Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have developed a new type of nuclear fusion process that produces almost no neutrons, instead releasing fast and heavy electrons. This allows for the creation of smaller and simpler fusion reactors with instant electrical energy production.
Researchers have developed a reliable method to trace viral evolution, supporting the hypothesis that viruses are alive and share a long evolutionary history with cells. The study found that viruses possess unique genetic sequences and protein folds that are unlike anything seen in cells.
Researchers believe that tick spit proteins, such as alpha-gal, can cause severe allergic reactions in humans. A vaccine could be created to target these proteins, potentially providing protection against tick bite allergies.
A new study by UConn Health psychiatrist Golda Ginsburg found that family-based intervention works to prevent anxiety in children. The study, published online September 25 in The American Journal of Psychiatry, found only 9% of children who participated in a therapist-directed family intervention developed anxiety after one year.
The EUROCARE 5 study shows significant geographical variations in survival from blood cancers in Europe, with the highest five-year relative survival rate for Hodgkin lymphoma at 81% in Northern European countries. In contrast, chronic myeloid leukemia had a significantly lower survival rate of 53%, particularly in Eastern Europe.
A new scorecard reveals that many countries have made little progress in reducing the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCD). The majority of low- and middle-income countries struggle with risk factors such as tobacco use, poor diet, and physical inactivity. Countries also fare poorly in researching local responses to NCDs.
A new study reveals that Millennials are not a monolithic group, but rather four distinct types with different information consumption habits. The study identifies key characteristics of each group, including their age, interests, and media use.
A field experiment with over 30,000 customers found that multichannel shopping generates higher profits for companies compared to single-channel purchases. The study identified a key marketing campaign that induces customers to use multiple channels without relying on financial incentives.
Patients with advanced throat cancer who underwent primary surgery had significantly higher overall survival rates compared to those who did not. The study found that radical surgery improved survival in both oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers, with notable benefits for patients with stage III and IVa disease.
Researchers identified a mutated POT1 gene in families with multiple tumors, including cardiac angiosarcoma. The finding opens up the possibility of early diagnosis and treatment for family members.
Researchers at ORNL have created flexible polymer carbon composite films as electrodes for supercapacitors, achieving high power and energy density. The technology can consume up to 50 tons of scrap tires daily, providing relief from the expected 1.5 billion discarded tires by 2035.
A team at University of California - Santa Cruz developed chip-based technology for reliable Ebola detection, combining microfluidic and optofluidic chips. The system achieved comparable sensitivity to PCR analysis with excellent specificity.
Researchers used microalgae to remove noxious chemicals from Chevron oil refinery wastewater, achieving 90% ammonia-nitrogen and 97% phosphorus removal. The process also produced a wealth of algae-based biomass for bioenergy and biobased chemical production.
Researchers found significant environmental and public-health benefits from co-firing oat hulls with coal, including 90% reduction in filterable particulate matter. Burning oat hulls also reduced hazardous air pollutants by 41% and heavy metals by 51%.
A novel protein has been identified as a key player in preventing bowel inflammation, which is a major cause of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The discovery could lead to the development of targeted therapies for these conditions.
The Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis at Mainz University Medical Center has been awarded €25 million in funding from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. The center will focus on translational research to improve treatments for thrombosis-related disorders.
GPM measured rainfall rates at 122 mm/h, revealing intense rain showers and storm tops reaching 15 km. The tropical depression turned northwest late on September 25, with expected weakening over the next two days.
Researchers have found that artificially selected microbiomes can improve plant growth in genetically identical plants. This method of root microbiome engineering uses bacteria from the roots of large plants and transfers them to other plants, leading to improved growth over time.
Results from the METEOR trial show that cabozantinib improves progression-free and overall survival in patients with advanced clear cell kidney cancer, with a median progression-free survival of 7.4 months compared to 3.8 months for everolimus.
Seventy-five years after the start of the WWII Blitz, Herbert Mason's portrait of St. Paul's Cathedral stands as an enduring symbol of Britain's resilience amidst destruction. The iconic image has been widely reproduced and continues to have a lasting impact on visual shorthand for momentous events.
Scientists discovered that cannabinoid receptors in the brain exclusively control aversive memories, excluding neutral and positive ones. This finding has significant implications for treating diseases associated with emotional processes like depression and anxiety.
