Dr. Aria Nosratinia is investigating ways to break wireless messages into microstreams, reducing interference, and developing methods to detect malicious hardware modifications known as hardware Trojans. His research could lead to better wireless communication and increased network capacity.
Researchers found that increased grey matter volume in the right hemisphere relates to better-than-expected speech abilities in stroke survivors. The study suggests a new direction in treatment for post-stroke language disorders.
A study found that switching to efavirenz-based therapy did not result in higher rates of viral rebound or failure in HIV-infected children with suppressed viral loads. This approach may offer advantages in these patients.
Researchers aim to conduct clinical trials on implantable, engineered organs in this decade. The device mimics human kidney functions and has shown encouraging early studies.
A new study finds that the APOE epsilon 4 allele is associated with an increased risk of late-life depression, even after controlling for Alzheimer's disease. The presence of this allele predicts future depression in older adults, highlighting its potential as a marker for prevention and early detection.
Fireworks can cause a 25% reduction in visibility due to atmospheric particulate matter, raising concerns for motorist and pedestrian safety. Improved forecasting of visibility degradation is expected thanks to the research.
A recent UK study found that around 1 in 100 patients are at risk of receiving an inappropriate prescription, highlighting the need for regular drug reviews. The study also emphasizes the importance of considering the risks of prescribing multiple drugs, particularly for older patients and those with multiple conditions.
A content analysis of nearly 500 anti-vaccination websites found that over two-thirds used misinformation and pseudoscience to claim vaccines are dangerous. The sites also promoted positive behaviors like eating healthy and breastfeeding, often using these tactics to sway vaccine-hesitant parents.
A recent study found nearly 18% of returning veterans experience sexual functioning difficulties, with depression and post-traumatic stress disorder being major contributing factors. The study's authors emphasize the need for easy access to effective care and open discussion of sexual health concerns among veterans.
Researchers investigated the impact of augmented reality on various end-users, highlighting issues such as surveillance, privacy, and potential discrimination. They developed recommendations for policymakers to inform the development of adaptable, secure systems.
The CU-Boulder study found that the ancient villagers of Ceren had significant interactions among families, village elders, craftspeople, and specialty maintenance workers. The village's high degree of preservation allowed researchers to see daily life in detail, with evidence of free market transactions and no control by elite royalty.
A NOAA-led team found that only 20% of pregnant dolphins in Barataria Bay gave birth to healthy calves, compared to an 83% success rate in a similar population. The study also revealed high rates of reproductive failure and death among dolphins exposed to oil from the Deepwater Horizon spill.
Researchers have found a link between the origins of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and small mammals, specifically bats and rodents. The study provides novel insight into the evolution of HAV and how it spread to humans, highlighting the importance of analyzing animal reservoirs for risk assessment of emerging viruses.
A study published in JAMA Network found a small increased risk of childhood-onset epilepsy among Danish children with hospital-diagnosed pertussis infections. Researchers identified 90 cases of epilepsy in the pertussis cohort, compared to 511 in the general population.
Researchers investigated how hypoglycemia affects cardiovascular autonomic control, finding a clear change in the body's responses to cardiovascular stress. The study suggests that hypoglycemia may compromise the heart's function.
The San Antonio 1000 Cancer Genomes Project has partnered with WuXi NextCODE to utilize its CLIA sequence laboratory and HIPAA-compliant secondary analysis solution. This partnership enables the project to link genetic alterations to detailed clinical outcomes, making data freely available worldwide.
A new theory suggests that mood can aid adaptation to environmental changes by reflecting recent changes in reward availability. This effect may help explain the causes of mood disorders and predispose individuals to conditions like bipolar disorder.
A national survey of 1,604 adult smartphone users found that 58% had downloaded a health-related mobile application, with 65% reporting improved health. However, concerns about cost, disinterest, and privacy barriers hinder wider adoption. More research is needed to maximize the impact of health apps on overall health.
Researchers have created a 3D printing technique that produces highly uniform 'blocks' of embryonic stem cells, which can be used as building blocks to construct tissue constructs, larger structures of tissues, and potentially even micro-organs. The method outperforms existing methods in terms of cell uniformity and homogenous prolifer...
Researchers found that banning affirmative action can lead to a decline in student body diversity and negatively impact students of color. The study examined the impact of Proposal 2 in Michigan, which prohibited considering race in college admissions, and found that administrators felt disempowered to support racial diversity on campus.
