Research by Salk Institute scientists reveals phaseic acid's unexpected role as a plant hormone crucial for drought resistance and survival traits. The study suggests that phaseic acid may inform the development of new, hardier crops to weather climate change-induced natural disasters.
Researchers found that bilirubin supplementation significantly decreased islet cell death after isolation and nutrient deprivation. The study also showed that bilirubin suppressed the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which are foreign cell-fighting immune cells.
A researcher at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso is on a mission to identify genes that enable HIV latentness. He plans to conduct genome-wide knockout screening to find specific genes that allow the virus to persist.
Researchers have successfully treated an experimental model of Alzheimer's disease with mefenamic acid, a commonly used anti-inflammatory drug. The study found complete reversal of memory loss and brain inflammation in mice, paving the way for human trials.
Researchers developed a brain-machine interface to help paraplegic patients regain motor function and sensation in their paralyzed limbs. After a year of training, patients showed significant improvements in bladder and bowel control, cardiovascular function, and even reduced hypertension.
A team of researchers created a highly stretchable touchpad made of hydrogel, enabling users to write words and play electronic games. The device was tested with users placing it on their arms, demonstrating its potential applications in wearable technology.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found that cold plasma can promote bone formation by enhancing cell/matrix attachments and increasing focal adhesion kinase activation. The study suggests that the technology could be used to improve bone healing in various medical applications.
A new study has identified a high prevalence of estrogen receptor mutations in patients with metastatic breast cancer, which are linked to poorer outcomes. The research found that 29 percent of patients had a mutation in the estrogen receptor, leading to reduced overall survival rates.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to investigate the impact of spatial structure on cooperation evolution. The study found that lattices can hinder cooperation, contrary to previous pairwise interaction-based theories.
Young men in Britain are turning to gym culture as a way to feel valuable, as traditional routes to success have been eroded by austerity. This phenomenon, known as 'spornosexuality', is marked by the sharing of worked-out bodies on social media platforms.
A new study found that individuals in Chicago who received temporary financial assistance were 76% less likely to enter a shelter. The researchers also found that subgroups such as single adults, males, and callers under 30 benefited most from the financial assistance.
Scientists have described a new species of earth snake from the mountains of Puebla and Veracruz in east-central Mexico. Genetic data and anatomical examination reveal that these snakes are remarkably similar to each other, but molecular analyses and rigorous specimen examination have come close to understanding their diversity.
A study by University of Notre Dame researchers found that emergency financial assistance from call centers successfully prevents homelessness. The study showed that people who received aid were 76% less likely to enter a shelter within six months compared to those who did not receive aid.
Researchers have found that AGGF1 promotes therapeutic angiogenesis through autophagy, increasing the number of mice that survive after acute heart attacks. Treatment with AGGF1 also improves cardiac functions and reduces scarring in the heart.
Researchers are developing 3D printed tissues, including skin, bone, cartilage, and bladder models. Organs-on-a-chip systems mimic human tissue structure and function, allowing for the study of physiological differences and drug screening.
Researchers analyzed thousands of insect species records to find areas of endemism, where unique animals and plants reside. The study highlights the importance of considering smaller organisms like insects when categorizing ecosystems.
Researchers have discovered the DNA of a fungus that causes black Sigatoka disease in bananas, which could lead to more effective disease control methods. The findings provide insights into the interaction between the fungus and banana plants, offering opportunities for developing resistant banana crops.
A new cost-effectiveness tool provides guidance on preventing and treating rheumatic heart disease, recommending prioritization of primary prevention services. The tool suggests that prevention is more cost-effective than treatment, with primary prevention being likely to be cost-saving in the long-term.
The new guidelines recommend comprehensive management of TB, including directly observed therapy, for all TB patients. Prompt initiation of anti-retroviral therapy during TB treatment can save lives.
Researchers found brain activity patterns varied with brain region and circadian rhythms, affecting performance and psychiatric symptoms. The study sheds light on why shift workers struggle to concentrate and why sleep loss impacts attention.
Plant scientists found that the cucumber mosaic virus alters gene expression in tomato plants, changing their scent to attract bumblebees. This indirect manipulation may help the virus spread pollen of susceptible plants, benefiting both the plant and the virus.
