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Science News Archive 2016 - Page 283


Page 283 of 423

Transplanted liver cells protect against liver failure after massive hepatectomy surgery

Researchers found that transplanting liver cells into an extra-hepatic site, such as the intra-mesentery, can help protect against post-operative liver failure and aid in survival of the remaining liver. The study showed improved overall mortality due to acute liver failure in the transplantation group.

SourceCell Transplantation Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair·JournalCell Transplantation·DateApr 25, 2016

Expand HPV vaccination programs in Canada to include males

HPV vaccination programs in Canada are currently limited, leaving men vulnerable to HPV-related diseases. The Canadian Medical Association Journal recommends expanding the programs to include males and negotiating with pharmaceutical companies to decrease costs.

SourceCanadian Medical Association Journal·JournalCanadian Medical Association Journal·DateApr 25, 2016

Conservation alliance to focus on Peruvian Amazon deforestation

A new international research center will focus on sustainable use of tropical landscapes and combat environmental destruction in the Peruvian Amazon. The center aims to develop transformative solutions for human health and biodiversity, building scientific capacity in local communities.

SourceWake Forest University·DateApr 25, 2016
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Physicists detect the enigmatic spin momentum of light

Researchers at RIKEN and the University of Bristol have experimentally verified that light exerts a new type of optical force proportional to its circular polarization. The team used an extremely precise nano-cantilever to measure this force, which is much weaker than usual radiation pressure.

SourceRIKEN·JournalNature Physics·DateApr 25, 2016

Care disparities for Hispanic Medicare Advantage enrollees in Puerto Rico

A recent study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found significant disparities in healthcare quality for Hispanic Medicare Advantage enrollees in Puerto Rico compared to their counterparts in the US. The study analyzed data from over 7 million MA enrollees and found that Hispanic MA enrollees in Puerto Rico received worse care on 15 ...

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Internal Medicine·DateApr 25, 2016

Novel anti-biofilm nano coating developed at Ben-Gurion U.

Researchers have developed an innovative anti-biofilm coating with significant anti-adhesive potential, preventing destructive bacterial growth on metal surfaces. The coating has potential applications in medical implants, devices, and surgical equipment, as well as industrial uses such as preventing aquatic biofouling.

SourceAmerican Associates, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev·JournalAdvanced Materials Interfaces·DateApr 25, 2016
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Revolutionary antibiotics will save the world

Russian scientists have identified a unique enzyme in E. coli that enables the bacterium to breathe, despite the presence of hydrogen sulfide, which would normally inhibit mitochondrial respiration. This discovery could lead to the development of new antibiotics that target specific types of bacteria without harming human cells.

SourceLomonosov Moscow State University·JournalScientific Reports·DateApr 25, 2016

Attending US charter schools may lead to higher earnings in the future

A recent study found that students attending US charter high schools are more likely to graduate from high school and enroll in college. Charter school graduates also tend to have higher earnings in their mid-20s compared to their counterparts at traditional public schools.

SourceWiley·JournalJournal of Policy Analysis and Management·DateApr 25, 2016

Framing discourse around conservative values shifts climate change attitudes

A new study from Oregon State University finds that conservatives' attitudes toward climate change and environmental concerns shift when the issues are framed in terms more closely aligned with their values. The researchers used moral foundations theory to test how shifts in moral framing affect attitudes toward environmental issues.

SourceOregon State University·JournalJournal of Experimental Social Psychology·DateApr 25, 2016

World-class oral presentations featured at ARRS 2016 Annual Meeting

Groundbreaking research in 13 radiology subspecialities presented during the ARRS 2016 Annual Meeting. Notable findings include improved prostate cancer detection and grading using restriction spectrum imaging, reduced unnecessary biopsies via novel mammographic algorithm, and faster knee MRI acquisition with accelerated SPACE.

SourceAmerican Roentgen Ray Society·DateApr 25, 2016

Gut feeling: ONR research examines link between stomach bacteria, PTSD

Researchers studying intestinal bacteria and their effect on the human brain and mood found that an imbalance in gut microbiota can lead to heightened anxiety and stress. Feeding stressed mice probiotics improved behavior and reduced stress biomarkers, suggesting a potential treatment for PTSD.

