New research finds that taking breaks to sleep between study sessions can improve recall of previously learned information, allowing participants to relearn faster and retain what they've forgotten for longer periods. The study showed significant benefits in memory retention even after 6 months.
Researchers have mapped estimated internal migration in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, providing vital data for combating infectious diseases like malaria. The maps show webs of connectivity within countries, aiding effective disease control planning and resource targeting.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center developed a novel MRI method that can detect low levels of zinc ions to differentiate between healthy and malignant prostate tissue. This technique has the potential to serve as a biomarker for tracking prostate cancer progression.
A new study reveals that many stroke patients are unaware they're having a stroke, leading to delayed medical attention. The study found nearly one-third presented with eye symptoms, suggesting the need for a revised public campaign acronym.
A UCI-led study found novel molecular clues behind nocturnal behavior, suggesting the eyes play a more central role in controlling the sleep/awake cycle. The research challenges the long-presumed master role of the suprachiasmatic clock in determining sleep and wakefulness patterns.
A Johns Hopkins study of over 13,000 participants found that severe obesity is a standalone high-risk factor for heart failure, but not other types of heart disease. Morbidly obese individuals were nearly fourfold more likely to develop heart failure even after controlling for risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes.
Researchers found that esophageal cancer cells do not divide faster than their normal neighbors, but instead produce slightly more dividing daughter cells. This imbalance in cell division can lead to tumor growth over time, making it harder to treat with current therapies.
A new study by researchers at the University of California-Davis found that nearly 40 percent of low-wage workers worked variable hours for at least one four-month period after the start of the 2007-09 Great Recession. Workers with inconsistent work schedules earned less and were more likely to live in poverty than those with stable ho...
A recent study found that over three-quarters of patients were exposed to at least one non-opiate drug associated with increased fracture risk before their fracture. The researchers suggest that better management of these high-risk drugs may help prevent secondary fragility fractures in the elderly population.
Washington State University researchers create a novel nanomaterial, an aerogel, to reduce the amount of precious metals required in fuel cells. This innovation speeds up production time and makes large-scale production more viable.
A new study from the University of Oxford suggests that preserving immune function in older people is possible through the identification of critical factors like transcription factor Foxn1. By understanding how Foxn1 regulates T cell development, researchers have identified potential strategies for maintaining thymus function with age.
A new study from the University of Stirling found no difference in muscle growth response to protein after a full-body workout between larger and smaller participants. Consuming 40 grams of protein after exercise was more effective at stimulating muscle growth than 20 grams, regardless of body size.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a new microchip called Piton that significantly increases processing speed and slashes energy consumption for data centers. The chip's scalable architecture enables thousands of cores to be connected together, leading to increased efficiency and cost savings.
A collaborative project led by Peter Ulric Tse aims to develop a unified model of attention that applies across multiple domains. The goal is to understand focused attention, critical for daily tasks, and its impact on brain systems.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a recipe to make carbon capture materials the best they can be. Experiments showed that once a sorbent material achieved a surface area of 2,800 square meters per gram, neither more surface area nor larger pores made it more efficient at capturing carbon dioxide.
Marcos Pires, a Lehigh University assistant professor of chemistry, has pioneered an immunotherapy approach to combat bacterial infections. His method involves molecularly tagging pathogenic bacteria to attract antibodies, offering a novel strategy to defeat Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
A new Canadian study found that increasing psychiatrists in Ontario did not significantly improve access to psychiatric care. Despite a 17% increase in practicing psychiatrists, demand for services continued to outpace supply.
A new study suggests that US prisons continue to grow even as crime rates decline, mainly due to the increasing number of repeat offenders. The average offender now has a more extensive criminal record than in the past, making it harder for judges to give alternative sentences.
Scientists have developed a new device that can isolate natural aromatic molecules associated with sweet tastes. The device, called GC-OAT, uses an olfactoscan to deliver continuous streams of aromas through a tube to a subject's nose, allowing researchers to screen for odor compounds in real foods.