A new study reveals that beach salinity is increasing due to evaporation, affecting invertebrates such as mussels and crabs. The findings suggest that temperature rise and relative humidity are the primary drivers of this change, with implications for animal migration and survival.
The project aims to investigate the effectiveness of giving communities access to low-cost portable air pollution monitoring devices in improving air quality and addressing environmental justice concerns. The researchers will educate adults, facilitate cross-community collaboration, and encourage beneficial policy decisions.
A new review suggests that reducing the alcohol content of beer or other drinks could lower blood alcohol levels in drinkers, leading to fewer injuries and chronic diseases. The researchers found no evidence that drinkers can distinguish between beers of different strengths, making weaker beer a viable alternative.
Researchers found that seawalls higher than 5 meters reduce damage and death from tsunamis, while coastal forests also play a protective role. The analysis showed a significant decrease in destruction rates with increased seawall height and a reduced risk of death and destruction in areas with extensive coastal forest coverage.
Researchers have discovered liquid methane-filled canyons hundreds of meters deep with walls as steep as ski slopes etched into Titan's surface. The findings provide the first direct evidence of these features and could give scientists insights into Titan's origins and similar geologic processes on Earth.
A novel PET radiotracer called Martinostat has been developed to image epigenetic activity in the human brain. The tracer reveals patterns of uptake consistent with histone deacetylase (HDAC) expression levels, providing insights into gene regulation and potential therapies for brain disorders.
Scientists at IPC PAS have developed a new method to produce zinc oxide quantum dots with an impermeable shell, allowing them to retain their luminescence. This breakthrough enables the creation of stable and non-toxic quantum dots suitable for medical diagnosis and imaging.
Researchers discovered rare genetic variations in the ABCB6 gene, which is associated with severe porphyria symptoms. The variants were more common in patients with life-threatening symptoms and improved understanding of potential treatments.
A study published in Annals of Surgery found that postoperative delirium leads to lesser functional recovery in older adults. The study, which followed participants for 18 months, showed that those who developed delirium experienced more significant decline in physical function after surgery.
Scientists have developed a technique to convert diabetic foot ulcer cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which can be used to study new therapeutic approaches and develop disease models. This breakthrough has significant implications for the treatment of non-healing chronic wounds.
A new study reveals that greenhouse gases are already accelerating sea level rise, but the impact was initially masked by the massive 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption. The study finds that removing the eruption's cooling effect from satellite records shows a clear acceleration in sea level rise over time.
A study found that having depressed parents and grandparents increases the risk of depression in grandchildren, with a threefold increased risk when both generations are affected. This suggests early intervention may be beneficial for families with a history of depression.
A study found that patients taking more medications before surgery and those with a history of smoking had greater long-term weight loss after gastric bypass. Preoperative insulin use was also associated with improved weight loss outcomes.
Stressed-out birds are twice as likely to be bitten by mosquitoes that transmit West Nile virus. Researchers also found stress hormones alter mosquito reproduction, potentially affecting disease cycles in nature.
A nationwide study suggests that heavy users of partisan media outlets are more likely to hold political misperceptions. The researchers found that the use of partisan media contributes to misperceptions above and beyond the influence of partisanship itself.
Researchers found that open adoption relationships with joint storytelling of adoption can benefit the child and their adoptive parents. Adoptive parents act as gatekeepers to their adopted child's relationship with birth parents, but can try to maintain a good relationship despite challenges.
Researchers found that a specific gene mutation linked to impulsive behavior also protects carriers from obesity and insulin resistance, which are risk factors for type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that lower testosterone levels in these individuals actually increase insulin sensitivity.
A new study found that recording smartphone videos of tooth-brushing can improve oral health care techniques, increasing accuracy and skill mastery by 8%. The study suggests using video-based monitoring apps to provide feedback from dental professionals.
Researchers create a self-healing fabric coating using squid proteins, allowing damaged areas to repair themselves. The coating has potential applications for everyday clothing and as a protective barrier against chemical and biological warfare agents.
A long-term study found that starting medication for multiple sclerosis at the earliest sign of the disease can prolong the time before a definitive diagnosis is made. Participants who received early treatment had 33% fewer diagnoses of MS, more time between relapses, and lower yearly relapse rates compared to those on delayed treatment.