SourceOffice of Naval Research·JournalThe Canadian Journal of Psychiatry·DateApr 25, 2016
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Scientists advance disease resistance in 3 of world's most important crops

Researchers at 2Blades Foundation have isolated novel disease resistance genes and successfully transferred them into wheat, soybean and potato to combat diseases such as wheat stem rust, Asian soybean rust and late blight of potato. These breakthroughs aim to provide durable genetic resistances to protect crops from devastating losses.

SourceTwo Blades Foundation·JournalNature Biotechnology·DateApr 25, 2016

Increased odds of ADHD for kids with some types of vision problems

Children with uncorrectable vision problems are twice as likely to have a diagnosis of ADHD, according to a nationwide study. The researchers analyzed data on over 75,000 children and found that those with vision problems not correctable by glasses or contact lenses had a higher prevalence of ADHD.

SourceWolters Kluwer Health·JournalOptometry and Vision Science·DateApr 25, 2016
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Can mountain-climbing bears rescue cherry trees from global warming?

Researchers found that Asiatic black bears disperse wild cherry tree seeds toward mountaintops, helping the species cope with projected temperature rises. The study suggests that seed dispersal direction can be asymmetric and highlights the importance of considering seed dispersal limitations in predicting future plant distributions.

SourceCell Press·JournalCurrent Biology·DateApr 25, 2016

Folding molecules into screw-shaped structures

Chemists develop methods to wind up molecules into screw-shaped structures using artificial molecules, demonstrating a mechanism to transfer handedness. The technique could be used to design molecules for catalysis or energy conversion.

SourceRuhr-University Bochum·JournalAngewandte Chemie International Edition·DateApr 25, 2016

Probiotics protect mice from estrogen deficiency-related bone loss

A new study links gut bacteria to post-menopausal bone loss, showing probiotics can prevent this condition by attenuating inflammation. Treatment with probiotics also reduced bone loss in normal mice, highlighting therapeutic potential for probiotics in osteoporosis prevention.

SourceJCI Journals·JournalJournal of Clinical Investigation·DateApr 25, 2016
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

Do fish survive in streams in winter?

Research at Umeå University found that fish length and weight are less important for survival than overall health. The study tracked fish movement patterns through the winter, using PIT tags inserted into fish bodies to follow their migration. Fish populations can fluctuate significantly during this time.

SourceUmea University·JournalEcology and Evolution·DateApr 25, 2016

Vaccinations are more effective when administered in the morning

Researchers found that morning flu vaccinations led to significantly larger increases in antibody concentration one month after vaccination, compared to afternoon vaccinations. The study suggests a potential strategy to improve vaccination efficiency without additional cost to the healthcare system.

SourceUniversity of Birmingham·JournalVaccine·DateApr 25, 2016
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

The first happiness genes have been located

A large-scale international study has identified three genetic variants associated with happiness and two variants linked to depression. The findings provide new insights into the genetic basis of neuroticism and the interplay between nature and nurture in shaping human happiness.

SourceVrije Universiteit Amsterdam·JournalNature Genetics·DateApr 25, 2016

Research opens new treatment strategies for specific form of psoriasis

Researchers have identified a molecular signaling mechanism underlying increased inflammation in patients with psoriasis due to specific CARD14 gene mutations. The study suggests MALT1 inhibitors may be therapeutically beneficial, offering promising results for treatment.

SourceVIB (the Flanders Institute for Biotechnology)·JournalEMBO Reports·DateApr 25, 2016

Major study will untangle complexities of kids' response to trauma

Researchers are conducting a groundbreaking study to understand how children cope with traumatic life events from ages 3-5. The five-year project will track hundreds of Kansas City children and their families, providing real-time assessment and interaction data to identify key factors influencing outcomes.

SourceUniversity of Kansas·DateApr 25, 2016

What scientists know -- and don't know -- about sexual orientation

A comprehensive review of scientific research on sexual orientation reveals that non-heterosexual feelings are a small but nontrivial percentage of the population across cultures. The study suggests that biological and environmental factors jointly influence sexual orientation, with no evidence to support social learning or increased p...