Two key protein complexes, condensin and cohesin, play critical roles in organizing chromosomes during cell division. A recent study sheds new light on the specific functions of these proteins, which can help pinpoint the origins of genetic diseases like cancer.
Research by UT Austin sociologists found that students with higher math scores and a greater sense of control over their future are more likely to migrate. The study suggests that innovative labor markets with higher shares of college-educated workers attract skilled workers, leaving behind other areas.
A new study found that infants expect people to share food preferences unless they belong to different social groups. However, disgust reactions are expected to transcend social boundaries. This early understanding has important implications for public health policies on obesity.
Researchers from TU Wien, Aachen, and Manchester successfully created artificial atoms in graphene by confining electrons to small spaces. This innovation enables the preservation of arbitrary superpositions for a long time, ideal properties for quantum computers.
A commentary in CMAJ cautions against tobacco industry influence on Canada's plain packaging consultation. The authors advocate for media vigilance and government requirements to disclose conflicts of interest and ensure submissions are backed by peer-reviewed evidence.
Research published in Nature Microbiology suggests that antibiotic treatment can alter the microbiome and increase the risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The study used NOD mice and found that short pulses of antibiotics increased disease incidence by 53% compared to control mice.
When sick, animals alter behavior to reduce social contact and minimize disease transmission, a key finding of the study. By removing themselves from groups, sick animals may protect healthy relatives from infection.
Two novel African types of Salmonella Enteritidis, genetically distinct from the Western type, have been identified through a global-scale genetic study. These bacteria have developed resistance to multiple antibiotics and are a major cause of blood poisoning and death in Africa.
Doctors identify bagpipe lung as a potential hazard for wind instrument players due to fungal growth in moist interiors. A case report reveals a man's death from hypersensitivity pneumonitis linked to playing the bagpipes, highlighting the risk of contamination.
Researchers at MIT create a bubble-wrapped, sponge-like device that captures ambient sunlight and concentrates it to heat water to boiling temperatures. The structure achieves 20% conversion efficiency and can be used for desalination, residential heating, wastewater treatment, and medical tool sterilization.
New research highlights the impact of early experiences on lifelong health, emphasizing the need for protection from toxic stress and supportive interventions for vulnerable children. The study calls for leveraging science to design more effective approaches for mitigating the effects of early adversity.
A team of researchers has identified the genes controlled by Foxn1, a protein essential for thymus development and function. The study reveals that Foxn1 regulates vital functions in the postnatal thymus, providing insights into its role in autoimmune diseases, vaccination responses, and tumor defense.
The Center for Innovative Drug Discovery at UTSA and UT Health Science Center has received a $4.6 million grant to support small molecule drug discovery in cancer research. The grant will enable the center to design and create novel molecules to treat various types of cancers.
Researchers identified otulipenia as a rare inflammatory disease affecting young children, characterized by fever, skin rashes, diarrhea, and joint pain. The condition is caused by the malfunction of OTULIN, a single gene on chromosome 5, leading to an overproduction of inflammatory cytokines.
A team of ASU researchers has found that major earthquakes can actually down-drop mountains while uplifting the surrounding foothills, challenging conventional wisdom on the mechanisms of mountain building. This new understanding may help anticipate seismic hazards in advance of devastating earthquakes.
A new study from Columbia University and MIT found that large-scale groundwater pumping is contaminating aquifers in Southeast Asia with high levels of arsenic, posing a significant risk to human health. The researchers discovered clear patterns of contamination that can help farmers and communities locate lower-risk sites for wells.
Scientists at the University of Texas Medical Branch have successfully treated rhesus macaques infected with Sudan ebolavirus using an RNA-based therapeutic called siRNA, administered via a lipid nanoparticle platform. The treatment was effective in preventing replication of the virus and improving survival rates.
A new study suggests that climate change may extend the ozone season in the Southeastern United States, potentially leading to record ozone days in the fall. As drought-stressed trees emit more of the precursor compound isoprene, air quality becomes more sensitive to climate change.
