Researchers found that methane release from the ocean floor followed ice sheet retreats, but the process occurred over a prolonged period. The study used radiometric dating to determine the timing of the releases, which were too slow to impact atmospheric methane concentrations.
A study by researchers from the University of Exeter found that marine turtle trade continues despite conservation efforts, with a shift towards commercial harvesting in certain islands. The study suggests refining conservation interventions and focusing on suppliers and consumers for more robust solutions.
Researchers have identified unique genetic markers that indicate higher stress tolerance in corals, enabling the development of novel reef restoration strategies. These markers can be used to create fine-scale distribution maps and guide selective breeding programs for more resilient corals.
The 2016 NIH Addiction Science Awards recognized projects that investigated the relationship between stress, sleep, emotion, and cognition in adolescents. Kashfia Rahman won first place with her project on negative attitudes about stress impacting key factors influencing addiction vulnerability.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death in the US, yet patients often face out-of-pocket costs and inadequate care. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine report highlights these challenges, including high medication costs and variable insurance coverage.
Researchers are exploring genetically modified pigs as a valuable alternative to rodent models for cancer research, leveraging precision-genetics and genetic similarities between swine and humans. This approach could lead to more accurate modeling of the disease and identification of effective treatments.
Berroqueña stone, traditionally used in Madrid's monuments such as El Escorial and Puerta de Alcalá, is proposed for Global Heritage Stone Province status. This recognition would promote trade and employment in rural areas of the Sierra de Guadarrama mountains.
Researchers at Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences have created compact holograms using nanostructures sensitive to light polarization, improving anti-fraud holograms and wearable optics. These holograms can encode multiple images and protect against counterfeiting.
Researchers found a remarkable proton-conducting material in the jelly of sharks' unique electrosensory organs, with conductivity only 40 times lower than Nafion. The discovery may contribute to future studies on shark sensing and unconventional sensor technology.
A new UCR study examines how consumers' beliefs about karma influence their responses to charitable appeals in advertising. People with karmic beliefs respond more favorably to donating time but are discouraged if the motivation is perceived as selfish.
The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has captured a striking image of the spiral galaxy NGC 6814, showcasing its luminous nucleus and sweeping arms. The galaxy's extremely bright center is believed to host a supermassive black hole with a mass about 18 million times that of the sun.
Babies born with transposition of the great arteries have a surgical procedure, called the arterial switch operation, to correct the defect. Research found that adolescents whose coronary arteries were reimplanted in the 12 o'clock position are more prone to perfusion defects and potential complications.
Researchers found that myocardial fibrosis in obstructive sleep apnea patients is associated with increased risk of heart failure hospitalization and death. The study suggests that quantifying myocardial fibrosis could help identify patients at higher risk, paving the way for a personalized approach to treating cardiovascular disease.
The gluten-free diet is not supported by scientific evidence for healthy children without CD or wheat allergy. It can lead to nutritional deficiencies and quality of life issues, posing more risk than benefit.
A new experimental and clinical study from Lund University shows that the sleep hormone melatonin impairs insulin secretion in people with a specific gene variant. The researchers found that carriers of this gene have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, with impaired insulin secretion and increased glucose levels in their blood.
A study reveals that text messaging is an effective way to monitor postpartum women for life-threatening complications of preeclampsia. The remote blood pressure monitoring system allowed physicians to identify advanced cases and intervene before hospital readmission was necessary.
Research suggests that protecting natural forest regrowth in secondary tropical forests can significantly reduce carbon emissions. These young and middle-aged forests have the potential to capture equivalent amounts of carbon as Latin America and the Caribbean between 1993 and 2014. If left alone for 40 years, they could play a substan...
Scientists at Penn State University have developed a new high-pressure technique to create large-area thin-film silicon semiconductors at low temperatures in simple reactors. This approach could make large, flexible semiconductors more feasible for applications like flat-panel monitors and solar cells.
Research at SISSA reveals Botox-based aesthetic procedures can impair emotional processing, particularly in subtle situations. The study confirms the importance of embodied cognition in understanding emotions and highlights a potential risk for those undergoing these treatments.
Red knots migrate to tropical regions, where smaller size and shorter bills impede survival. Climate change disrupts the insect peak, leading to malnutrition and population decline.
