A mathematical model suggests that alternating between erlotinib and evofosfamide could help prevent drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer patients. This treatment schedule is more effective than using either drug alone, according to a study published in PLOS Computational Biology.
A recent survey of US adolescents found that most teens vape for flavorings rather than nicotine in e-cigarettes. The study suggests that efforts to curb vaping among teens focusing on nicotine may be ineffective and that alternative approaches may be more effective.
Researchers found that rats' memories of reaching a reward play forward and backward in their hippocampus. The number of reverse replays rose with the size of the reward, while forward replays remained constant, suggesting different roles for each form of fast-motion simulation.
Researchers at Boston College have developed a nanoscale wireless communication system that operates at visible wavelengths using surface plasmons with unprecedented control. The device achieves in-plane configuration and enables high-speed communication, potentially speeding up transmission by up to 60%.
Scientists have identified a specific group of neurons in the mouse hypothalamus that acts as the internal thermostat, regulating core body temperature. These neurons express the ion channel TRPM2 and limit excessive temperature rise in response to infection or trauma.
Scientists at Joslin Diabetes Center have identified a new molecular pathway that may offer targets for drugs to strengthen angiogenesis and improve blood vessel growth in type 2 diabetes. The study found that CITED2 expression is increased in endothelial cells from patients with diabetes, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target.
A recent study published in Cell found that gamma delta T cells prevent tumor-fighting immune cells from attacking pancreatic tumors. This infighting makes immunotherapy less effective, with only 8% of people surviving five years after diagnosis.
A new study found that children with a history of food allergy are more likely to develop asthma and allergic rhinitis, with rates roughly doubling in those with peanut, milk, and egg allergies. The study analyzed data from over 1 million urban and suburban children.
Researchers identified a critical role for stem cells in cancer formation and found that specific organs are more susceptible due to high wear and tear. The study suggests behaviors like smoking or UV exposure increase the risk of developing cancer.
A survey of 122 people found that men with hair transplants were rated as more youthful, attractive, successful, and approachable compared to those without. Hair loss was associated with a negative perception of attractiveness.
Researchers developed a new biomaterial to examine how stem cells perceive their environment's mechanical properties. The study found that manipulating this perception could control stem cell differentiation and promote regenerative therapies for musculoskeletal disorders.
Typhoon Lionrock intensified as it passed over the western edge of its eye, with GPM measuring intense storms and rainfall rates exceeding 222 mm/hour. The typhoon's wind speeds increased to 126.6 mph, making it a category three on the Saffir-Simpson scale.
Researchers discovered how lung's immune environment enables cancer to spread to the organ. Blocking oxygen-sensing proteins may enhance T-cell responses against cancer and limit metastasis.
A new research consortium is working on developing a network architecture and technologies for secure and flexible distributed data centers. The goal is to take computing and storage capacities closer to end-users, addressing the increasing demand for data centers.
School nurses play a critical role in identifying and preventing digital dating violence, which can involve harassment, stalking, or controlling a partner via technology and social media. The American Association of School Nurses emphasizes the importance of conversation about healthy relationships, safe internet use, and online behavior.
A new multicomponent virus, Guaico Culex, has been found to infect animals, a finding that challenges existing assumptions about viral transmission. The virus was isolated from mosquitoes and belongs to the Jingmenvirus group, which was previously thought to infect only plants and fungi.
A study found that nearly nine out of ten physicians and researchers who developed leading cancer care guidelines in the US reported financial ties to the pharmaceutical and medical device industries. The majority of payments were within limits set by the NCCN, but eight guideline authors exceeded them.
A recent Field Museum study using comparative genomic analysis has challenged the long-standing Red Queen Theory by revealing that mutualistic ant species evolve at a higher rate than their non-mutualistic counterparts. This discovery suggests that these species face an additional selective pressure due to their symbiotic relationships.
Researchers at National Institute for Physiological Sciences have discovered that microglia, immune cells in the brain, directly contact neurons to form new connections and strengthen brain connectivity. This finding could deepen understanding of developmental disorders such as autism and schizophrenia.
Physicists at UTA have been awarded a grant to upgrade the software running on the Titan supercomputer to support data-heavy scientific applications. The new system, Big PanDA, will improve operational efficiencies and enable efficient use of computing resources for a wider range of scientific applications.
