A new University of Michigan study found that low testosterone in fathers is associated with less sensitive parenting. Men who are more empathetic and have a loving relationship with their infant's mother exhibit nurturing fathering behavior. This can impact young children's social, emotional, and cognitive development positively.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital found that low-fat interventions were no more successful than higher-fat interventions in achieving and maintaining weight loss for periods longer than one year. Low-carbohydrate weight loss interventions resulted in greater weight loss compared to low-fat diets.
Researchers identify cognitive barriers that hinder pro-vaccination views, including the need for trust in medicine and government. They argue that transparency and efficient science communication can increase public trust in vaccination.
A recent study by Temple researchers found that a protein isolated from bacterial biofilms, known as curli, can effectively relieve intestinal inflammation in animals. The results suggest that curli could be a novel immunotherapy for inflammatory bowel disease, offering a new treatment option for patients.
Scientists have developed a working laboratory demonstrator of a lithium-oxygen battery with very high energy density, exceeding 90% efficiency, and over 2000 recharges. The breakthrough relies on a highly porous graphene electrode and additives altering chemical reactions for improved stability and efficiency.
A new study develops a live attenuated SARS-CoV vaccine that maintains genetic stability through targeted modifications of the E protein gene. Vaccinated mice show full protection against challenge with virulent SARS-CoV, demonstrating potential as an efficient and safe vaccine.
Researchers analyzed over 500 mummified seal remains to understand the impact of changing ice conditions on their diet and ecology. Crabeater seals showed little isotopic change, while Weddell seals underwent a shift in dietary values, indicating adaptations to a changing environment.
Researchers identify reversible phase transitions in FUS protein, leading to aggregation and trapping of other proteins. Disrupting these assemblies can rescue impaired motility and prolong lifespan in ALS models.
A recent discovery of a small-bodied ape in Spain shares features of both catarrhines and great apes, suggesting that the last common ancestor of all apes may have been less great ape-like than previously assumed. This finding has significant implications for our understanding of hominoid evolution.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati uncovered ancient parasites on marine animals, including snails and worm-like creatures. The parasitic interactions between crinoids and these organisms reveal complex adaptations and co-evolutionary relationships over hundreds of millions of years.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have found evidence of a dedicated neural pathway that transmits the itchy feeling triggered by light touch. The study sheds light on potential mechanisms of chronic itch and may help explain why some people are unresponsive to antihistamine drugs.
Research found that water treatment plant effluents can boost the activity of some organisms while harming others, affecting respiration and photosynthesis. The study suggests that current water treatment plants are not totally efficient and need improvement to maintain healthy river ecosystems.
A new report by the National Science Foundation links rapid warming of ocean waters to the collapse of New England's cod fishery. The study found that increasing water temperatures reduced cod production and increased mortality of young fish, leading to a decline in sustainable stock levels.
A meta-analysis of structural MRI volumes found no significant difference in hippocampal size between men and women. The study challenges common claims about sex differences in the brain, citing minimal differences in key areas such as emotional expressiveness, verbal memory, and brain communication.
A study led by Mount Sinai researchers identifies zinc finger protein 217 (ZFP217) as a factor that regulates stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, potentially balancing medically useful qualities for therapeutic applications. The discovery builds on understanding epigenetic mechanisms controlling gene expression.
Researchers at the Salk Institute identified a strain of E. coli bacteria in mice capable of improving tolerance to infections by preventing muscle wasting. The bacteria activate the IGF-1 pathway in fat tissues, maintaining normal levels and preserving muscle mass during pathogenic infections.
University of Utah engineers develop a new color filter that lets in three times more light than conventional filters, resulting in cleaner and more accurate pictures taken in lowlight. The filter can be used for smartphone cameras and industrial applications.
A study from Rice University and colleagues found that evolutionary changes in a native North American fruit fly are driving the emergence of three new wasp species, which exploit new habitats created by the changing fruit fly populations.
Most Achilles tendon ruptures can be effectively treated with conservative methods, including rest and physical therapy, before considering surgery. For acute tears in young or active patients, surgical intervention may be necessary to prevent re-rupture and promote quicker recovery.
Researchers found that World Vision's community-led approach, which integrates local committees and fee collection, significantly increases well functionality. Nearly 80% of Wells drilled by World Vision remain operational after over two decades with proper maintenance and repair.