In a study, researchers found that silvery fish camouflage can deceive even animals with super sight. Fish like tuna and mackerel use reflective scales to blend in, but surprisingly, polarization vision doesn't help animals spot them from farther away.
Erika Eggers is studying retinal cell signaling's role in light adaptation and diabetic retinopathy, which may lead to the development of cell-based models for drug treatments. Researchers have found that neural activity in the retina changes before diabetic retinopathy sets in.
A nationwide study found that job satisfaction in late 20s and early 30s has a significant impact on mental health by the time individuals reach their 40s. Those with consistently low or declining job satisfaction tend to experience poorer mental health, including depression, sleep problems, and excessive worry.
A University of Alaska Fairbanks-led study measures methane release from Arctic permafrost, finding nearly no sign that it has begun, despite projections of large emissions in the future. The research suggests current rates are still below expected levels, but warn of a significant threat to global carbon levels.
The DHAKA score is a four-symptom assessment tool that predicts dehydration severity in children under age five with high accuracy. A new study validates the tool's performance in identifying moderate to severe dehydration, outperforming the current standard IMCI guidelines.
Patients with persistent face pain may experience significant disability and inconvenience due to inadequate treatment. Experts propose a 'hub and spoke' model for efficient diagnosis and management, which could save the NHS money while improving patient outcomes.
The MINERVA study found a significant association between higher medication adherence rates and improved patient outcomes, including reduced major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and healthcare costs. Fully adherent patients had a lower risk of MACE compared to partially and non-adherent populations.
A Baylor University study found that individual characteristics such as income, education, and relationship status are associated with greater satisfaction. Sex life satisfaction was not linked to country-level variables like wealth or HIV/AIDS concern.
Researchers have discovered a new group of compounds that could treat pulmonary hypertension by altering vessel stiffness and its downstream control of metabolism. The findings, published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, highlight the use of these drugs to target the molecular origins of the disease.
A new diagnostic tool for tuberculosis has been developed to simplify, fasten and improve the accuracy of tests. The experimental new test is currently being tested in South Africa.
A University at Buffalo study finds that fussy infants who find food more rewarding are at a higher risk of obesity. The research assessed infant temperament through a questionnaire, measuring cuddliness and food reinforcement.
Tropical Storm Lionrock heads south-southeastward towards Japan while Tropical Storm Mindulle makes landfall just south of Tokyo and then moves northwards. Both storms exhibit improved circular shapes after NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite capture on Aug 21.
A new study by Rice University researchers found that strong external governance mechanisms can actually increase the likelihood of financial fraud among top managers. Higher levels of dedicated institutional ownership and increased analyst pressure were linked to higher rates of fraud. The findings challenge traditional agency theory,...
A Baylor University study found that individual-level characteristics, such as higher income and education, are associated with greater sex life satisfaction in Sub-Saharan Africa. Satisfaction is not linked to country-level variables like wealth, suggesting that factors beyond economic status influence overall happiness.
Researchers studied West Antarctica's landscape and found the ice sheet thinned relatively quickly after a period of warming, losing 400m of thickness in 3,000 years. This caused sea levels to increase by up to two metres.
Researchers have developed a theoretical framework to quantify the degree of transparency of 2D materials to an electrostatic field. This allows for microscopic control over charged carriers in bulk semiconductors, leading to next-generation optoelectronics with lower power consumption.
A new study suggests that the US prison population continues to rise despite a decline in crime rates, due to judges dealing with more repeat offenders with extensive criminal records. The average offender now has nearly twice as many prior felonies as they did in 1981.
Researchers have developed a gene therapy approach using ultrasound energy and microbubbles to selectively open cells, allowing delivery of therapeutic agents. The study's findings will help refine this technique as a clinical tool and translate it into an effective gene or drug delivery tool for patients.
A new study found that a combination of stem cell grafts and a compound called 3K3A-APC significantly improves motor and sensory functions in mice with stroke-induced brain damage. The therapy increases the production of nerve cells, forming functional connections with the host's nervous system.