A new database has been developed to connect environmental exposures to human health effects and compare diseases. The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) manually curates data from scientific literature on how environmental chemicals interact with genes to affect human health.
Researchers at MIT and partners developed a tiny origami robot that can unfold from a swallowed capsule and remove stuck objects or patch wounds. The robot uses external magnetic fields to navigate and is made of biocompatible materials, enabling potential medical applications.
A recent study reveals that obesity is on the rise in Indonesia, exacerbated by a 'double burden of malnutrition' affecting children. Children stunted due to undernutrition are more likely to become overweight, posing serious health risks.
Researchers identified a specific gene, KALRN, linked to impulsive behavior and binge drinking in teenagers. The study used a two-step approach to investigate genetic factors contributing to early experimentation with and abuse of alcohol.
A study published in Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques found that sleeve gastrectomy is effective for individuals classified as moderate or severe sweet eaters before the surgery. The procedure has shown promising weight loss results, even among those with high pre-surgery sweets consumption.
A new smartphone-based system improved blood pressure control, reduced medication errors, and increased patient engagement among patients with chronic kidney disease. The system provided personalized feedback and alerts to clinicians, leading to better patient outcomes.
Dr. Nita Maihle is leading a national DOD initiative to support early career ovarian cancer investigators. The program aims to foster team science and improve understanding of the disease. With a focus on secretory cells that line the fallopian tubes, researchers hope to develop targeted therapies for this deadly form of cancer.
A recent study by the University of Eastern Finland and others found significant inaccuracies in traditional chamber techniques for measuring nitrous oxide emissions from soils. The eddy covariance method with modern laser technology provides more accurate continuous measurements, averaging out spatial and temporal variations.
A new analysis suggests that the moderate effect of calcium and vitamin D on fracture prevention is not large enough to outweigh the potential increased risk of cardiovascular disease. For 65-year-old women at low risk of bone fracture, the risks may outweigh the benefits.
Researchers at Umea University have discovered that mosquito larvae in the Västerbotten region carry viruses that can cause infectious disease, including Sindbis virus and Inkoo virus. These findings indicate that the viruses can be transferred from female mosquitoes to their eggs.
A new study published in Diabetes Care found that babies born to mothers with gestational diabetes have 16% more body fat at two months old compared to babies born to healthy mothers. The research used MRI scanning to measure body fat in 86 babies, revealing significant differences in body composition despite no differences at birth.
A new study by Eric Akobeng reveals that international remittances have a significant impact on reducing poverty and inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa. The findings suggest a 10% increase in remittances as share of GDP leads to a decline in the number of people living on less than $1.25 per day, extreme poverty, and inequality.
Climate change causes red knot birds to shrink and develop shorter beaks, limiting access to high-quality food sources. This can lead to reduced survival rates among birds born in warm Arctic years, according to a 33-year study.
A recent study reveals that bacteria can differ significantly in their response to a lack of nutrients, allowing the group to continue growing even when some cells suffer. This phenomenon promotes flexibility and diversity within bacterial populations.
Researchers at the University of Chicago found that inhibiting autophagy, a cellular housekeeping process, effectively blocks tumor cell migration and breast cancer metastasis in tumor models. Autophagy is essential for tumor metastasis, and its inhibition can be an effective approach to block metastatic dissemination.
Researchers at Rice University developed a method to treat composite materials with microwaves, increasing their stability and strength in wellbores for oil and gas production. The treatment involved combining graphene nanoribbons with thermoset polymers and heating them with low-power microwaves.
A new study analyzing over 4,000 news articles about the 2014-15 Disneyland measles outbreak found that articles with a clear bottom-line message were shared more than twice as much as those without. The research supports 'fuzzy trace theory,' suggesting that communications focusing on the gist will be more compelling.
Research reveals gene expression is a two-way communication between nucleus and cytoplasm, controlled by the Ccr4-Not complex. This protein complex acts as a messenger to ensure transcription and translation levels are well-balanced.
Roland Wiesendanger receives the award for his pioneering work on spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy, allowing the study of magnetism at the atomic level. Xiang Zhang is recognized for his discoveries in optical metamaterials and nanophotonics, including the far-field optical super lens.
A study found that pathogenic bacteria use Opa proteins to bind human CEACAM proteins on mucosal cells, making them stickier and less likely to detach. This prevents exfoliation, allowing the bacteria to gain extra time to colonize or penetrate the mucosa.