Plant biologists discovered how sunflowers use their internal circadian clocks to follow the sun during the day as they grow, acting on growth hormones. The plants' ability to track the sun was disrupted when staked or turned away from the sun, and continued even in an indoor growth chamber with a fixed light source.
A genome-wide association study identified genetic variants that contribute to the formation of healthy facial traits, including nose size and face width. The study confirmed previous findings and provided insights into the role genes play in facial development.
A team of scientists engineered protein-shelled nanostructures called gas vesicles to exhibit properties useful for ultrasound technologies. The modified gas vesicles were shown to produce distinct signals, target specific cell types, and help create color ultrasound images.
A recent study published in Radiology documents brain abnormalities associated with congenital Zika infection, revealing significant reductions in brain tissue volume and enlarged ventricles. The research team analyzed pre- and post-natal images of fetuses and newborns in 45 confirmed and presumed cases of Zika virus.
A new study reveals how a cell surface molecule controls T-cell entry into the thymus, offering hope for immunotherapeutic targeting in cancer patients. The research found that stimulating Lymphotoxin beta receptor can enhance initial thymus recovery and boost transplant-derived T-cells.
Researchers successfully cultured norovirus in human intestinal cells, a breakthrough that could lead to the development of novel therapeutics and vaccines against this debilitating virus. The study, supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, sheds light on the molecular mechanisms behind norovirus infection.
UCSB neuroscientist Kenneth Kosik advocates for fundamental cell biology research into neurodegeneration, which may accelerate understanding of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. He argues that basic science provides a foundation for treatments beyond single diseases and early detection.
A randomized controlled trial tested the effectiveness of a teenage pregnancy prevention programme involving an infant simulator and found it did not reduce the risk of pregnancy. In fact, the study showed that teenage girls who took part were more likely to become pregnant compared to those who did not take part.
A study in Kenya found that a simple voucher system can significantly reduce health product wastage without a significant decrease in usage. The system was more effective than charging money or free distribution in screening out those who would not use the products.
A study published in Cell found that Zika virus can replicate in the vaginal tissue of pregnant mice several days after infection, potentially leading to dire consequences for reproduction. The researchers also detected Zika virus in the fetal brains of infected mice, associated with fetal weight loss.
Researchers from Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin investigated whether earlier response time leads to improved prognosis. Patients who received thrombolysis during transfer were less likely to have a disability three months after their stroke.
NASA's Aqua satellite analyzed Tropical Depression 13E with its Atmospheric Infrared Sounder instrument, indicating strengthening thunderstorms and cold cloud tops. The depression is expected to continue strengthening over the next couple of days, potentially becoming a hurricane.
A study published in Frontiers found that social media can unite disaster victims during recovery efforts by disseminating critical information and fostering a sense of community. The platform provides a personalized resource for individuals, enabling them to connect with others who share similar experiences.
Researchers discovered a protein that prevents delta opioid receptors from responding normally to opioids, but exposure to bradykinin restores their function. This finding could lead to the development of safer, more effective opioids for chronic pain treatment.
Scientists developed a reductionist approach to HIV vaccine design by engineering broadly neutralizing antibodies with minimized rare features. The resulting antibodies retained their specificity for HIV while exhibiting excellent neutralization breadth, offering promising leads for HIV vaccine development.
A team of University of Toronto scientists has discovered a way to convert gaseous carbon dioxide into energy-rich fuel in a carbon-neutral cycle. Silicon nanocrystals meet the criteria for a highly active and selective catalyst, making them an efficient material for harvesting sunlight and converting CO2 into fuel.
A clinical trial has shown that metformin can promote a patient's ability to repair their own damaged blood vessels by increasing vascular stem cells. This could lead to improved treatment options for Type 1 diabetes patients at risk of developing heart disease.
New research finds that men are more open to purchasing environmental products if their masculinity is boosted through branding. The study used various approaches, including affirming masculinity and changing product associations, to demonstrate the effectiveness of rebranding green products as masculine.
A collaborative clinical trial will test the safety and efficacy of combination checkpoint inhibitors in treating children with brain tumors. The trial aims to reduce toxicities associated with standard treatments and improve long-term survival rates.