New research from Purdue University suggests that soluble corn fiber can help young women build bone and retain calcium during adolescence, while also preserving bone health in older women post-menopause. The studies found improved bone calcium retention and absorption by 4.8% to 7%.
Scientists have developed injectable gels that can be injected into the heart to shore up weakened areas and prevent heart failure. The gels, made from hyaluronic acid, provide mechanical support and limit scar tissue formation, preserving the heart's size and blood-pumping ability.
Researchers aim to develop a recipe for solving runaway electron problems using simulations and data from worldwide experiments. The Simulation Center for Runaway Electron Avoidance and Mitigation will explore causes and solutions for relativistic runaway electrons traveling at nearly the speed of light.
Fascin protein plays a crucial role in deforming the cell nucleus to navigate through tight spaces. The study suggests that this ability may be exploited by cancer cells to invade tissues, making fascin a potential target for therapy.
Researchers at UTMB have protected nonhuman primates against Ebola Sudan four days after infection using a siRNA-based treatment. The treatment was effective even when animals showed signs of disease and had detectable levels of the virus in their blood.
Researchers at Georgia State University identified a brain mechanism that prevents morphine tolerance and addiction. Blocking a particular cytokine eliminated morphine tolerance, reducing the dose required for pain relief by half.
A new Kyoto University DNA test can identify disaster victims and confirm relatedness between distant relatives like second cousins with nearly 100% accuracy using a simple swab sample.
A study published in Evolution and Human Behavior found that regular churchgoers are perceived as more generous and hardworking compared to others. The researchers suggest that this is due to the potent signal sent by these individuals, demonstrating their generosity, devotion, and commitment to contributing to their communities.
Researchers developed nanoparticles that congregate at injury sites to form blood clots. These particles can cut bleeding time in half and reduce total blood loss, making them a potential game-changer for treating internal bleeding.
A new study finds that starting to watch pornography is associated with a higher likelihood of divorce among married Americans, especially women. The study, which analyzed nationally representative data, suggests that viewing pornography can negatively impact marital stability under certain social conditions.
A new study reveals that certain beetles, such as hidden-snout and toe-winged beetles, were pollinating orchids 20 million years ago. This discovery suggests that these beetles may have played a more significant role in orchid reproduction than previously thought.
Researchers found that chimpanzees choose to cooperate five times more frequently than compete, using various strategies to overcome competition. The study suggests shared roots of human cooperation with other primates and provides insight into human evolution.
Researchers found that omega-3 fatty acids reduced brain damage in mice with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. The study suggests that injecting DHA after a stroke-like event can protect brain mitochondria against free radical damage.
The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) has launched a new PatientINFO Center to provide high-quality, readable information on colorectal cancer. The center addresses gaps in existing resources, offering detailed information on screening options, risk factors, and prevention strategies.
A new study reveals that socioeconomic differences between white and ethnic minority patients are the main factor affecting their chances of survival. Patients with higher income, insurance status, and marital status tend to have better outcomes.
A vehicle's cold start is the best target for future design changes to meet tightening emissions requirements. Newer cars emit very low amounts of organic gases, with most emissions coming out immediately after starting the engine.
A comprehensive study on canine hereditary disorders found that 1 in 6 dogs carried genetic variants for diseases, and 1 in 6 previously unreported variants were discovered in a specific breed. The research highlights the importance of collaboration between academia and industry to improve dog health and welfare.
Gerontologists call for clinicians to coordinate care among orthopedics, rehabilitation services, and primary care to reevaluate patients' medication use after a fracture. Clinicians should consider reducing or discontinuing psychotropic medications linked to increased risk of falls and fractures, while prioritizing prescribing drugs k...
α-synuclein aggregates are transported between neurons via lysosomal vesicles in tunneling nanotubes, enabling Parkinson's disease progression. This discovery highlights the role of tunneling nanotubes in intercellular communication and lysosome-mediated protein disposal.
A study found that about three-quarters of patients were using medications associated with increased fracture risk before their fracture, and only a small proportion discontinued these drugs afterwards. The study suggests that some secondary fragility fractures may be preventable by managing high-risk drugs after a primary fracture event.
