Men in China face increasing tobacco-related cancer risks due to high cigarette smoking rates among teenagers and continued use in adulthood. The country now produces and consumes nearly 40% of the world's cigarettes, primarily driven by men's smoking habits.
Researchers found that activation of same brain regions can produce both reward and aversion responses, leading to cancelled effects in patients. This discovery may help develop more targeted treatments for addiction and depression.
A new study suggests that nocturnal enuresis, or bedwetting, may be an additional symptom to look for when assessing post-menopausal women for obstructive sleep apnea. The study found a strong association between OSA risk factors and nocturnal enuresis in postmenopausal women.
A recent study published in the Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved reveals that Non-Hispanic Black Americans have significantly higher rates of nutrient shortfalls compared to Non-Hispanic Whites. The analysis, conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), found that Blacks we...
Researchers have discovered a way to manage high water tables to boost crop yields, while 3D maps reveal the formation of the Hangai Dome in Mongolia. New satellite radar technology provides precise wind speed maps for coastal communities to prepare for wind-related hazards.
Researchers found that high-throughput molecular methods used to analyze soil fungi often produce biased results due to limitations in taxonomic resolution and primer-template mismatches. Despite these biases, the study suggests that PCR-free methods have potential for understanding functional capacity of microorganisms.
A recent study found that decreasing sugar-sweetened beverage intake in children over 12 months was associated with an increase in favorable HDL-C levels. The researchers also discovered that higher SSB consumption was linked to higher triglyceride concentrations and lower fruit/vegetable intake.
The EU loses approximately 970 million tonnes of soil annually due to water erosion, equivalent to a one-metre-depth loss from Berlin-sized area. Soil erosion by water accounts for the greatest loss in Europe, with agricultural lands accounting for 68.3% of total losses.
A recent study published in Neuron highlights a novel role for the appoptosin protein in initiating tau aggregation, a key component of brain lesions. Elevated levels of appoptosin increase caspase-mediated tau cleavage, leading to synaptic dysfunction and progressive deterioration of the central nervous system.
Researchers estimate systemic risk to be 90% higher than previous estimates by expanding layers of connectivity, including derivatives and foreign exchange. The new method provides a way to create systemic risk profiles for markets and individual institutions.
A new computational method suggests that analyzing the relative amounts of starting DNA and ending DNA can be translated into the growth rate for each strain of bacteria. This approach has been found to reveal intriguing links between bacterial growth rates and conditions such as type II diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease.
A new study proposes a logical classification scheme for dogs and wolves, revealing that domestic dogs are descendants of two interbred species: an extinct Asian wild dog and the grey wolf. This finding has implications for wolf conservation, as some hybrids have evolved into full species.
A new study found that a commonly used diabetes treatment provides protection against terminal blood loss. Researchers identified how the medication works at a cellular level to prevent shock and death from massive blood loss.
Researchers discovered a mechanism that regulates blood vessel growth in diabetic mice, reducing tumor size without harming other organs. The approach may also treat diabetic complications like retinopathy and nephropathy.
A new European Marine Board paper highlights the need for major progress in deep-sea research to underpin future management and exploitation of living and non-living deep-sea resources. The report identifies deficiencies in basic knowledge of deep-sea systems, which could hinder ecosystem-based management and limit sustainability.
Scientists have identified a gene variant that slows Alzheimer's disease progression by preventing eotaxin levels from increasing with age. The study found that individuals carrying this variant experienced a modest delay in disease onset, suggesting a potential protective mechanism against the disease.
Researchers found male seahorses play a crucial role in nourishing and protecting embryos during pregnancy, delivering energy-rich lipids and calcium. Their gene expression during pregnancy was also similar to that of humans, suggesting a common genetic mechanism for managing pregnancy across species.
Researchers found that DMPA use is associated with an increased risk of HIV infection, especially in women with vaginal infections or disturbed microbiota. The study suggests that hormonal contraceptives can exacerbate the suppression of immune systems, making women more vulnerable to HIV.
A study published by The BMJ reveals that over 70% of antipsychotic prescriptions are given to those without recorded mental illness, instead used for managing challenging behavior. Researchers call for changes in prescribing practices and more evidence on drug safety in intellectual disability populations.
The European Cardiomyopathy Registry Pilot study found that nearly 60% of patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy received implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, a common yet underutilized treatment strategy. Genetic testing was also widely used, with over half of tests yielding positive results.
