Robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN) has shown excellent patient outcomes compared to traditional open partial nephrectomy (OPN) for endophytic kidney tumors. The study found shorter hospital stays, lower blood loss, and fewer blood transfusions in RPN patients.
Researchers link the extinction of isolated Alaskan mammoths to a lack of access to fresh water and rising sea levels. Analysis of sediment cores reveals declining lake levels and water quality leading up to the extinction event.
A new study published in The Journal of Urology found no association between phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE-5i) and reduced risk of developing prostate cancer. PDE-5i use was also not linked to lower or higher grade cancer types.
A study found that biphenotypic primary liver carcinoma can be misclassified as hepatocellular carcinoma if only major imaging features are considered. The study suggests using a comprehensive algorithm for liver lesion assessment, such as Liver Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (LI-RADS), to accurately classify these malignancies.
The 'Ourobot' robot, developed by four bachelor students at Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, features pressure sensors in its chain segments that enable it to detect and overcome obstacles. The project is a feasibility study, focusing on basic research and exploring the potential for future applications.
Researchers from Aalborg University have developed a heat-resistant device made of tungsten and alumina layers that can absorb sunlight across a broad spectrum, enabling more efficient energy conversion. The device can operate at high temperatures and absorb light from UV to near-infrared wavelengths.
Scientists discovered 15 genome sites linked to depression in European ancestry, regulating gene expression and new neuron birth. Using crowd-sourced data, they detected weak genetic signals associated with depression, supporting a novel approach to complement traditional methods.
NASA satellites monitored Typhoon Nida's intense rainfall, reaching rates of over 3.5 inches per hour, as it approached southeastern China. The storm's height reached over 10.5 miles in some areas, posing a threat to Hong Kong.
A genomic study using a novel method has identified 15 regions of the genome linked to depression in European ancestry individuals. The study analyzed data from over 300,000 individuals and found sites associated with risk genes, including those involved in brain development.
Researchers found an association between low physical activity and a higher risk for dementia in older individuals, with regular exercise potentially leading to higher brain volumes and reduced dementia risk. The protective effect was strongest in people aged 75 and older.
Experts say psychology is key to understanding road safety and autonomous vehicle success. The event aims to reduce road trauma by sharing the latest in road safety research.
A French team of researchers discovered that acquired antibiotic-resistant plasmids rarely drop their resistant genes even when selection pressure is absent. The study, published in Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, focused on extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance.
A large study found that high animal protein intake, particularly from red meats, was associated with a higher mortality rate. In contrast, high plant protein intake was linked to a lower risk of death. The study analyzed data from over 170,000 participants and found that the association disappeared in those with a healthy lifestyle.
Drone-launched fireballs can aid in wildfire suppression and ignite prescribed burns for grassland restoration. High-intensity fires are effective in killing invasive shrubs, promoting fire-adapted grasses.
Researchers have developed iron catalysts that can diversify chiral amino acids into 21 different structures while preserving their handedness. This technology allows for the creation of modified peptides or entirely new structures, expanding the pool of unnatural chiral amino acids available to researchers.
Researchers found that early antiretroviral therapy significantly reduces total HIV DNA levels in the body, which may predict time to viral load rebound after treatment cessation. The study suggests that people with a smaller HIV reservoir size have a greater chance of achieving long-term HIV remission.
A new review explores potential antioxidant approaches for Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and other neurodegenerative diseases. Certain compounds targeting oxidative stress pathways, such as Nrf2, are being investigated.
A study by Loyola Medicine found that excessive alcohol consumption is associated with lower nitric oxide levels in the lungs, which helps protect against certain bacteria. The researchers suggest that lung doctors should consider the impact of alcohol on nitric oxide levels when interpreting test results.
Researchers at Binghamton University are developing a smartwatch application to enhance communication systems in nursing homes. The proposed design integrates existing safety systems, providing alerts to users. Studies show that using this system can reduce staff response time to alarms and improve patient safety.
Mathematical biologist Samuel Scarpino and colleagues found that replacing sick individuals with healthy ones can accelerate the spread of infection for certain diseases. The study analyzed data from two diseases, influenza and dengue, and revealed a stronger correlation between human exchange and outbreak acceleration in influenza.
Researchers develop mathematical models to mimic bird navigation in turbulent thermals, revealing key environmental cues like vertical wind acceleration and torque. The study aims to guide the design of energy-efficient autonomous gliders.