Researchers have successfully simulated chiral edge states in a quantum system using ultracold ytterbium atoms. The experiment demonstrates the ability to observe chiral currents at the boundaries of two-dimensional materials, similar to those observed in condensed matter physics.
Researchers at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center demonstrated a significant median overall survival benefit with nivolumab, increasing it to 25 months compared to 19.6 months for everolimus. The study also showed a higher objective response rate and fewer treatment-related adverse events with nivolumab.
Researchers have solved the mystery of black rice's origin and spread, revealing a genetic basis for its color. The trait arose due to a rearrangement in a gene called Kala4, which activates anthocyanin production, and was later transferred into other varieties through crossbreeding.
Research shows that a diet containing dried plums can positively affect microbiota in the colon, potentially reducing the risk of colon cancer. The study found increased Bacteroidetes and reduced Firmicutes in the distal colon, as well as reduced aberrant crypts and precancerous lesions.
Researchers discovered massive dead galaxies with stellar content similar to local elliptical galaxies, revealing the formation and evolution of massive galaxies. The team found progenitors of these dead galaxies when they were forming stars at an earlier cosmic epoch, uncovering a consistent picture of galaxy history.
A Cardiff University team developed an intelligent system to detect malicious links disguised in shortened URLs on Twitter, identifying cyber-attacks within 30 seconds with 98% accuracy. The system was tested using tweets from high-traffic events and showed promise in preventing malware infections.
A new study suggests that a diabetes medication could be used to treat alcohol dependence, with results showing a 30-40% reduction in consumption and prevention of relapse. The medication works by interfering with the hormone GLP-1, which regulates food intake and reward centers.
The University of California, Santa Barbara, has been awarded a $2.6 million grant from the US Department of Education to strengthen student success and retention. The grant will focus on two main areas: first-year experiences and faculty professional development, targeting underrepresented students in specific majors and courses.
A recent University of Eastern Finland and Cranfield University study found that goal congruence, not power symmetry, drives the development of trust in business-to-business relationships. This finding has implications for companies seeking to establish successful partnerships across different types and sizes of organizations.
A study by Aalto University researchers found that large corporations use methods to downplay the harm caused by a scandal, shift blame and distract attention. Volkswagen's response is under scrutiny as it tries to 'heap blame' on individuals rather than addressing root causes of the issue.
Albert D. Kim, a postdoctoral fellow at the Keck School of Medicine of USC, has received the first Hearst Fellowship for his work on turning stem cells into nephrons, the functional units of the kidney. He aims to isolate and generate kidney progenitor cells to repair damaged adult kidneys.
Researchers have identified a unique group of stem cells in the human brain that generate most neurons, expanding the cortex by 1,000-fold. These stem cells, called outer radial glia (oRGs), exhibit remarkable generative capacity and self-renewal properties.
A new theory suggests that dark matter could be composed of electrically charged constituents that interact with ordinary matter in the early universe. This 'stealthy' dark matter would have been easy to detect at high temperatures but is now difficult to see due to its compositeness and confinement.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found that arterial blood contains a higher number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) than venous blood in uveal melanoma patients. This discovery raises concerns about the effectiveness of current detection techniques, which often rely on venous blood samples.
Harvard Stem Cell Institute researchers discovered molecular changes in SMA that explain why motor neurons are affected, diverging from other neurodegenerative diseases. The findings suggest a stress response pathway convergence between SMA and ALS, potentially leading to a single treatment.
The EU BON project uses the European Biodiversity Observation Network to develop an integrated biodiversity information framework. This framework collects and standardizes existing data sources to show trends and prognoses useful to policy and society. The aim is to make biodiversity data discoverable, accessible, and digestible.
A Purdue University-led survey of nearly 700 scientists from non-climate disciplines found that an overwhelming majority believe in anthropogenic climate change and are highly certain of their beliefs. The study suggests that cultural values, political ideologies, and personal identity influence scientists' views on climate change.
The Brown University Superfund Research Program will advance research on toxicant exposures and safety, focusing on biomedical and engineering solutions for regulatory uncertainty. Researchers will investigate physiological effects of toxicants on the male reproductive system and explore graphene's potential to block toxicant releases.
Researchers discovered a world of biological activity beneath the Arctic's polar night, with diverse species reproducing and thriving in the darkness. The findings raise questions about how marine species adapt to the changing climate and highlight the importance of this period for ecosystem reproduction.