SourceAssociation for Psychological Science·JournalPsychological Science in the Public Interest·DateApr 25, 2016
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

The reliability of material simulations put to test

Researchers from over 30 universities compared quantum simulation codes, achieving more precise results than previous calculations. The study defines a quality criterion to verify future software developments and contributes to higher standards for materials property simulations.

SourceAalto University·JournalScience·DateApr 25, 2016

Even low levels of air pollution appear to affect children's lung health

A new study led by Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center found that even low levels of air pollution can harm children's lung function. Children living close to major roadways had decreased lung function by age 8, with exposure to fine particulate matter and soot being the main factors.

SourceBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center·JournalAmerican Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·DateApr 25, 2016

Common steroid shows promise in healing damaged newborn lungs

Research from Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago conducted in mice shows the drug hydrocortisone can prevent lung damage and reverse BPD's harmful effects on the heart, providing a promising treatment for premature babies.

SourceAnn & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago·JournalPediatric Research·DateApr 25, 2016
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

Atrophosclerodermic manifestations of lyme borreliosis

Scleratrophic skin lesions like morphea, lichen sclerosus etatrophicus (LSA) and anetoderma are associated with Lyme borreliosis, with Borrelia DNA detected in up to 50% of patients. The response to antibiotic treatment varies, suggesting a heterogeneous origin for these dermatoses.

SourceBentham Science Publishers·JournalThe Open Dermatology Journal·DateApr 25, 2016

Study shows attitude makes a champion

A recent study found that elite athletes possess an internal drive and commitment to their sports, which enables them to overcome obstacles. In contrast, 'almost' great athletes lack this motivation and may avoid challenging training exercises. The study's results suggest that attitude is a key factor in determining success.

SourceFrontiers·JournalFrontiers in Psychology·DateApr 25, 2016
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

How and why single cell organisms evolved into multicellular life

Researchers sequenced the genome of Gonium pectorale, a simple green algae, to understand how it evolved from a single cell into a multicellular organism. The study sheds light on the early stages of multicellularity and its significance in the evolution of life.

SourceUniversity of the Witwatersrand·JournalNature Communications·DateApr 25, 2016

Ancient marine sediments provide clues to future climate change

Scientists analyzed ancient ocean sediments to reconstruct past CO2 levels, finding that elevated CO2 led to the early Eocene epoch's extreme warmth and subsequent cooling. The study provides insights into understanding ancient climate and predicting future climate change.

SourceUniversity of Southampton·JournalNature·DateApr 25, 2016

Providing guidance on criteria for endocrine disruptor legislation in Europe

A group of European and US researchers has provided a clear framework for identifying endocrine-disrupting substances (EDCs) and regulating them. The report, published in Environmental Health Perspectives, defines EDCs as substances altering the hormonal system and causing adverse health effects.

SourceUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst·JournalEnvironmental Health Perspectives·DateApr 25, 2016
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

Videogame addiction linked to ADHD

A study of over 20,000 participants found that videogame addiction is associated with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and depression. Younger, single men are particularly at risk, using gaming as an escape from unpleasant feelings and restless bodies.

SourceThe University of Bergen·JournalPsychology of Addictive Behaviors·DateApr 25, 2016

Pre-pregnancy obesity increases odds of having overweight children

A Kaiser Permanente study found that pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive weight gain during pregnancy increase the risk of a child becoming overweight at age 2. However, breastfeeding for at least six months was associated with a significant reduction in this risk, regardless of the mother's pre-pregnancy weight.

SourceKaiser Permanente·JournalPediatric Obesity·DateApr 25, 2016

Researchers find potential new treatment target for deadly brain cancer

Researchers have found that a protein called OSMR is required for glioblastoma tumours to form, and blocking its activity prevents tumours from forming in mouse brains. The study also suggests that this protein could be a potential target for new therapies for other cancers with high EGFR expression.

SourceThe Ottawa Hospital·JournalNature Neuroscience·DateApr 25, 2016

Birth defects, pregnancy terminations and miscarriages in users of acne drug

A new study in Canadian Medical Association Journal found that only 25% of women taking isotretinoin (Accutane) filled birth control prescriptions during treatment, resulting in a high risk of miscarriage or medical termination. The program's poor adherence rates represent a failure to prevent pregnancies instead of terminating them.

