A recent study published in ACS' Journal of Proteome Research found that snake venom protein profiles vary depending on age, gender, and diet. The researchers discovered significant differences in venom gland proteins between infant and adult snakes, as well as between males and females.
Researchers found that discovery metaphors shape people's perceptions of good ideas and creators' abilities. The 'light bulb metaphor implies sudden inspiration', while the 'seed metaphor suggests nurtured effort'. This bias affects how people perceive female inventors, with seed metaphors increasing perceptions of genius.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine identified a unique 'constrained motion' pattern in which Rad4, a repair protein, scans DNA for structural faults. This discovery could lead to therapies that enhance existing treatments and counter drug-resistance, particularly in cancer.
Hurricane Matthew regained Category 4 status with sustained winds near 140 mph and a minimum central pressure of 940 millibars. The storm is expected to cross the northwestern Bahamas today and approach the Florida coast, potentially strengthening further before landfall.
Researchers discovered a nuclear protein, EYA1, that contributes to neuroblastoma's aggression. The protein migrates to the nucleus in more aggressive forms of the disease, and its structure can be altered by inhibiting an enzyme called PRMT1.
A study found that juvenile offenders with PTSD are at a 67% greater risk of entering substance abuse treatment within seven years. The research suggests that clinicians can expect most young offenders who need treatment to have experienced serious emotional or physical trauma.
A new study suggests health-care providers support routine testing of colorectal tumors to identify individuals with Lynch Syndrome. However, there is a lack of consensus on whether patients should be allowed to opt out of the test, which could determine their risk of developing cancer.
The University of Warwick is conducting a breakthrough research project to improve the diagnosis and treatment of oral cancers in Pakistan, using digital pathology. The project will generate a repository of information about different types of cancer cells found in oral cancers, enabling pathologists to analyze samples more accurately.
Researchers at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem show for the first time how bacterial superantigen toxins work and how short peptides can block them. A novel host-oriented therapeutic approach prevents lethal immune responses, remaining effective against antibiotic-resistant strains.
Researchers at UTA have demonstrated that polyaniline, an organic semiconductor polymer, can convert carbon dioxide into alcohol fuels without a co-catalyst. This breakthrough could lead to cheaper and more energy-effective solar fuel cells.
Researchers find that birds with more complex songs perform better in rhythm and interact more skillfully with others. The study suggests that musical ability in birds may be a precursor to human music evolution.
Two studies investigate peer victimization in schools, revealing the importance of early intervention for addressing both overt and relational forms of victimization. Overt victimization is associated with higher levels of aggression and externalizing behavior, while relational victimization links to internalizing problems and a lack o...
A study of over 7,500 patients with invasive breast cancer found that tamoxifen therapy significantly reduced the risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. The risk was highest among those using tamoxifen for four years or more, with a 66% relative reduction in CBC risk.
A new study from the University of California, Berkeley, reveals that calcium plays a major role in regulating bone growth and development. By understanding the signaling mechanisms involved, researchers hope to develop regenerative therapies for conditions such as Treacher Collins Syndrome, which can lead to dozens of surgeries during...
A new study reveals that young, hot stars ionize oxygen in the early universe, affecting galaxy evolution. The strength of doubly ionized oxygen increases with time, while singly ionized oxygen decreases after 11 billion years.
Hurricane Matthew is forecast to be a category 4 hurricane as it approaches the east coast of Florida. The storm has already made landfall in western Haiti and is moving through the Bahamas.
Researchers have successfully integrated a complete quantum optical structure on a chip using carbon nanotubes as single-photon sources. This achievement fulfills one condition for the use of photonic circuits in optical quantum computers and opens up new possibilities for ultrafast calculation and secure data encryption.
A large study of over 1.4 million women found no increased risk of breast cancer associated with night shift work, including long-term shifts. The research combined data from multiple studies and provided new insights into the topic.
Astronomers have detected superhot blobs of gas being ejected near the dying star V Hydrae, with each blob twice as massive as Mars and traveling at half-million miles per hour. The plasma balls are thought to be launched by an unseen companion star in an elliptical orbit, shedding new light on planetary nebulae.
