A new study found that dense breast notifications are often poorly readable and understandable, creating uncertainty for women making decisions about supplemental screening. The study suggests that efforts should focus on enhancing the readability of these notifications to inform women accurately about their breast density status.
Researchers found high levels of varroa mites and fungal parasites, with severe correlations to viral diseases like Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus. The study provides crucial baseline data for tracking future trends in honey bee health.
A study found that people's ability to smell food aromas decreases with age, with 23% of participants having trouble detecting certain smells. In contrast, tastes are generally better detected, with only 3% experiencing difficulty.
A new NYU Steinhardt study reveals growing income-based gaps in college attendance and completion, but decreasing gaps in high school graduation rates. The research suggests that rising income inequality may be making it harder for low-income students to get ahead, particularly in accessing four-year colleges.
Professor Philippe Dubois has been awarded an FNR PEARL Chair to develop new sustainable composite materials from renewable resources. His goal is to replace fossil carbon with bio-composites, targeting applications in automotive and aerospace sectors.
A new study by Adam Lippert finds that e-cigarette use among teens is clustered in schools with high rates of use, suggesting a cultural factor at play. The research suggests that educators should consider perceptions of e-cigarettes as less harmful when implementing initiatives to curb teen vaping.
A large case-control study found that statin use is associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer, but the difference in risk between statin users and non-users was not significant. Increased serum cholesterol levels were also independently linked to decreased risk of colorectal cancer.
Scientists have discovered a new species of titanosaurian dinosaur, Sarmientosaurus musacchioi, with a complete skull and partial neck fossil from Argentina. The study found that the brain was small relative to its body but showed greater sensory capabilities, including enhanced vision and hearing.
A new research program aims to improve patients' quality of life by monitoring major depressive disorder, epilepsy, and multiple sclerosis using wearable devices and smartphone technology. The RADAR-CNS programme may allow treatment to begin before a patient's health deteriorates, preventing relapses.
Only 14 mental health apps were examined in a recent literature review, with little efficacy, safety or clinical outcome data found. A framework, ASPECTS, has been proposed to guide psychiatrists and patients in evaluating apps for clinical use.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have created a general and user-friendly platform for developing effective vaccines. The technique mimics the structure of a virus, allowing it to trigger an immune response against diseases such as cancer, asthma, and allergies.
A 29-year study found nearly 28,000 children and adolescents were obese in 2014, with boys more likely than girls due to societal preference for sons. The traditional Chinese diet has shifted towards high-fat and low-fibre foods, coinciding with increasing incomes and reduced physical activity.
The University of Texas at Austin researchers have developed an injectable, regenerative gel that delivers proteoglycans and a growth factor to stimulate the growth of blood vessels and restore blood flow in the lower limbs. The treatment has shown promising results in mice with ischemia and diabetes, with 85% recovery of blood vessels.
Researchers found no correlation between self-reported relationship satisfaction and sexual frequency, but automatic behavioral responses revealed a positive link between the two. Studies showed that couples who had sex more frequently were more likely to associate their partners with positive attributes.
A study published in JAMA found that adding tomosynthesis to digital mammography significantly increased cancer detection rates and reduced recall rates for women with dense breasts. The findings suggest that supplemental breast cancer screening using tomosynthesis may improve outcomes for women with varying levels of breast density.
Researchers found that tablet use significantly improved children's performance on standardized tests of reading preparedness in three deployments. The system used inexpensive tablets loaded with educational apps and allowed children to explore and figure out the content on their own, yielding promising results.
Leading UK oncologists argue that staying in the EU is crucial to maintaining the country's prominent role in cancer research and care. The authors point out the benefits of EU-wide cooperation, including improved standards of care, research, and patient rights, as well as strengthened collaboration with EU partners.
Researchers have identified a hybrid form of the common house mosquito in eastern Austria that can transmit exotic diseases such as West Nile virus. The hybrid mosquitoes can act as bridge vectors, picking up pathogens from their original host birds and potentially transmitting them to other birds or humans.
Autologous cardiac cells, particularly atrial appendage-derived cells, show promise for gene and RNA therapies in heart failure. The review discusses financial and authority-based restrictions influencing research in this field, highlighting the potential of autologous tissues as cell therapy sources.
