Gaston became a hurricane on Aug. 25 with maximum sustained winds of 75 mph, but heavy rain rates of around 50 mm/h were occurring near the center due to southwesterly wind shear. The storm's trajectory is expected to shift northwestward over the next several days as it battles strong environmental wind shear.
Researchers are exploring the practical uses of rainbows in weather forecasting and combustion engine efficiency. A comprehensive review highlights the importance of simulating rainbows using mathematical modeling. The study also provides tips for capturing rainbows on camera, making them a rare and special phenomenon.
Researchers at Salk Institute created a comprehensive map of the striatum, a lesser-known brain structure that controls movement. The study reveals how patch and matrix neurons coordinate diverse functions, shedding light on long-standing questions about neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's.
Neuroene Therapeutics is using the Phase I STTR grant to help further develop a novel class of compounds for treating epilepsy. The company aims to provide a new generation of anti-seizure drugs that can effectively control seizures in patients with limited success from current treatments.
A study identified a gene that appears to curb coffee consumption in people with a specific DNA variation. Those with the PDSS2 gene tend to drink fewer cups of coffee due to their cells' reduced ability to break down caffeine, resulting in a longer-lasting caffeine effect.
A team of Duke scientists used DNA-sequencing and computerized biology to study the glucocorticoid receptor's signaling system. They found that only 13% of binding sites directly respond to hormones, while the remaining 87% act as clusters that amplify signals.
A new study from University of Michigan researchers found that biofuels like ethanol and biodiesel increase, rather than decrease, heat-trapping carbon dioxide emissions. The study analyzed U.S. crop-production data and found that only 37% of the CO2 emissions due to biofuel combustion were offset by the CO2 uptake by crops.
Researchers discovered that the shape and dimensions of graphene nano-bubbles provide information on its elastic strength and interaction with substrates. The balloons can be created intentionally to make tiny pressure machines capable of withstanding enormous pressures.
A study of 204,186 people across 46 low- and middle-income countries found that low physical activity is associated with a diagnosis of psychosis, particularly among males. However, psychotic-like symptoms without a diagnosis are not linked to inactivity.
The NSF has awarded $55 million to 11 institutions to build research capacity on pressing issues like the brain, energy, and water. These collaborative projects foster innovation, train a STEM workforce, and develop new tools for neuroscience and sustainable systems.
A new device developed by MIT and Connecticut Children's Medical Center could significantly improve doctors' ability to accurately diagnose ear infections. The shortwave infrared instrument can penetrate deeper into the tissues of the ear than existing otoscopes, revealing buildups of fluid behind the eardrum more clearly.
Researchers have developed a new drug delivery system that uses lower doses of chemotherapeutic drugs at more frequent intervals to control tumors. The approach, called metronomic dosage regimen, shows promise in improving treatment outcomes for complex cancers.
Researchers have identified a crucial protein complex in hematopoiesis, the process of creating healthy blood cells. MED12 mutations are linked to several cancers, including leukemia and prostate cancer. Deleting this protein complex disrupts blood cell growth and leads to cancer.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a new method for producing metal antimony using electricity, which could lead to more efficient and environmentally friendly metal production systems. The process uses electrolysis to separate the metal from a compound, reducing pollution and energy costs.
New research boosts levels of neuregulin-1 to alleviate hallmark features of Alzheimer's disease in a mouse model, promoting metabolism of brain plaques. The study suggests that neuregulin-1 may improve performance on spatial memory tests and lower cellular markers of disease.
University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers discover the importance of symmetry in creating functional collagen fibers outside the body. The study uses symmetry to grow long, stable collagen fibers that mimic those found in nature, offering potential breakthroughs for biomaterials and nanotechnology.
Researchers at UC Riverside developed an economic model that shows how flexible treatment processes can create a water supply that is affordable and benefits crops. The model demonstrates the potential of blending wastewater to produce irrigation water suitable for various crops, reducing fertilizer costs and increasing affordability.
A new test is required to evaluate the quality and safety of sunglasses, which can deteriorate over time due to UV exposure. The current standard relies on a aging test that simulates 50 hours of sun exposure, but this may not accurately reflect real-world conditions.
Researchers will analyze 64 interviews with speakers from eight Southern states using computer software to identify variations in spoken language. The goal is to provide a database of Southern speech patterns that can be used for industrial applications.
Researchers at Caltech develop efficient synthesis route for ryanodol, a key intermediate on the path to producing the insecticide ryanodine. The new method reduces reaction steps by five, enabling faster production of the molecule. This breakthrough also opens up possibilities for studying biological function and developing new drugs.