A new study identifies rapid changes in social norms that can lead to significant behavioral shifts, such as a shift from smoking indoors to outdoors. The researchers suggest that understanding these tipping points can inform policies aimed at reducing pollution and promoting sustainability.
A Clemson University scientist is studying how alterations in a complex brain pathway cause neurological disorders like autism and epilepsy. The researcher aims to determine the role of amino acid transporters in brain development.
Graphene reacts with formic acid in a water solution upon irradiation with visible light, producing hydrogenated graphene. This environmentally friendly method has potential applications in fields such as hydrogen storage and electronics.
Scientists from TUM discovered that pancreatic cancer cells create a 'niche' in the liver to grow and spread at an exceptionally early stage. This is facilitated by the protein TIMP1, which interacts with hepatic stellate cells to activate them and initiate metastasis.
Studies suggest that population commitment, physician implication, and reassurance in screening can improve participation rates. A patient-centred approach in Australia improved screening participation by offering a combined cancer screening service. Additionally, nurse-led clinics can provide effective early diagnosis and prevention o...
Scientists discovered a molecular brake that prevents nerve fibers from regenerating, and found a drug that can trigger neuronal growth. Pregabalin treatment caused new connections to form between damaged neurons in mice with spinal cord injuries.
Researchers have discovered that a yeast gene called XRN1 rapidly evolves to recognize and destroy attacking viruses. This finding suggests that non-immunity proteins can play a role in viral defense. The study's results provide new insights into the genetic arms race between hosts and viruses.
A new study published in Frontiers in Genetics finds a significant link between mental illness and genetic risk for substance involvement. The research suggests that individuals with a genetic predisposition to mental illness are also more likely to develop problematic usage patterns of licit and illicit substances.
Researchers found that four factors - perceived competence, social interaction, novel experiences, and physical exertion - trigger positive emotions in exercise. Enjoyment is a key factor among regular exercisers, leading to increased motivation and adherence.
Researchers recommend using shorter post-discharge timeframes to accurately measure factors within a hospital's control. A five- to seven-day period is ideal, isolating the impact of hospital care from other drivers of readmissions.
A study published in Nature Medicine found that the Zika virus can rapidly infect brain and nervous tissues, and is shed in bodily fluids such as semen and urine. The research highlights the need for enhanced clinical vigilance and the rapid development of vaccines and therapies against the virus.
Researchers found that when tumor cells lack sufficient neo-epitopes, they are no longer recognized by T-cells. Epitopes require enzymatic processing for correct trimming and presentation on the cell surface.
A new study by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons found that incorporating multiple senses in physician-patient conversations improves patient comprehension of orthopaedic conditions. The study showed significant differences in understanding between groups using verbal, video, and model-based discussions.
A new study found two types of heightened Twitter discussions related to mental health, including expected increases before planned events and unexpected spikes following unanticipated events. Social media could be a valuable avenue for public health information on mental health.
A recent study found that over 67% of participants had at least one persistent pollutant at high concentrations, with 13% having 10 or more at high levels. The study also revealed a significant correlation between POP exposure and socioeconomic factors, such as race and body mass index.
A new study from Cardiff University found that climate change is unlikely to increase landslide frequency in storm-affected areas, despite projected increases in rainstorms. The research challenges current theories and highlights the importance of soil accumulation on steep hillslopes in triggering landslides.
A study by Aarhus University researchers analyzed musical themes from French, Italian, and Austro-German composers. The findings support historical musicology assumptions about national influences on European music culture, showing that North-Italian music dominated Europe during the Baroque Era.
A UC Riverside-led study found that a dwarf gecko's microscopic hairs allow it to cling to smooth surfaces, revealing the origins of gecko adhesion. The research suggests that small modifications can lead to complex adaptations, with implications for nanotechnology and biomimicry.
Tropical Storm Nicole is significantly smaller than powerful Hurricane Matthew, which is moving through the Bahamas. The storm's cloud pattern has changed little since its formation, and it holds steady just below hurricane strength as it crawls toward Bermuda.
A new study from Drexel University College of Medicine found that all organ transplant recipients, regardless of race, should receive routine total-body screenings for skin cancer. Nonwhite transplant recipients were more likely to have aggressive and deadly skin cancers due to anti-rejection medications.