Researchers at UTMB identify 94 effective non-antibiotic drugs against Yersinia pestis and other antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Trifluoperazine, doxapram, and amoxapine show promise in treating plague and other infections.
The Allen Institute has released a comprehensive dataset on the aging brain and traumatic brain injury, providing unprecedented access to data on over 100 aged brains. Researchers can explore this unique resource to identify molecular signatures of disease and develop novel diagnostic strategies.
Researchers found structural brain damage in the hippocampus, a key memory region, that correlates with memory performance and disease severity in patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. The autoimmune disorder can cause schizophrenia-like symptoms and long-term cognitive impairment if not treated promptly.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that women in sub-Saharan Africa who use modern contraceptives are more likely to undergo HIV testing than those who do not. The research highlights a missed opportunity to provide education and HIV testing concurrently with condom and pill provision.
A new Cochrane Review suggests that yoga may have a beneficial effect on symptoms and quality of life in people with asthma. However, the effects on lung function and medication use are uncertain. Researchers found some moderate quality evidence that yoga exercise reduces the impact of asthma on people's quality of life.
Researchers found that women who worked rotating night shifts for five or more years had a 15-18% increased risk of developing coronary heart disease. Changing shift schedules may help offset this risk, which is modifiable and important to note.
A study in China found that competitive driving is a widespread phenomenon linked to overcrowded roads and cultural influences. Drivers perceive chaotic traffic as a catalyst for competition, leading to aggressive behavior.
Acute myeloid leukemia researchers have identified a microRNA pathway that could lead to new targets for treatment. The study found that miR-22 is down-regulated in AML, leading to the development of cancer-causing genes and pathways. This discovery offers hope for developing effective therapies against this deadly disease.
Researchers used human and environmental samples to analyze microbiome and metabolome data, reporting conclusions in 48 hours. The study found that fermented food molecules influenced the chemical environments of people consuming them.
A team of researchers has solved the three-dimensional structure of a gene repression complex, known as the NuRD complex, which plays a role in cancer. The study provides unprecedented detail about the interaction between its components and may help develop strategies to reduce the activity of the complex and combat cancer.
Global norovirus experts identify key gaps in knowledge and provide information to further vaccine development. The most efficient approach is developing a vaccine for young children, with the greatest impact at the global level.
A study found that a house dust mite immunotherapy tablet improved time to first moderate or severe asthma exacerbation when added to maintenance medications. The treatment reduced the risk of exacerbations and increased allergen-specific antibodies.
Astronomers discover a small, dark moon orbiting Makemake, the second brightest icy dwarf planet in the Kuiper Belt. The moon's diameter is estimated to be 100 miles across and its orbit completes around Makemake in 12 days or longer.
The PLAYTrack project aims to investigate how play supports children's learning and skills. The project will develop new methods to examine the impact of play on human development, collaboration with industry partners and institutions.
Researchers found that micro-needle insertion into the hippocampus of mice with Alzheimer's disease reduced beta-amyloid plaques and improved memory tasks. The procedure also triggered neurogenesis in the brain, suggesting a potential new approach to treating neuro-cognitive disorders.
Researchers found that breast cancer cells spread by sliding around other cells blocking their escape route out of the original tumor. The study identified molecular pathways that regulate cell-sliding behavior and showed that increased levels of E-cadherin can diminish this behavior.
Atomic magnets have been created in a layer of graphene using the absorption of hydrogen atoms. By manipulating these atoms, it is possible to produce magnetic graphene with atomic precision.
A University of Leicester study found that people with Type 2 diabetes wait an average of 3.7 years for increased treatment, leading to a failure to achieve tight blood sugar control. Clinical inertia is being identified as the major contributor to this issue.
A new proteomics method has been developed to measure the carbon uptake of specific marine bacterioplankton taxa, revealing metabolic patterns and taxonomic identification. The technique uses stable isotopic probing to analyze proteins from seawater samples, providing information on substrate incorporation and enzyme activity.
Christof Paar, a Bochum IT security expert, has been awarded an ERC Advanced Grant to explore and prevent cryptographic hardware backdoors that pose a major threat to the Internet of Things. The project aims to develop countermeasures against hardware Trojans that can compromise device security.
A meta-analysis of 40 clinical trials found that combining omega-3 fish oils with antidepressants had a statistically significant effect on improving mood. Other supplements like methylfolate, Vitamin D, and SAMe also showed promise as mood-enhancing therapies when taken with antidepressants.
Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute have solved the structure of a common virus's biological machinery, revealing important traits in Lassa virus. The research provides valuable insights into how to defend against its deadly cousin, Lassa fever, and may lead to the development of new treatments.
Researchers urge regulators to balance e-cigarette regulations with evidence of benefits in helping smokers quit, while avoiding harm to non-smokers. The study proposes a framework for maximizing population health and encourages innovation in the vaping industry.
A new study shows that current carrier screening methods are insufficient and can give prospective mothers a false sense of security. Whole genome studies are needed to ensure both mates don't carry recessive mutations in the same gene(s). DNA-based screening can detect many more disease-causing genetic variations
Scientists at NREL have developed a new process using light to reduce dinitrogen into ammonia, with rates of production similar to those of the ATP-dependent reaction. This method reduces energy requirements and emits no carbon dioxide, offering a more sustainable alternative to current industrial processes.
A study of over 189,000 initially healthy women found that working rotating night shifts for 5 years or more was associated with a small increase in coronary heart disease risk. The researchers also discovered waning risk after cessation of shift work and decreased risk among those who quit earlier.
Researchers have identified cellular pathways in skin pigment cells activated by estrogen and progesterone, leading to either skin darkening or lightening. The discovery could lead to the development of new products changing skin tone without harmful chemicals.
Researchers have identified a metabolic pathway in the fruitfly model of fragile X syndrome that can be targeted by new and already approved drugs to treat cognitive deficits. Select expression of a human gene in specific cells restored normal day/night activity patterns and rescued memory problems.
A study published in PLOS One found that people's feelings of long-term happiness and satisfaction with their lives remained steady over time, unaffected by external events. The researchers grouped Twitter users into satisfied and dissatisfied groups, finding differences in language use, activity patterns, and psychological processes.
Scientists at Northwestern University have discovered that a mixture of mirror-image molecules can exhibit optical activity when crystallized in the solid state. This finding challenges a long-standing chemical principle and opens up new areas of materials research.
A team of researchers found increasing trends towards later ice-cover formation and earlier spring thaw since the start of the Industrial Revolution. The historic records from Japan and Finland reveal more rapid climate change during the last two centuries, with extreme cases now occurring in late April and early May.
A study from the University of Pennsylvania found that sleep deprivation impairs protein production in the hippocampus, a brain region crucial for memory. By manipulating a gene involved in regulating protein synthesis, researchers were able to prevent these deficits and restore memory formation in mice.
Researchers at UNC-Chapel Hill have identified a brain circuit controlling binge drinking, connecting two regions with corticotropin-releasing factor. Inhibiting this circuit in mice protects against binge alcohol drinking.
New research confirms Zika virus was present in Haiti and possibly earlier, contradicting early theories on its spread in the Americas. The discovery sheds light on the virus's history and suggests a more complex spread than initially thought.
University of Minnesota researchers develop a new approach to studying turbulence in jets, revealing new coherent modes associated with high-speed jet dynamics. This discovery helps explain why jet engines produce such loud noise and could lead to new approaches for reducing volume levels.
The study, published in Icarus, found that ferric chloride is the most likely substance causing UV absorption in Venus's atmosphere. Sulfur particles are no longer considered responsible for this effect.
A large study validates TBS as a standalone predictor of fracture risk, independent of FRAX, with robust results across diverse populations. The combination of TBS and clinical risk factors shows enhanced risk gradients for hip and non-hip fractures.
A systematic overview of randomized controlled surgical studies found awareness for conflicts of interest has grown, but more work is needed to improve transparency. Many studies still fail to disclose potential conflicts of interest, raising concerns about the reliability of evidence-based medicine.
A new study finds that small-scale electricity systems bring some clear benefits, but service conditions vary widely, with unreliable and limited hours of service. Solar-powered systems lead to the greatest reduction in kerosene use and health benefits.
Scientists have produced proto-nucleotides resembling RNA's nucleobases through simple laboratory reactions, advancing understanding of life's origins. The discovery has implications for the probability of life existing elsewhere in the universe.
A team at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering developed a novel strategy for engineering protein fusions to improve in vivo efficacy and safety. The approach enabled the creation of cell-targeted drugs that reduce potential side effects and accelerate new drug development.