Astronomers suggest that large spiral patterns in circumstellar disks around young stars may indicate the presence of giant unseen planets. Computer simulations support this idea by showing how gas-and-dust disks evolve and how planets can modify disk structures, revealing their mass and position.
Researchers have found that transplanted human umbilical cord blood cells migrate to brain tissue and remain active for up to 30 days, without promoting tumor growth. The study suggests that these cells may confer therapeutic effects through modulation of the inflammatory response associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that certain proteins undergo a transition from liquid droplets to toxic, fibrous solids on their way to becoming harmful. Cells may use this liquid state for normal physiology, but under certain conditions the proteins can transition again.
A new Tel Aviv University study suggests that following one's heart can lead to greater job satisfaction and personal fulfillment. The research found that young people with strong callings are more likely to take risks and achieve success in their chosen fields, regardless of their inherent talent.
Researchers found that axon initial segment (AIS) plasticity can occur quickly, influencing neuronal firing responses. After 3 hours of elevated activity, the AIS was shortened by approximately 25%, but did not immediately lead to reduced excitability.
A study by Arizona State University researchers found that four factors - unconditional acceptance, feeling comforted when needed, authenticity in relationships, and friendship satisfaction - play a crucial role in keeping mothers happy, healthy, and able to give of themselves. The study, which surveyed over 2,000 well-educated, upper-...
Research review finds no consistent evidence that antidepressants increase bleeding, breast cancer, or other adverse outcomes in patients undergoing plastic surgery. However, the underlying depression may pose a risk to postoperative problems. Plastic surgeons should consider the impact of depression on surgical complications.
Prof. Ichiro Maruyama's rotation model suggests that receptors exist as dimers prior to ligand binding, regulating activity and flexibility upon binding. This new model challenges the traditional dimerization theory, offering a more energy-efficient explanation for receptor activation.
Research at the John Innes Centre reveals that plant stem cells actively regulate their size to develop organs properly. The study shows that maintaining uniform cell sizes is crucial for organ formation, similar to pixel sizes in digital images.
Researchers describe a new genus and species, Pliobates cataloniae, with characteristics similar to extant hominoids, overturning previous theories on gibbon origins. The fossil find provides clues about the origin of extant gibbons and their evolutionary relationships.
Researchers discovered a new way in which ALS kills nerve cells by disrupting protein synthesis, highlighting the importance of RNA-binding proteins in disease progression. The study provides a potential key to treating both ALS and dementia.
A new MIT-led study reveals that Volkswagen's use of software to evade emissions standards will directly contribute to 60 premature deaths across the US. The automaker's excess emissions will also cause 31 cases of chronic bronchitis and 34 hospital admissions, generating $450 million in health expenses.
Patients who took cholesterol-lowering medication before endovascular aortic aneurysm surgery experienced fewer complications and better outcomes. Statin use was associated with a 26% decrease in mortality up to one year after surgery.
Researchers found dynamic ads are more attention-grabbing than static ads, but it's not just about attention. Ads with kinetic property influence consumer perceptions of product innovation in products with small improvements, like tablets and smartphones. This effect is strongest in fast-changing industries.
A study published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery found that abdominoplasty carries a higher complication rate than other cosmetic surgery procedures. Major complications occurred in four percent of patients, with hematomas, infections, blood clots, and lung-related problems being the most common issues.
Scientists estimate volume of open pore space in subsurface using geophysical surveys and computer models, revealing new theoretical framework for understanding watershed porosity. The study predicts distribution of pore space based on stress in the earth's crust, with implications for streamflow, aquifer systems, and landscape evolution.
The study found that mammal body size decreased by 10-20% during warm periods in the Bighorn Basin, with some lineages experiencing dwarfing. The findings add to evidence of a link between climatic change and animal populations.
A team of researchers from SISSA investigated the mechanism behind biological tissues' resistance to external strain, discovering that cracks appear in multiple places rather than one. This study aims to create artificial materials with similar features for biomedical applications.
Scientists have identified a new class of DNA repair enzyme that can recognize and remove positively charged lesions, including bulky ones. This discovery expands the understanding of DNA damage repair pathways and offers insights into alternative mechanisms for repairing genetic information.
Researchers found that despite increased ice melt, some areas of the ice sheet have slowed down, reducing sea level forecasts. The discovery was made using satellite data and shows that meltwater can slow glacier movement by producing channels at the base of the ice sheet.