SourceCanadian Medical Association Journal·JournalCanadian Medical Association Journal·DateApr 25, 2016
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

Rare Earth atoms see the light

Researchers at UC Santa Barbara have developed a system that can transfer optical quantum information to locally stored solid-state quantum formats, enabling quantum communication. The team uses rare earth atoms to store superpositions of zero and one used in quantum computation.

SourceUniversity of California - Santa Barbara·JournalNature Photonics·DateApr 25, 2016

Tracing the ancestry of dung beetles

Researchers have discovered that dung beetles evolved from a single common ancestor, with the onthophagines and oniticellines tribes making up half of the world's dung beetle fauna. These beetles play a crucial role in ecosystems by recycling nutrients and reducing parasites.

SourcePensoft Publishers·JournalZooKeys·DateApr 25, 2016

Online HIV prevention resources face resistance from black female college students

New research reveals that black female college students are reluctant to use online HIV prevention resources, citing stigma and fear of social repercussions. The study's findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive information delivery methods tailored to this demographic.

SourceNorth Carolina State University·JournalJournal of the American Medical Informatics Association·DateApr 25, 2016
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Relapses of childhood leukemia improve with high doses of common chemo drug

A clinical trial shows that high-dose methotrexate improves survival rates for children with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The use of steroid decadron is beneficial for younger patients, but not older ones, who are at a higher risk of osteonecrosis.

SourceNYU Langone Health / NYU Grossman School of Medicine·JournalJournal of Clinical Oncology·DateApr 25, 2016

Stark Medicare Advantage disparities present in Puerto Rico

A new study reveals substantial disparities in healthcare quality experienced by Hispanic Puerto Rican residents in Medicare Advantage plans. Despite making up nearly a quarter of enrolled residents, Puerto Ricans received significantly worse care on 15 of 17 quality indicators, with gaps exceeding 5 percentage points.

SourceBrown University·JournalJAMA Internal Medicine·DateApr 25, 2016

For some cancers, risk lower among kids of non-US-born Hispanic mothers

A recent study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that children of non-US-born Hispanic mothers may have a lower risk for certain types of childhood cancers, including glioma, astrocytoma, and neuroblastoma. However, they also had higher risks for acute lymphoblastic leukemia and Hodgkin lymphoma compared to white children.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Pediatrics·DateApr 25, 2016

Soy shows promise as natural anti-microbial agent: Study

Researchers at University of Guelph found that soy isoflavones and peptides can effectively inhibit the growth of certain bacterial pathogens, including Listeria and Pseudomonas. This natural alternative could benefit the food industry by reducing reliance on synthetic additives and addressing growing concerns about antibiotic resistance.

SourceUniversity of Guelph·JournalBiochemistry and Biophysics Reports·DateApr 25, 2016
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Meaning of brain scans for 'pain' called into question

Researchers found that people with no sense of pain exhibited the same brain activity patterns as healthy individuals when exposed to painful stimuli, casting doubt on the 'pain matrix'. The study highlights the need for caution when interpreting associations between brain activity and human experiences.

SourceUniversity College London·JournalJAMA Neurology·DateApr 25, 2016

Medicare patients have low adherence to biologic drug therapy for psoriasis

A new study found that Medicare patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis have low adherence to biologic therapies, with nearly half stopping treatment within a year. High out-of-pocket costs under Medicare Part D were identified as a potential factor contributing to this issue.

SourceUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine·JournalJournal of the American Academy of Dermatology·DateApr 25, 2016

Are money problems and violence related?

Researchers found that women are more likely than men to experience financial stressors and report violence, but the study doesn't prove a direct link. The study's findings affirm the complexity of domestic violence, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

SourceUniversity of Iowa·JournalInjury Epidemiology·DateApr 25, 2016

Climate change threatens Iran's great salt lake

The study found that under moderate to intense climate change scenarios, the proposed action plan will not be sufficient to protect the lake. Urgent actions are needed to save the lake through regional action to limit human water use and global action to limit greenhouse-gas concentration.

SourceInternational Institute for Applied Systems Analysis·JournalThe Science of The Total Environment·DateApr 25, 2016
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.