A recent study on 'The Biggest Loser' television series found that participants regained much of the weight they lost, with suppressed metabolism. Experts say a 5-15% weight loss is unlikely to lead to such large effects on metabolism and emphasize the importance of long-term lifestyle changes.
A recent study by ETH Zurich researchers found that opposing mountain ranges will experience different water balance changes due to climate change. The Juncal region in Chile is expected to become even drier, while the upper Langtang valley in Nepal may see increased water discharge due to glacier melt and increased rainfall.
Researchers found that adding anti-PCSK9 antibodies to existing treatments can significantly reduce LDL cholesterol levels in patients. The studies demonstrated a reduction in LDL cholesterol and achieved high response rates for both alirocumab and evolocumab.
Haptics researchers at Northwestern University have discovered that ultrasonic vibrations cause fingers to bounce on touchscreens, reducing friction. This phenomenon is caused by the air trapped between the finger and screen compressing and acting like a spring, allowing the finger to fall onto a cushion of air instead of the screen.
Researchers at George Washington University discovered a connection between CD4 T-cell exhaustion and CD8 T-cell exhaustion in chronic toxoplasmosis. Regulating CD4 T-cells with Blimp-1 protein expression can reverse CD8 T-cell dysfunction, leading to improved pathogen control.
Three studies published in JAACAP report that combining standard ADHD medications improves clinical outcomes, including reduced symptoms and enhanced cognitive functions. The combined therapy showed a higher rate of good clinical response and improved brain activity patterns compared to single drug therapies.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that consuming more plant-based protein was associated with a lower risk of death from all causes and cardiovascular disease. The researchers observed significant health benefits when substituting animal protein with plant protein, particularly from processed red meat.
A research group at Osaka University has clarified the molecular mechanism behind inducing germinal-center B cells to differentiate into memory B cells, a crucial step in creating effective vaccines. This breakthrough reveals that lower-affinity maturation of antigens is key to memory B cell differentiation.
The first single actuator wave-like robot (SAW) has been developed by engineers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. It can move forward or backward in a wave-like motion and climb over obstacles, reaching speeds of up to 22.5 inches per second.
A new method for making green LEDs has been developed by researchers at the University of Illinois, enhancing their efficiency and brightness. By creating gallium nitride (GaN) cubic crystals grown on a silicon substrate, the team has achieved powerful green light emission for advanced solid-state lighting.
A portable production system can manufacture a single dose of treatment from a compact device containing a small droplet of cells in a liquid. The system uses a programmable strain of yeast to express therapeutic proteins, which can be controlled by a specific chemical trigger.
Scientists discovered an abundant and diverse ecosystem on the seafloor of the Clarion-Clipperton Zone, where deep-sea mining is planned. The study found that more than half of the species collected were new to science and relied on polymetallic nodules.
Researchers at Drexel University discovered that a specific type of ceramic scaffold causes macrophages to transform into an M2c phenotype, promoting bone regeneration. Direct contact between macrophages and scaffolds is essential for this process.
A new study by NIH and its collaborators reveals that vaccination against one strain of Zika virus may be sufficient to provide protection against other genetically diverse strains. The research found that neutralizing antibodies produced in response to infection with one strain can also protect against infections caused by other strai...
The University of Utah School of Medicine's Data Coordinating Center has been awarded a $25 million grant to form one of three Trial Innovation Centers (TICs) to improve clinical research. The TICs aim to streamline trial protocols, eliminate bottlenecks, and support randomized drug trials.
The ORNL-led study develops a new method to pinpoint electrical service areas most vulnerable to climate change and predicted population growth, identifying substations at the neighborhood level. The analysis helps decision makers prepare resources needed for population movement in response to extreme weather events.
Researchers utilized Regeneration Intelligence to evaluate signaling pathways in lung and liver fibrosis and glaucoma, identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The study suggests that pathway signatures may play a role in aging-related diseases.
Computer models reveal a vast array of knots in chaotic waves, including those tabulated by mathematicians, with implications for understanding optical and acoustic landscapes
The study found that KLF12 promotes colorectal cancer (CRC) cell growth by activating early growth response protein 1 (EGR1), leading to enhanced cancer cell proliferation and survival. KLF12 and EGR1 levels synergistically correlate with poor CRC prognoses, suggesting their potential as novel therapeutic targets.
Researchers discovered a genetic link between Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) and an increased risk for seizures. LQTS patients who experienced seizures were three times more likely to have experienced seizures in the past, and had worse cardiac symptoms.