A recent study published in PLOS Computational Biology identifies molecular similarities between environmental allergens and parasitic worm proteins, suggesting that allergy is a flawed immune response. The research provides tools for predicting protein molecules that may cause allergic reactions and could lead to new treatments.
Scientists have simulated 3D exotic clouds on GJ1214b, an exoplanet with a flat spectrum that indicates high-altitude clouds or haze in its atmosphere. The clouds could be of salt and are thought to form deep in the atmosphere before rising into the upper atmosphere.
A study found that long-term aerobic exercise can prevent structural deterioration associated with old age in mice, improving blood-brain barrier function and reducing inflammation. Exercise was particularly beneficial for animals lacking the Apoe gene, a major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease.
Cell membranes deform when viruses detach and during cell division, thanks to the ESCRT-III protein complex forming a molecular spring. Researchers used high-speed atomic force microscopy to observe the complex's movements in real-time, validating their theoretical models.
Researchers found that honey bee larvae acquire social information from their environment, which affects their aggression and resilience. The study suggests that early-life experiences shape the behavior of adult bees, with aggressive individuals exhibiting increased resistance to pesticides.
A new study led by University of Colorado Boulder researchers found no correlation between spruce beetle infestation and severe fire damage in the region. The study suggests that factors like topography and weather conditions play a larger role in determining fire severity.
A large meta-analysis of over 68,000 adults found that low-fat diets do not lead to greater weight loss in the long term compared to higher-fat diets. The analysis suggests that alternative diets like low-carb or Mediterranean diets may be more effective for achieving long-term weight loss.
A research team developed predictive models of flu-like activity combining data from Google, Twitter, EHRs, and crowd-sourced flu data. Ensemble modeling outperforms individual data sources and rivals CDC's retrospective reporting accuracy.
A study by University of Illinois researchers found participants with MS had significantly higher peak aerobic capacity and muscle strength when using computerized dynamometers and recumbent steppers. This challenges conventional methods that may underestimate participants' capabilities, highlighting the need for more effective exercis...
A newly discovered extinct ape species, Pliobates cataloniae, roamed Earth 11.6 million years ago, providing a missing chapter to the beginning of ape and human history. The fossil discovery forces researchers to reconsider the role of small apes in hominoid evolution.
Breast cancer incidence rates have increased among African American women, converging with those of white women. The rise is attributed to ER positive breast cancers and may reflect rising obesity rates. Black women are more likely to be diagnosed at later stages and have poorer survival rates due to lack of access to timely treatment.
Researchers have discovered highly conserved DNA sequences in non-coding regions of insect genomes, which are remarkably preserved for at least 180 million years. These findings provide new insights into the evolution of ancient animal ancestors and their influence on modern species.
Researchers discovered that bipolar patients' brain cells are more sensitive to stimuli, leading to differing responses to lithium. The study suggests a starting point for probing cellular differences and developing new treatments.
Researchers tested 10 commercially available products for mosquito repellency, finding that DEET-based products were the most effective, while some natural alternatives showed promise, including lemon eucalyptus oil and Victoria's Secret perfume.
A consortium of scientists proposes a Unified Microbiome Initiative to drive cutting-edge microbiome research. Genetic engineering holds the key to harnessing microbes for diverse applications, including fighting antibiotic resistance, reclaiming farmland, and producing sustainable energy.
The program provided a rare chance for participants to experience burn scenarios with controlled variables, yielding professional research-level training results. The five-day course covered fire science, death investigations, and forensic science, culminating in controlled experiments using cadavers.
Researchers at the University of Rochester found that humans can detect and process sound delays as short as 40 milliseconds to fine-tune visual distance estimates. Participants consistently perceived shapes paired with delayed clicks as more distant, even when they were not, suggesting an unconscious link between sound delays and visu...
The discovery of an ancient Iberian lynx specimen provides new insights into the evolution and origins of this endangered feline species. The fossil remains, dated to 1.6-1.7 million years ago, reveal a larger and heavier body than the modern species.
A new fossil discovery of an adolescent Tyrannosaurus rex fills a critical gap in the species' growth stages, supporting research on its evolution. The find, named 'Jane', shows features intermediate between juvenile and adult T. rex, resolving decades-long debate.
The Nordic Seas started cooling towards modern temperatures in the early Pliocene, 5.3 to 2.6 million years ago. This occurred half a million years before the global oceans cooled, according to a new study published in Nature Communications.