Researchers found that high-frequency activity in the hippocampus predicts behavioral performance and supports both recollection and familiarity components of recognition memory. The study used direct electrical recordings to test this link.
A $2.5 million federal grant is being used to examine the ACA's effect on working-age adults with disabilities, tracking changes in health insurance coverage, access, and cost. The study aims to ensure the legislation is meeting its promise and addresses potential challenges faced by this vulnerable population.
Researchers found that older people with an age-related loss of muscle mass and strength are at a greater risk of falling and bone fractures. The study identified the International Working Group on Sarcopenia (IWGS) definition as the most effective means of identifying individuals at risk of adverse musculoskeletal events.
Engineers at Oregon State University have developed a new approach for storing concentrated solar thermal energy, enabling more efficient and cost-effective use of this technology. The innovation uses thermochemical storage to hold heat, drive turbines, and reheat for continuous cycles.
Researchers at Yale University found that a large achievement gap between dyslexic and typical readers is already present in first grade. Early screening and reading interventions can help close this gap by implementing programs as early as kindergarten.
The Journal of Biomedical Optics special section honors Osamu Shimomura's work on green fluorescent protein, enabling researchers to observe molecular-level activity in live cells. Recent studies detail new applications of protein photonics, including multicolor imaging and monitoring cellular magnesium levels.
A new UCLA study found that having a routine place for well and sick care is the most reliable predictor of whether a child will be readmitted to hospital. The study also revealed that parents' confidence in their children's continued good health is closely correlated with fewer unplanned readmissions.
The study found little correlation between donor country aid and recipient country disease burdens, despite some years showing a direct link. This highlights the need for a discussion on how funds are being allocated, as bilateral aid may be driven by relationships between countries rather than actual health needs.
Researchers propose that Alzheimer's disease is a collection of diseases stemming from similar molecular mechanisms. They identified a key protein, cyclophilin B, responsible for its manifestation in distinct neurodegenerative disorders. This study aims to develop novel therapies tailored to individual disease subtypes.
Scientists have discovered that chemicals widely used as refrigerants can degrade in the atmosphere to form a potent greenhouse gas called carbon tetrafluoride (CF4), lasting up to 50,000 years. This finding highlights the need for understanding the chemistry of compounds used in industry to mitigate long-lived atmospheric effects.
Researchers find oil-based pesticides outperform water-based counterparts in killing contents of brown widow spider egg sacs. The silk layer's hydrophobic properties hindered water-based pesticide penetration, but oil-based aerosols effectively breached this barrier.
Experts warn that chemsex, involving psychoactive drugs for extended periods, poses significant health risks, including HIV and mental health problems. Limited data hinders advice from clinicians, and funding for specialized services is waning.
Researchers found that areas with previous strong earthquakes were more likely to produce landslides after a second earthquake hit. The study's findings could lead to improved predictive models considering historical occurrences of past earthquakes.
A team of researchers at Rice University and the University of Pennsylvania created an implant with a network of blood vessels using 3D printing. The study shows that blood flowed normally through test constructs connected to native blood vessels, overcoming a major challenge in regenerative medicine.
Researchers identified VRAC channels as responsible for half of anti-cancer drug uptake, with down-regulated subunits linked to therapy resistance and programmed cell death disturbances. The study's findings hold high clinical relevance and suggest potential new targets for overcoming cancer therapy resistance.
A study by researchers from the University of Georgia found that female monarch butterflies have thicker wings and lighter body mass relative to their wing size, making their flight more efficient. This advantage enables females to outperform males in flight and migration success.
Researchers identify genetic mutations common to blood cancers in patients with unexplained low blood counts and cytopenias. The condition, clonal cytopenias of undetermined significance (CCUS), may represent early stages of subsequent blood cancers.
Scientists at UVA Health System find a way to prompt red blood cell production through dendritic cells, which could benefit people with diabetes, kidney disease, and cancer. The approach may one day allow doctors to produce red blood cells on demand, benefiting those who cannot receive blood transfusions due to religious beliefs.
A team of international neuroscientists and engineers has been awarded a $5 million grant to unravel the mysteries of the brain and develop new technologies for better healthcare. The project aims to stimulate and sense brain activity at the single-neuron level, reconstructing neural circuits with computer simulations.
Researchers found that these animals move forward by sucking water towards them using low pressure, rather than pushing against it. This discovery has significant implications for our understanding of evolutionary adaptation, functional ecology, and bio-inspired design.