Tropical Storm Fiona weakened significantly as NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite captured its image on Aug. 22. The storm's clouds were pushed east by strong westerly shear, leading to a decrease in organization and thunderstorm activity.
Researchers at Tohoku University have developed a new technique for compressing Galois field arithmetic operations, resulting in the world's most efficient AES cryptographic processing circuit. This breakthrough enables the use of encryption technology in IoT devices with tight energy constraints, enhancing safety and security.
A new flexible smart window material can control both heat and light from the sun using an electric charge, aiming to save on cooling and heating bills. The material's unique nanostructure doubles its efficiency compared to conventional high-temperature processes.
Researchers found that logged forests can retain high levels of mammal diversity, especially for small mammals, and should be better protected. However, oil palm plantations show significant losses in diversity for both large and small mammals.
A new study found that well owners in Kansas are significantly more aware of water supplies and policies, prioritizing conservation and issues related to the High Plains Aquifer. This research has broader implications for environmental stewardship and groundwater management.
Infants of obese mothers exhibit impaired expression of genes regulating cell energy and metabolism, correlating with higher levels of metabolically deleterious lipids in their blood. This study may pave the way for improved healthcare and early interventions for children at risk of obesity.
Dr. Leonidas Iasemidis leads a multi-institutional team to investigate the origins and impacts of brain seizures associated with epilepsy. The project aims to uncover the causes of seizures and their impact on higher brain functions such as memory.
The collaboration aims to significantly boost the ease and frequency of data collection for crop testing, benefiting agricultural production worldwide. Ground and aerial robots equipped with high-tech cameras, sensors, and embedded computers were put on display at Clemson University.
Researchers found that hibernating pygmy-possums can detect smoke and respond to danger when their body temperatures reach around 24 degrees Celsius. However, at colder temperatures, their reactions are slow and basic. This study has implications for prescribed bushfires in Australia.
Scientists have created embryos with 'heteroplasmy,' a presence of both maternal and paternal mitochondrial DNA, allowing them to study potential treatments for mitochondrial diseases. Researchers found that inhibiting two proteins can prevent the removal of paternal mitochondrial DNA from embryos.
Researchers successfully merge light and matter, creating a new condensed matter state with strongly coupled electrons. The discovery could advance technologies like quantum computers and communications by revealing new phenomena in cavity quantum electrodynamics.
A novel imaging technique allows visualization and monitoring of structural alterations in neuronal networks after traumatic brain damage, stroke, or aging processes. This enables detection and characterization of diseases like dementia, epilepsy, and metabolic disorders.
A study found that geothermal energy production in the Salton Sea Geothermal Field increased the background seismicity rate, but not in other areas. The researchers used advanced models and earthquake data to analyze the connection between geothermal production and seismic activity.
Researchers discovered that melanoma sends tiny vesicles containing microRNA before spreading, inducing morphological changes in the dermis. They found promising chemical substances to block this process, offering hope for a cure for the deadly disease.
Researchers have discovered a novel trait evolution mechanism by studying cyclops-eyed beetles, which recruited existing genes to create new physical traits in adulthood. The study reveals that lingering gene expression can serve as a 'stepping stone' for recruiting genes into making new traits.
A new study found that a human protein combined with stem cell therapy can repair brain damage caused by stroke. The treatment, known as 3K3A-APC, was tested in mice and showed promising results, including the growth of functional neurons and improved motor function. Researchers believe this could pave the way for a potential breakthro...
UK cardiovascular deaths plummeted by almost 70% over 30 years, but prevalence remained unchanged. Drug and surgical treatments on the rise, particularly among men.
A recent analysis calls for broader support for patients with serious chronic illnesses, moving away from end-of-life focus and expanding medical education. Canada ranks 18th worldwide in palliative care availability and must develop more strategies to promote care to patients with non-cancerous illnesses.
A new study identifies a specific chain of proteins activated during barnacle metamorphosis, suggesting bacteria play a crucial role in their development. The findings could lead to the development of ship coatings that inhibit bacterial cues, mitigating biofouling issues.