A new study from Nationwide Children's Hospital found that nearly 70% of children with significant burns treated in low-volume hospitals were released without being transferred to a burn center. The researchers argue that current guidelines may be too broad and need clarification.
Researchers at Columbia University Medical Center have captured images of the vitamin A transporter protein STRA6 using electron microscopy. The images revealed that STRA6 transports vitamin A through an intermediary protein, providing new insights into cellular function and potentially leading to the development of therapeutic targets.
Researchers detected S wave microseisms, a rare phenomenon, triggered by a distant North Atlantic storm. The discovery provides new insights into the Earth's internal structure and may contribute to more accurate detection of earthquakes and oceanic storms.
Researchers at the University of Missouri found that exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals from hydraulic fracturing may harm fertility in animals and potentially people. Mice exposed to drilling chemicals had lower levels of key hormones related to reproductive health, leading to reduced fertility.
A large systematic study confirms the crucial contribution of stem cells to cancer origins in different organs. The study reveals that only cells with stem cell activity make cancer, and damage to tissues can 'wake up' sleeping stem cells, increasing cancer risk.
The National Science Foundation has awarded $110 million to XSEDE to expand its services and support for advanced computational and data-enabled research. XSEDE will continue to provide services to over 6,000 scientists and engineers while adding innovative elements in response to evolving user demands.
A new study finds that earlier snowmelt periods hinder forest carbon regulation, reducing CO2 uptake by 45% by mid-century. Earlier snowmelt also affects streamflow, agriculture, and recreational opportunities in the western US.
Researchers at FSU discovered a berkelium borate compound and complex molecule, providing insights into the element's structure and chemical similarities to surrounding elements. The study also sheds light on berkelium's unique electronic properties.
Researchers at Uppsala University have shown that disrupting fear-memories can improve exposure therapy for arachnophobia. This method, known as reconsolidation disruption, makes the memory unstable and then saves it in a weakened form.
Researchers using Navy data reveal a vast reef system behind the Great Barrier Reef, spanning over 6,000 square kilometers. The discovery of Halimeda bioherms, large reef-like structures formed by calcified algae segments, raises questions about their vulnerability to climate change.
A recent study has disentangled the impact of the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption on global mean sea level trends. The research reveals that the eruption effectively distorted calculations of sea level rise in subsequent decades, masking the acceleration caused by climate change.
Researchers exposed mice to 23 fracking chemicals, finding altered hormone levels and ovarian development. The study suggests adverse reproductive outcomes in animals and potentially people.
A new mouse model reveals Zika virus can replicate for extended periods in the vagina, leading to brain infection and growth restriction. Researchers also investigate potential blocking methods using the interferon pathway.
Scientists have identified a new multicomponent virus called Guaico Culex virus (GCXV) that can infect animals but not mammals. The discovery highlights the diversity of host ranges among viruses and underscores the need for continued research to better prepare for emerging diseases.
Researchers from Case Western Reserve University identified structurally abnormal genes in esophageal adenocarcinoma, which could serve as potential indicators of aggressive esophageal adenocarcinoma. The study found gene fusions that were highly associated with poorer patient survival and may aid tumor development.
Scientists at KU Leuven have developed a new cocktail of biological pesticides and synthetic predator cues that kills mosquitoes more efficiently and sustainably. The combination triggers a stress response in mosquitoes, impairing their immune system and reducing the spread of diseases.
Tropical Depression 14W was absorbed by System 92W, with maximum sustained winds near 23 mph, moving north-northeast at 33.3 mph. The system is located near Iwo To Island, Japan, and will track northwestward
Researchers at University of Oxford discover 'hitchhiking' effect of anti-HIV drugs on human metalloprotease, causing premature ageing. The mass spectrometry technique reveals unexpected binding of lopinavir, ritonavir and amprenavir to prelamin A protein.
A study has determined that anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) is an effective and sustainable method for controlling weeds and nematodes in fresh-market tomatoes. ASD was found to provide comparable or higher fruit quality and mineral content compared to traditional chemical soil fumigation methods.
A new study published in JAMA Oncology found that 86% of National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guideline authors had at least one reported financial conflict of interest. The study revealed significant payments to guideline authors, with an average of $10,011 for general payments and $236,066 for industry research payments.