Dmitry Budker, Experimental Atomic Physics professor at Mainz University, receives a EUR 2.5M ERC Advanced Grant to systematically search for dark sector particles. The project aims to identify new techniques using magnetic resonance and magnetometry to provide direct connections to the dark sector.
The Society of Surgical Oncology and European Society of Surgical Oncology propose a global curriculum to address training variations and inadequacies. The curriculum aims to create a robust workforce of well-trained surgical oncologists to meet the growing need resulting from the rising global cancer burden.
Researchers at Rockefeller University discover a rare form of cancer caused by a mutation in histone proteins that package DNA. The mutation triggers a proliferative state, leading to tumor development without other DNA mutations present.
A recent study by Uppsala University researchers found that genetic analyses in dogs can identify genes linked to human brain tumors, specifically gliomas. The study identified three genes associated with glioma development in dogs, which are also present in humans and show reduced activity in tumor tissue.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have identified a new gene linked to familial hypercholesterolemia, a genetic disorder causing very high blood cholesterol. High levels of lipoprotein(a) in the blood increase heart attack risk by five times.
Researchers discovered that a few changes in the genome are sufficient to turn a fungal plant pathogen into a potentially beneficial organism. The beneficial fungus has gained new genes and lost others, leading to reduced effector proteins needed to suppress the plant's immune system.
A randomized controlled trial found online computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (CCBT) to be an effective treatment for anxiety and depression. The study, led by the University of Pittsburgh, showed that CCBT programs can provide significant improvements in mood and anxiety symptoms, even when used alone or in combination with int...
Boston Cancer Support, a nonprofit organization, will receive an $8,500 ASTRO Survivor Circle grant to support its work providing patient transportation and online resources. The organization aims to alleviate one of the largest issues faced by cancer patients: affordable transportation to treatments.
Researchers at the University of Bristol are developing novel diagnostic tests and nanopatterned surfaces to combat resistant infections. A new rapid diagnostic test can predict effective antibiotics, reducing reliance on strongest options. Novel antimicrobial surfaces could improve biomedical devices and implant success rates.
Researchers discovered a eukaryote that lacks mitochondria and uses a cytosolic sulfur mobilization system to function. The organism, Monocercomonoides, is related to human pathogens and lives in low-oxygen environments.
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at a higher risk of experiencing hospital-acquired complications when hospitalized. A study of 536,549 adults found that CKD patients were 19% more likely to experience complications than those with normal kidney function, with the risk increasing as CKD severity worsened.
Researchers have identified a 'weekend effect' contributing to the decline in donor kidney availability in the US. Organs procured on Fridays and Saturdays were more likely to be discarded than those during weekdays, with higher quality kidneys also being thrown away at a greater rate.
A new study in mice shows that REM sleep is essential for consolidating both contextual and emotional memories. Inhibiting theta oscillations during REM sleep kept mice from forming these memories, while disrupting them outside of REM sleep had no effect.
Researchers developed a platform for autonomous aerial refueling of UAVs, utilizing binocular vision-based sensor and navigation system. The system allows the tanker UAV to capture images of the receiver UAV and estimate its pose, then control the boom towards the receptacle for refueling.
DZIF scientists have developed optimized assays and a control for quantifying viruses in blood and urine, improving the reliability of current tests. The new tests are more sensitive to low viral concentrations and comparable across different strains.
Scientists found that an early Arctic spring in Africa is killing red knots by disrupting their food supply. The birds' short beaks limit their access to shellfish, essential for survival.
Scientists at Washington University in St. Louis use a new instrument to detect light in a way that reveals the atom's evolution and potential control over entangled partners. This approach may enable quantum control and enhance fluorescence imaging.
Researchers have developed a new method called SLENDR that allows precise labeling of proteins in brain cells using CRISPR/Cas9. This enables scientists to study brain development and function with unprecedented accuracy, revealing previously undescribed behaviors of protein kinase C.
NASA's satellite measurements of sulfur dioxide can help identify volcanic clouds and provide more accurate forecasts for aviation safety. This technology has the potential to reduce airline cancellations and rerouting costs, as well as have long-term climate applications.
A University of Michigan study found that women prefer smaller competition sizes, which may contribute to pay gaps and the underrepresentation of women in certain fields. Women feel more comfortable in smaller groups, where communal behaviors are more normative.