A group of researchers calls for an overhaul of the US process for reviewing coverage of 'off-label' cancer drug use. They found inconsistencies in the five reference guides used to determine reimbursement and weak quality evidence supporting some off-label uses.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have developed a new radio technology called Braidio that allows small mobile devices to offload energy consumption to larger devices, potentially extending battery life hundreds of times. This technology enables proportional sharing of power between devices, reducing the size and weight of wearable devices.
A tropical wave is bringing heavy rainfall and gusty winds to islands in the Atlantic Ocean and northeastern Caribbean Sea. The National Hurricane Center predicts that the system could develop into a tropical depression, posing danger to the Bahamas and southeastern United States.
A new study reveals that amphetamine pollution in urban streams stunts biofilm growth, changes bacterial and diatom communities, and speeds up aquatic insect emergence. The research highlights the need for innovations in wastewater management to mitigate the effects of pharmaceutical and illicit drug pollution on freshwater resources.
AlphaGo, a computer program, defeated an 18-time world champion of Go by integrating data-driven AI approaches and recognizing game patterns
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute have discovered a previously unknown protein, SETDB2, that helps the liver adapt to fasting states. This protein is increased during times of fasting and alters the genome to turn on genes needed for energy storage.
Increasing nitrogen concentrations significantly impact purslane's carotenoid and chlorophyll content. Researchers found that higher nitrogen levels increased chlorophyll and beta-carotene levels in the plant.
Researchers found that even slight deviations from the ideal crystal structure significantly alter the display of the magnetocaloric effect. The study revealed previously unknown features of phase transition and deepened understanding of the causes of the giant MCE.
A recent study published in PLOS Genetics identified two genes associated with human facial size and found additional candidates for genes affecting facial shape. The research used a genome-wide association study on an African population, providing new insights into the genetic basis of normal human facial variation.
A team of researchers from North Carolina State University identified serious security vulnerabilities in the iOS operating system, which can be exploited by third-party apps. These vulnerabilities include bypassing privacy settings, accessing location search history, and inferring sensitive information.
Researchers at Hiroshima University discovered that lobsters wrap their feces in protective membranes to prevent jellyfish stingers from injecting venom. This finding advances efforts for sustainable lobster aquaculture and informs the development of artificial food for farmed lobsters.
Researchers found that activating cannabinoid signaling increases activity in retinal ganglion cells, allowing tadpoles to detect dimmer objects in low light. This discovery challenges previous understanding of cannabinoids' role in vision and provides a potential mechanism for their therapeutic use.
Researchers at UNIST have developed a new synthetic method to design and synthesize bioactive compounds and chemical tools for pharmacological studies. This breakthrough improves the scientific basis for drug discovery by understanding biochemical mechanisms for diseases.
A study reviewed 20 research papers on deception in groups, revealing that collective interviews are used in only a third of investigations. This highlights the need for new methods to detect deception, as individualized interviews can be manipulated by suspects with prepared scripts.
Researchers found that rats replay sequences in reverse when rewarded, suggesting the brain links rewards to paths. This mechanism may aid humans in recalling important details about their surroundings.
Researchers have discovered that flexible molecules can bind more effectively to proteins causing diseases like breast cancer. This finding could lead to the development of more effective pharmaceutical drugs. By maintaining molecular flexibility, scientists may be able to create stronger bindings with disease-causing proteins.
Researchers have made a breakthrough discovery on the structure of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU), a membrane gateway that regulates calcium uptake. The study reveals that MCU activity is vital to calcium homeostasis and cell survival, and that it can be modulated through small molecule development.
Researchers developed a predictive tool to assess future SCD risk among the general population. Key findings include traditional risk factors like smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes, and specific SCD-related predictors and biomarkers.
Researchers found that blocking calcium entry into mitochondria impaired memory, but allowed for learning in fruit flies. The study suggests a developmental role for mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex in regulating adult memory.
A recent study challenges the assumption that biofuels are carbon neutral, finding a net increase in CO2 emissions from their use in the US. The research suggests that crop-based biofuels like corn ethanol and biodiesel offer only modest reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.
A study by Stanford Medicine researchers found that many Egyptian women are still seeking doctors' advice on female genital cutting, a practice with severe health risks. Despite being illegal in Egypt, physicians are legitimizing the procedure, perpetuating the problem.