Researchers discovered a procedure to restore defective graphene oxide structures, leading to the formation of highly crystalline graphene films with excellent band-like transport. The method involves applying high-temperature reduction treatment in an ethanol environment, resulting in a carrier mobility of ~210 cm2/Vs.
A Dartmouth Institute-led team is developing a universal electronic medical record (EMR) toolkit to predict hospital readmission risk. The toolkit will integrate with existing EMRs to monitor and measure risk of readmission, focusing on patients at highest risk, particularly those hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have successfully grown human noroviruses in laboratory cultures of human intestinal epithelial cells by adding bile to the cultures. This breakthrough allows researchers to explore and develop procedures to prevent and treat infection, as well as better understand norovirus biology.
A new study suggests that cancer in sub-Saharan Africa is linked to malaria and Epstein-Barr virus, particularly in children born to mothers with malaria during pregnancy. This increased risk of infection may lead to early exposure and a weakened immune system, making it harder for the body to manage the virus.
Scientists at HKUST discover how PSD proteins form in living cells via phase-transition, revealing a possible answer to the long-standing question of PSD formation. The study also found that defects in these proteins can alter synaptic signaling activity and contribute to brain disorders.
Researchers analyze data from a survey of Gulf Coast residents to understand how their perceptions of hurricane threat vary depending on their gender, belief in climate change, and recent experience. The study found that those who have recently experienced severe hurricanes are more likely to perceive the increasing violence of storms.
The world population is projected to reach 9.9 billion by 2050, with significant regional differences, including Africa's population doubling and Europe experiencing declines. The population of the United States is expected to rise by 23 percent to 398 million.
A large-scale migrant cohort study found that being born in Israel significantly increases the risk of nodular sclerosis HL, with elevated risks also observed among women, those born more recently, and taller stature. The study suggests exposure to unidentified elements of the Israeli environment may contribute to the disease's etiology.
Researchers found that people are biased towards team members physically located with them, making it harder for remote workers to be seen as leaders. To avoid power struggles and communication issues, companies should ensure leaders are either physically located with the majority of the team or everyone is telecommuting.
Researchers identified Mp1p as a key virulence factor in Talaromyces marneffei, allowing it to survive in macrophages and cause disease. The protein's homologs were also found to contribute to pathogenicity, highlighting a potential target for treatment.
A team of researchers discovered that chaperones have two classes, each identifying distinct types of hydrophobic amino acid sequences. These sequences can form hazardous clumps in the cell if not eliminated rapidly. The study sheds light on molecular quality control and has implications for biotechnological protein production.
Researchers from the University of Sheffield and The Met Office have identified factors influencing the Atlantic jet stream, potentially leading to more accurate seasonal forecasting. Up to 35% variability in the jet stream's shift may be predictable, offering a significant advance in climate prediction.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University aim to understand the role of intestinal innate immunity in Crohn's disease. They will investigate how mice develop experimental Crohn's disease and replicate these findings in humans, with the goal of developing new medications and treatments to cure the devastating ailment.
Two studies find high levels of perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) in the blood of African crocodiles and American alligators, suggesting exposure to long-lived industrial chemicals. PFAA levels were higher at sites with past use of firefighting foams, indicating potential environmental contamination.
Researchers have developed a live-cell-imaging-based system that reveals the molecular and biomechanical mechanisms of Lyme disease bacteria's ability to spread through blood vessels. The study found that BBK32 plays a crucial role in stabilizing bacterial-vascular interactions, and bacteria use bungee-cord-like tethers to move along e...
Research on the southern pied babbler reveals that dominant males preferentially treat their biological sons, while alienating their stepsons, which may have evolved as a survival strategy. This behavior has significant impacts on group dynamics and cooperative breeding habits.
A University of Utah study contradicts traditional expectations by finding that surpluses of men are associated with higher levels of marriage, relationship commitment and paternal involvement. This challenges the prevailing notion that an abundance of single men lead to outcomes of crime, violence and broken homes.
Scientists warn that global warming signals are masked by random weather variations, but expect increased snowfall in Antarctica due to higher moisture levels. The study concludes that the human influence on Antarctic surface mass balance will become detectable within the next few decades.
Patients with moderate to severe psoriasis have similar coronary calcification as those with type 2 diabetes, both five times higher than in healthy controls. Early cardiovascular risk assessment is recommended for those with psoriasis due to increased atherosclerosis risk.
Polytechnique Montréal researchers develop nanorobotic agents that guide microscopic robots through blood vessels to deliver drugs directly to cancer cells. This breakthrough offers hope for patients with brain tumors and inoperable cancers.