Clemson University scientists are using high-tech computer modeling and experimental validation techniques to understand the molecular causes of adult-onset diabetes. They aim to develop new therapeutic approaches by studying peptide protein co-secreted with insulin in the pancreas.
A study on chimpanzees, bonobos and orangutans shows they can anticipate when someone else has a false belief. The apes' ability to grasp the concept of false beliefs is seen as a key milestone in human cognitive development.
A new therapeutic target has been identified for the treatment of compulsive binge eating, targeting the brain receptor TAAR1. Activation of this receptor shows promise in reducing maladaptive feeding behaviors and blocking addiction-like behavior to junk food.
A study in rural India shows that informal healthcare providers can improve their skills with modest levels of medical training, leading to better case management and reduced errors. The training program, which consisted of 150 hours over nine months, increased the providers' ability to develop checklists and make accurate diagnoses.
Despite previous concerns, a new review of evidence suggests that night shift work is unlikely to increase breast cancer incidence. A meta-analysis of three large UK studies and seven previously published studies found no significant association between night shift work and breast cancer risk.
A scientist at SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry has discovered that a dip in beer can sedate and immobilize tiny snails before a terminal dunk in ethyl alcohol, reducing physical distress. This humane method is similar to those used with domestic animals.
Researchers discovered that certain proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease are stored in dormant cancer cells as amyloid bodies. Disaggregation of these bodies can reactivate the cancer cells. The study identified ribosomal intergenic noncoding RNA as a target for drug discovery to prevent amyloid body disaggregation.
Researchers discovered that around one-tenth of proteins remain stable and live longer than expected as they age. This finding could explain why additional gene copies don't automatically result in more protein production.
Researchers developed a coffee-infused foam filter that can remove up to 99% of lead and mercury ions from water. The innovative system uses spent coffee grounds in a bioelastomeric foam, making it easy to handle and discard after use.
Researchers at ETH Zurich successfully assembled protein-like structures from four simple amino acids, suggesting that these molecules may have been the precursors of life. The findings support the 'amyloid hypothesis,' which proposes that ancient RNA molecules were not capable of self-replication.
Researchers have discovered that HPV16's E7 protein can suppress the body's immune response to the virus. This knowledge could lead to new therapies and ways to block cancer suppression of the immune response.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new principle to measure external forces using parametric oscillation. The discovery has advantages for small sensors, enabling the creation of extremely precise force meters.
Researchers discovered a repeat of four genes controlling resistance to soybean cyst nematode and developed an assay to quantify gene repeats. This new method improves breeding programs by selecting for more copies of the gene sequence, potentially leading to stronger resistance.
An international study led by KU Leuven found that climate change is increasing the frequency of hazardous thunderstorms over Lake Victoria at night. The lake's unique atmospheric circulation, fueled by warm land breezes and evaporative cooling, creates a hotspot for storm activity.
Researchers identified genes that control cellular senescence, a process that permanently arrests cell growth. These findings have potential applications for creating new anticancer drugs and developing anti-aging products.
Researchers at Indiana University have discovered a new molecular structure with potential applications in reducing nuclear and agricultural waste. The 'supramolecule,' which consists of two negatively charged ions, could be used to remove sulfate ions from nuclear waste storage processes and extract harmful phosphate ions from the env...
Researchers are exploring the connection between Johne's disease in cattle and Crohn's disease in humans. The study found that MAP-infected cows share symptoms with Crohn's patients, including thickened intestines, diarrhea, and low protein absorption.
A review of the current knowledge on the causes of type 2 diabetes and obesity reveals a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The study highlights the importance of epigenomic changes, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, in modulating gene expression and disease risk.
Researchers used satellite imagery and vaccination records to estimate population size and optimize vaccination coverage. The study showed that timing vaccination campaigns with predictable population peaks can improve coverage, especially in areas with limited access to health services.
A rapid blood test using C-reactive protein (CRP) can rule out serious infections in nearly 40% of 'at-risk' children. The test reduces unnecessary hospital referrals and anxiety for less seriously ill children.
Efficient organic solar cells have been created using a non-fullerene material, achieving high energy efficiency rates of up to 9.5%. This breakthrough indicates that the intrinsic limitations of organic solar cells are comparable to other photovoltaic technologies, paving the way for commercialization.