A new UCL study found that over one-quarter of people with intellectual disabilities in the UK are being inappropriately prescribed antipsychotic drugs. Behaviour problems not due to mental illness were often treated with these medications.
Researchers found that Brazilian wasp venom's MP1 toxin selectively kills cancer cells by interacting with abnormally distributed lipids on their surface. The peptide creates gaping holes, allowing critical molecules to escape and potentially leading to new anticancer drug development.
College students' daily marijuana use has increased to 5.9% in 2014, the highest rate since 1980, with use on 20 or more occasions in the prior 30 days reported by one in every 17 students. This increase parallels an uptick in high school seniors' marijuana use.
Researchers found that a gene linked to PTSD severity predicts increased symptoms and thinner brain cortex in veterans returning from conflict. The study suggests a possible genetic blood test to identify at-risk individuals.
A clinical trial found that doctors given information on a patient's cognitive status provided more care focused on cognition, but this had little impact on the overall rate of cognitive decline. The study highlights the importance of primary care in recognizing cognitive impairment and supporting older adults.
Researchers found that statins yield an off-target reaction disrupting muscle mitochondria function, causing muscle pain and weakness. The lactone form of statins is more potent at disturbing mitochondrial function than its acid form.
A recent USDA Forest Service study found that warming temperatures and acidity threaten coldwater aquatic species in the southern Appalachians, with an estimated 10-20% loss of habitat for brook trout. The research highlights the importance of watershed management and climate adaptation planning to mitigate these impacts.
Researchers discovered that larger groups of animals synchronize their behavior, with social interactions playing a key role. The study found that even without external cues, internal mechanisms are regulated by social presence, leading to increased synchronization in group settings.
A recent study by the University of Warwick found a significant link between premature birth and decreased intelligence, reading, and mathematical ability in adulthood. The research also highlighted an impact on earnings into adulthood, with preterm-born individuals more likely to be manual workers or have lower family incomes.
A new study by CU Denver reveals that smaller cities in the developing world are often unprepared for disasters, lacking basic infrastructure and redundant systems. Climate change is expected to exacerbate these threats, particularly in mountainous regions such as India's Darjeeling District.
Researchers have replicated the surface chemistry found in iridescent Morpho butterfly scales to create a highly selective gas sensor. The bio-inspired sensor detects small color changes for gas detection, potentially transforming medical diagnostics, industry, and military sectors.
Hurricane Ignacio is being affected by wind shear, weakening the storm. Infrared satellite data shows that southwesterly wind shear is pushing thunderstorms to the northeast, causing a 'warmer banding feature' across the western and northern semicircles.
A new Cornell University study suggests that examining centuries-old oyster reefs can help restore these vital marine ecosystems. By analyzing fossils and sediment records, scientists can gain insights into how oysters have grown, lived, and interacted with their environments over time.
A team of researchers developed a self-healing bioplastic from squid proteins, which can be repaired with warm water. The material exhibits improved durability for applications such as medical implants and fiber-optic cables.
A new study found that providing antiretroviral therapy programmes in the workplace can lead to significant cost savings for companies, particularly in South Africa where HIV prevalence is high. The study estimated that annual cost savings would decrease by 5% and average cost per HIV positive employee would decrease by 14%.
Researchers at UMass Amherst aim to develop a reliable, predictive computational framework for designing better-performing materials with reduced development costs. The new approach will address challenges in handling complex systems with millions of variables, rare events, and multi-scale features.
A new study has found that the satiety hormone leptin plays a crucial role in the 'runner's high' feeling, with mice running longer distances on a wheel due to reduced leptin signaling. The research also suggests that people with lower fat-adjusted leptin levels may be more inclined to exercise.
A new RAND Corporation study found that police officers face a higher risk of being injured in crashes when they are riding motorcycles, driving solo, or not wearing seatbelts. The study also highlights the need for law enforcement agencies to reduce traffic collisions involving officers and prevent officer injuries.
A research group has designed the first ever SNP array optimized for the Japanese population, covering the whole-genome region from which SNPs possessed by Japanese people can be obtained with high accuracy. The Japonica Array offers improved genotype imputation accuracy, accelerating personalized healthcare and medicine research.
Bumblebees infected with a common intestinal parasite are drawn to flowers rich in medicinal compounds, which may help combat bee species decline. The study found that bees alter their foraging behavior to maximize consumption of beneficial plant chemicals.