Researchers at KAIST have developed ultrathin, transparent oxide thin-film transistors that overcome previous challenges in flexible display technology. The new technology uses an inorganic-based laser lift-off method to create high-performance devices with excellent optical transparency and mobility.
A recent study found that cognitive ability is not a consistent predictor of prejudice, and that low ability only predicts prejudice towards specific liberal and unconventional groups. High ability instead tends to predict prejudice against conservative and conventional groups.
Researchers at PPPL have developed a new method that analyzes the plasma surrounding X-ray pulsars by coupling quantum mechanics with Einstein's special relativity. This technique can determine the density and field strength of the magnetosphere in greater detail than standard approaches.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have created a new approach to manufacturing mechanical metamaterials that can deform in a complex manner. This breakthrough may lead to more comfortable and user-friendly prosthetics, as well as applications in soft robotics and wearable technologies.
Researchers have discovered a novel repair system in algae that can cut out interrupting sequences from proteins, potentially leading to new biotechnological applications such as producing pharmaceuticals or protein products. The study found that chloroplast extracts and light can restore RNA-cutting activity to inactive proteins.
A new research replication project involving 24 labs and over 2100 participants failed to reproduce findings suggesting self-control is a depletable resource. The study, published in Perspectives on Psychological Science, used computerized tasks to test the ego depletion effect, but found no significant difference between conditions.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a new method to transform individual selfies by adjusting angles and distances, creating more realistic portraits. The tool can also alter poses and generate 3-D head shots, with potential applications including 'live' photos that seem to move uncannily.
A Kaiser Permanente telestroke program implemented in Southern California hospitals increased tPA administration rates to nearly 11% after implementing the program. The use of telehealth technology linked neurologists and emergency physicians, resulting in improved time-to-diagnosis and reduced bleeding complications.
Researchers found that consuming five or more servings of nuts per week lowered biomarkers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein and interleukin 6. Substituting nuts for red meat also reduced inflammatory biomarkers. The study suggests a possible mechanism by which nuts may benefit cardiometabolic health.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have devised a method to achieve static pressures vastly higher than any previously reached, using transparent nano-crystalline diamonds. This breakthrough enables the study of materials under extreme conditions, potentially leading to the discovery of new materials with unique properties.
Scientists have revealed the molecular steps that turn on bacteria's pathogenic genes by visualizing DNA supercoiling and HU protein interactions. The study found that supercoiling can trigger gene expression in single-celled prokaryotes, opening up new avenues for developing drugs to prevent or treat bacterial infections.
Researchers at Kiel University have identified natural proteins that can disrupt bacterial communication and prevent biofilm formation. These 'molecular troublemakers' have potential applications in medicine and biotechnology, particularly against antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
Aurora Pribram-Jones, a researcher at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and postdoctoral fellow at UC Berkeley, has been awarded the Howes Scholar prize. She was recognized for her outstanding scientific achievements and leadership in advancing solid-state hydrogen storage through interdisciplinary research.
A new U of T Scarborough study identified rice varieties that can reduce nitrogen waste and minimize environmental pollution. The research found that certain chemicals produced by the roots of these crops can significantly reduce nitrogen capture inefficiencies in soil microbes.
The National Science Foundation is establishing two Scientific Software Innovation Institutes (S2I2) with $35 million in funding over five years. The institutes will focus on developing and maintaining scientific software, improving the nation's cyberinfrastructure, and expanding access to computational resources for researchers. The i...
A study by Michigan State University found that adolescent exposure to illicit substances increases the likelihood of substance abuse in early and late adulthood. White males are more likely to engage in such behavior, with Hispanic and Asian participants showing higher availability but lower rates of use.
Michigan State University will lead a three-year research project to enhance the teaching of less commonly taught languages, leveraging a $1.2 million grant from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The initiative aims to develop templates for online LCTL instruction and share them among Big Ten Academic Alliance institutions.
The REPARA project aims to make energy and performance benefits of computer systems available without enormous development efforts. Researchers have developed a semiautomatic process to improve source code refactoring, increasing application performance, energy efficiency, and maintainability.
The NASA Solar Probe Plus mission is progressing toward its anticipated summer 2018 launch after passing a critical design review. The spacecraft will collect data on the mechanisms that heat the corona and accelerate the solar wind, crucial for understanding our space weather and its impact on satellites.