Researchers from IMIM and partner institutions developed a new integrated computational method to predict adverse drug reactions more reliably. The method combines structure-based detection of labile fragments with information on the mechanism of action of the drug, resulting in improved ability to foresee possible adverse effects.
Researchers at UCSB aim to develop large-scale millimeter wave wireless data networks that can operate at gigabit speeds. The new approach focuses on the millimeter wave band, which offers additional real estate on the electromagnetic spectrum and better efficiency due to its smaller coverage area.
Researchers found that individuals with depressed mood forgot more number strings when responding to negative information, highlighting the impact of depressive thoughts on memory. The study suggests that this phenomenon may contribute to depression's effects on daily life and cognitive function.
Researchers find that using kisspeptin instead of hCG during IVF treatment safely matures eggs and reduces the risk of ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome (OHSS), even in high-risk patients. The average live birth rate was 45% across all doses, rising to 62% for women given the best performing dose.
Tropical Cyclone Chapala made history as the first land-falling tropical storm in 30 years of record-keeping. The storm's maximum sustained winds were near 85 mph (140 kph) before rapidly weakening to 25 knots (28.7 mph/46.3 kph).
Researchers from the University of Gothenburg and Karolinska Institutet have cast doubt on the effectiveness of stem cell therapy for treating female infertility. The study, published in Nature Medicine, suggests that stem cells cannot generate new egg cells, rendering the treatment unreliable.
A new study suggests using contingent screening could detect higher proportions of affected pregnancies, but parental choices limit its impact. Only 60% of women considered high-risk after standard first-trimester screening choose cfDNA testing, resulting in a limited effect on live births with trisomy 21.
The new center aims to understand how 3-D genome structure influences gene expression, cellular function, development, and disease. Researchers will generate three-dimensional models of the human genome using advanced technologies and imaging methods.
Researchers aim to create a permanent solution for organ transplantation scarcity using bio-hybrid devices combining silicon filters with living human kidney cells. The device, if successful, could run on the body's normal blood pressure without power source, eliminating organ rejection issues.
Scientists have determined a female bias of 2.83 females to each male among 69 green turtles sampled in San Diego Bay, revealing potential feminization due to climate change. The study provides a safe and effective method for determining the sex of immature turtles using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Researchers at Lehigh University and the University of Colorado Boulder discovered that an electric field can lower the softening temperature of glass, allowing for significant energy savings in traditional forming approaches. This phenomenon has potential applications in micro- and nano-forming operations and high-precision nanostamping.
Researchers found pregnant women with depression symptoms spend more time sitting down, leading to greater weight gain and higher risk of gestational diabetes. Reducing sitting time may improve metabolic health during pregnancy.
Complex engineered materials pose significant structural challenges due to non-periodic and disordered atomic structures. A new approach combining experimental and theoretical tools is required to obtain unique solutions.
Researchers discovered a mechanism where mesenchymal stem cells recruit and suppress macrophage activity to protect themselves from damage. This process allows macrophages to repurpose damaged mitochondria for their own survival, creating a mutually beneficial relationship between the two cell types.
A new study reveals that chemotherapy-induced hearing loss in pediatric brain tumor survivors can lead to significant neurocognitive deficits, including intelligence, executive function, and verbal reasoning skills. Children who received radiation therapy and developed hearing loss are at particularly high-risk for these deficits.
Lesly Temesvari will research the cellular biology and life cycle of Entamoeba histolytica to develop drug therapies or a vaccine. Improving sanitation is also crucial in preventing the spread of amoebic dysentery.
A new method of moving data in racetrack memory uses sound waves, overcoming limitations of traditional methods. The study, published in Applied Physics Letters, demonstrates the potential for faster computing by utilizing surface acoustic waves to transport data quickly and efficiently.
A study published in Human Pathology found that lung cancer patients without the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (pRB) experience significantly improved survival rates when undergoing chemotherapy. The absence of pRB was detected in 15% of patients, with a 92% 5-year survival rate compared to 49% for those with the protein.
Prescription drug use increased by 8% to 59% among US adults between 1999-2000 and 2011-2012, with notable increases in hypertension and hyperlipidemia treatments. The prevalence of polypharmacy also rose from 8% to 15%.
Research found that theropod dinosaurs like T. rex and Allosaurus could open their jaws wide due to their powerful muscles, while herbivorous Erlikosaurus had limited jaw movement. This study provides new insights into the relationship between dinosaur diet and jaw musculature.