A new microfluidic technology enables rapid separation of antibiotic-resistant from susceptible bacteria, offering a game-changing solution for patients. This breakthrough could lead to faster and more effective treatment, reducing mortality rates and improving patient outcomes.
A US study from 1998 to 2013 found a significant increase in bicycle-related injuries and hospital admissions, particularly among adults over 45 years old. The incidence of these injuries increased by 28% and hospital admissions by 120%.
A simplified handwashing routine with five steps instead of seven reduces sickness-related absenteeism for students with mild intellectual disability, according to a study published in the American Journal of Infection Control. The intervention improved hand hygiene and reduced absenteeism by 40% compared to the control group.
A study by Penn and German researchers reveals that cognitive flexibility is predicted by the degree to which brain networks reconfigure themselves. Participants who performed best on alternating tasks showed more rearrangement of connections within their frontal cortices and new connections with other areas of their brains.
Experts call for new international standards and mitigation strategies to minimize the impact of seismic surveys on vulnerable marine life. The proposed measures aim to reduce risks from sound pollution, protect important habitats, and promote coordinated planning across industries and nations.
Two Stanford University researchers, Maria Barna and Carolyn McBride, received the award for their pioneering work on ribosome processing and mosquito behavior. The Rosalind Franklin Young Investigator Award recognizes outstanding contributions to genetics research in human and non-mammalian systems.
The VISION Study found that preoperative statin use is linked to a lower risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality after noncardiac surgery. Statins were shown to be associated with a 17% reduction in cardiac complications and a 43% reduction in mortality.
Researchers will use digital methods to repopulate an ancient country called Doggerland, monitoring its development over 5,000 years. This project aims to reveal crucial information about early human life in Europe and develop new technologies for exploring lost landscapes.
Researchers at North Carolina State University developed a new technique for creating low-cost, high-efficiency power converters for embedded systems. The prototypes achieved 95% efficiency and 50-cent component costs, outperforming existing market options.
Researchers at Washington State University discovered that altering the timing of an animal's sleep can have a significant impact on its immune response and overall sleep quality. The study found that mice with disrupted circadian cycles had blunted or overactive immune responses, making them more susceptible to illness.
Patients with autoimmune hepatitis who present with cirrhosis at first diagnosis and those with SLA/LP antibodies have a higher risk of relapse, liver transplant, and reduced life expectancy. The presence of SLA/LP antibodies is linked to poor overall and liver transplant-free survival.
Dr. Peter Berger suggests that the expensive drug offers no clear safety benefits over heparin, which is widely used and effective in lower doses. The MATRIX Trial found no advantages of bivalirudin over heparin in preventing bleeding complications during cardiac stent placement.
Tropical Depression 14E forms in Eastern Pacific Ocean on September 1 with NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite. The depression features fragmented thunderstorms and a stretched cloud pattern indicating poor organization.
A study by Shireen Kanji and Emma Cahusac found that mothers who leave work to raise children experience an ongoing struggle to redefine their identities, leading to a sense of loss and disjuncture between their professional and personal selves.
A study in nearly 800,000 patients found a positive association between carbonated beverage consumption and out-of-hospital cardiac arrests of cardiac origin. Limiting carbonated drink consumption may help reduce the risk of fatal cardiovascular disease.
The Buck Institute joins forces with Chilean researchers to tackle the growing crisis of an aging population. The Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism will focus on understanding the interface between aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers developed a new system to fine-tune the affinity of CAR T cells, enabling them to selectively target cancer cells. The newly engineered cells showed more potent reactivity against tumor cells expressing high levels of specific proteins.
A team of geologists and physicists has generated the world's first global map of antineutrino emissions, which provides an important baseline image of the energy budget of Earth's interior. The map reveals that natural sources accounted for less than 1 percent of detected antineutrinos, highlighting human-made radioactivity.
A $475,000 grant will support a study examining the huge amount of particulate organic nitrogen transported downstream during intense storms and its impact on freshwater streams and rivers. The researchers aim to understand how this contributes to the overall nitrogen load and what happens to the particulate materials.
Researchers engineered CAR T cells to preferentially target cancer cells expressing high amounts of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), while sparing normal cells. The modified cells were selectively activated only in response to cancer cells, demonstrating improved safety and efficacy in treating solid tumors.