Lehigh University has received a $5 million grant from the National Science Foundation to improve infrastructure resilience and sustainability. The award supports research using Lehigh's ATLSS facilities, which will conduct real-time structural experiments to evaluate engineering designs and materials during natural disasters.
Researchers have developed a sticky gel that helps stem cells adhere to and restore their metabolism in rat hearts, improving cardiac function after simulated heart attacks. The gel, which combines serum and hyaluronic acid, has been shown to retain up to 73% of transplanted cells in the heart.
Professor Raymond received the Canadian Geotechnical Society's 2016 Colloquium Lecture honour for his proposed talk on precise measurement of thermal properties in geological materials. He is a scientific leader in geothermal energy, advancing knowledge of analysis and energy modelling for geothermal applications.
A study found that online support forums for people struggling with suicidal thoughts experience a shift in language and behavior after celebrity suicides. Redditors become more inwardly focused, posting about their own life struggles rather than seeking support from others.
Research reveals that fluctuating sea levels and global cooling led to a significant decline in the number of crocodylian species over millions of years. The study found that changes in climate had a major impact on these creatures, with many surviving only in warmer parts of the world.
Tropical Storm Ida is a somewhat shapeless system with wind shear affecting its structure. The storm is moving eastward and expected to turn northward by tonight, followed by northwestward motion.
A comprehensive report finds telecommuting can boost job satisfaction and productivity, but only when implemented carefully. Key moderating factors include employee choice, scheduling control, relationships with supervisors and coworkers, and work dependency.
Researchers have discovered that a class of experimental drugs already in clinical trials can help the body's immune system fight cancer. The drugs target a protein called Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK), which is often overproduced in tumors and enables them to evade the immune system.
A mouse model study published in PLOS Pathogens reports a causal link between prenatal malaria exposure and subsequent neurocognitive impairment in offspring. The research identifies key molecular mechanisms involved, including C5a signaling, which can be targeted to improve cognitive development.
Researchers used radiocarbon in deep-sea fossil corals to reconstruct CO2 levels and ocean circulation during the last deglaciation. The study found two massive transient events that flushed out respired carbon, causing rapid CO2 rise and abrupt warming in the North Atlantic region.
A mobile app collected data from over 150 participants, showing that a majority of people eat for 15 hours or longer. The study aimed to test whether reducing daily food intake duration impacts health and found that time-restricted feeding can lead to weight loss and improved energy levels.
Researchers aim to create a 'smellscape' to understand how critters navigate by scent and convert odors into spatial information. They will use computational modeling to simulate odor navigation processes and test their models on diverse species.
Researchers from Aalto University have developed DNA nanostructures for smart drug-delivery vehicles and molecular devices. These structures provide new applications in molecular medicine, such as targeting cancer cells with tailored payloads.
A new study finds that climate-related changes in flower diversity are causing a significant shortening of alpine bumble bees' tongues, making them poorly suited to feed from deep flowers they were adapted to. This loss of mutualism highlights how climate change can decouple well-established relationships between bees and plants.
New research questions prevailing theory on female genital cutting as a social norm, finding no correlation between community norms and cutting practices. Alternative forces like sexual fidelity benefits may sustain the practice, highlighting the need for more effective policy interventions.
Researchers have developed a molecular 'on switch' to control T cell actions in cancer therapy, allowing for sharper reduction of severe side effects. The innovation enables doctors to precisely manage immune responses using a controller drug that flips cells into an active status.
A giant magnet is now ready to drive high-energy particle experiments at Fermilab, aiming to test the Standard Model's deficiencies and discover new particles. The Muon g-2 collaboration, including the University of Washington, will conduct precise measurements using muons generated by protons.
Dr. Zhiqiang Lin has developed a technique that allows monitoring of virtual machines for invasions and viruses, bridging the semantic gap in data structures. This breakthrough has the potential to improve cloud security and protect online services from malicious intruders.
The Matchmaker Exchange platform harnesses collective data from across rare disease repositories to uncover similar symptoms and genetic profiles. By protecting patient data privacy while connecting databases through APIs, researchers can identify the genetic causes of rare diseases more efficiently.
Researchers have identified crucial metabolic genes that enable cheese-making fungi to thrive on cheese, while also raising concerns about food safety. The study provides insights into the evolutionary history of these fungi and their ability to adapt to domesticated environments.