Reducing ozone and fine particulate matter to protective levels could save 9,320 lives annually, reduce serious illnesses by 21,400, and decrease impacted days by 19.3 million. The study highlights the benefits of stricter standards in metropolitan areas with high air pollution concentrations.
Researchers at the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science have developed a patented technology that allows orally administered drugs to by-pass the liver. This innovation utilizes a natural nano-scale lipid transport system to deliver drugs directly into the bloodstream, increasing absorption rates and efficacy.
A study published in BMC Cancer found that the chemotherapy drug etoposide can damage developing ovaries in female fetuses, potentially affecting their fertility. Researchers exposed mouse ovaries to etoposide before follicle formation and found significant damage, leading to reduced egg supply and early menopause.
An international research team identified a signal peptide required for awn elongation in wild rice and found its dysfunction in cultivated Asian rice. The study suggests human selection pressure led to the loss of this peptide's function, resulting in awnlessness.
A new study found that many species face significantly longer wait times than initially thought, ranging from 6 months to 38 years. This delay can lead to extinction and reduced global biodiversity, contradicting the policies of the US Endangered Species Act.
Bernd Bickel's algorithm improves technical modelling of planar-rod structures for optimal stability and efficiency in manufacturing. The software has applications in art, wire sculptures, and rapid prototyping.
A recent study by Boston University School of Medicine found that US maternal mortality rates are significantly higher than previously reported, with an estimated rate of 23.8 per 100,000 live births in 2014. The study highlights the need to improve maternity care and prevent maternal deaths in the US.
The study found that patients with diabetes and solid-organ malignancies had significantly more frequent hospitalizations and multiple hospitalizations compared to those without diabetes. Hospital stay was also longer on average for diabetic patients.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University have developed an efficient approach to study ribozyme mutants, revealing key findings about the structure and properties of these RNA molecules. The study found that ribozymes are highly robust against mutations, potentially explaining their widespread presence across different forms of life.
Researchers found that surgical removal of the thymus reduced patients' muscle weakness and their need for immunosuppressive drugs. The study also showed that surgery reduced the occurrence of adverse events and allowed patients to receive lower doses of prednisone.
NIST's Rapidly Deployable Public Safety Research Platform integrates commercial technologies to enhance emergency communication systems. The platform enables over 200 local users to communicate using voice, text, instant messages, video, and data, with a range of approximately 4 kilometers.
Dr. Barker's groundbreaking research on transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has revolutionized the field of neuroscience, enabling precise and pain-free brain stimulation. His invention has opened up new avenues for understanding brain function and treating neurological and psychiatric conditions.
Researchers analyzed teeth of 20 Kilkenny Union workhouse residents, finding prolonged nutritional stress due to famine during childhood. The study suggests that incremental dentine collagen isotope analysis may identify periods of physiological stress like famine in adult and juvenile skeletons.
Research reveals that brief exposures to low concentrations of crude oil can cause deadly deformities in developing haddock. The study found that haddock eggs are particularly vulnerable to oil compounds, leading to extreme craniofacial deformities and compromising their survival.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia have identified the genetic profile of the toughest part of the flax plant's stem, which is prone to causing damage to farm equipment. This breakthrough could lead to the development of tougher flax straw for use in paper and plastics production.
A new study suggests that Child Protective Services (CPS) caseworkers may need to use a more all-encompassing approach to improve how they respond to cases of chronic neglect. The researchers found that families with chronic neglect often have multiple significant stressors, including extreme poverty and parental substance abuse. A mor...
Researchers at KIT developed tailored probes for atomic force microscopes using 3D laser lithography, enabling precise adaptation to various biological samples. The new probes can be produced in any shape and are perfectly suited for studying nanostructures in biology and engineering.
Researchers analyzed tumor biopsies from 53 melanoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors to predict treatment response. The study found that adaptive immune responses, such as killer T cells, were significantly higher in responders after treatment began.
A study published in JAMA Surgery found that major surgery patients are at a low risk of developing persistent opioid use. Out of 39,140 opioid-naive patients, only 168 continued to receive ongoing opioid prescriptions by 1 year after surgery, highlighting the low individual risk of long-term opioid use.