A new study found that young children with mild, persistent asthma can tolerate acetaminophen without worsening their symptoms. The study, funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, compared acetaminophen to ibuprofen in 300 children aged 1-5 years old.
A Monash University and Harvard researchers have discovered the molecular cause of the itchy, painful rash caused by poison ivy. The finding identifies CD1a as a crucial immune molecule in mediating skin inflammation and irritation after contact with urushiol, a key player in triggering skin-based allergic reactions.
Researchers at IBS find PLEKHG3 plays a crucial role in cell polarity and migration, allowing fibroblasts to move faster. The discovery can benefit fields like cancer, immunology, and neurological research.
According to new guidelines, physicians and parents can ward off problems at both ends of the weight spectrum by avoiding focusing teens' attention on weight or dieting. Family meals protect against weight problems, while promoting a balanced diet and regular exercise can help teenagers develop a healthy body image.
A new study finds that inmates are using ramen noodles as a form of money due to declining prison food services, signaling a trend of punitive frugality. Inmates are trying to figure out ways to better feed themselves as services are being cut back, leading to the rise of underground economy practices.
A nationwide study found that job satisfaction in late 20s and 30s has a significant impact on mental health in early 40s, with consistently low satisfaction linked to depression, sleep problems, and excessive worry. The study also showed that people whose job satisfaction started high but declined had more trouble sleeping and excessi...
Researchers observed microsporidia fuse animal cells together to multiply and spread within hosts' uninfected cells. The process allows for rapid replication and invasion of the entire intestinal organ.
After major trauma, debris from damaged cell powerhouses triggers an immune response in the kidneys, leading to permanent damage or destruction. Researchers aim to prevent this by understanding how formyl peptide receptors activate the immune system.
Breast density and risk can inform decision to adjust mammogram screening frequency; average-risk women with lower breast density may safely extend screening interval to once every three years. Higher-risk women with dense breasts would reap greater benefit from annual screening, according to the American College of Physicians.
Researchers have developed a new technique to observe brain activity in real-time, enabling them to study how we learn and develop addictions. The 'CNiFERs' tool measures the release of specific neurotransmitters, revealing the timing of dopamine surges during learning and addiction processes.
A study by University of Kansas researchers found that environmental organizations have shifted towards neoliberal policies, prioritizing economic expansion over radical changes. This shift has led to inadequate responses to climate change and other environmental issues.
A study published in Annals of Oncology found that breast cancer patients on hormone therapies experienced more side-effects if they had high expectations of suffering. The researchers suggest that counseling could lower the risk and improve adherence to medication.
In Kansas, healthcare consumer advocates pushed for moderation in Medicaid reform, securing modest wins despite facing limits. Their strategies reshaped the discourse on accountability and responsibility, informing mechanisms like public oversight committees.
Researchers have created a new, degradable synthetic rubber that can be easily recycled and reused in tires and other products. The material, made from cyclopentene, is produced using low-energy conditions and can recover 100% of its starting material.
The grant will recruit three promising graduate student scholars and a fourth student with funding support. The project aims to develop interdisciplinary training in translational genomics, linking agricultural, life, and computing sciences to promote sustainable food and energy supply.
The Syracuse University-Cal State Fullerton partnership aims to recruit and expand the number of underrepresented students in gravitational-wave astronomy. The five-year project, funded by the National Science Foundation, will provide multiple three-year fellowships for CSUF students to transfer into Syracuse's Ph.D. program in physics.
Scientists have found that cell boundary elongation is driven by the activity of actomyosin networks in neighboring cells, not within the same cell. This discovery sheds light on the complex processes involved in tissue development and organ specialization.
Research at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that beta 1 adrenergic receptors mediate ghrelin release, which prevents hypoglycemia. The study suggests that suppression of ghrelin release by beta blockers may be responsible for low blood sugar levels in children taking these drugs.
Research by Adam Rose at German Cancer Research Center shows that low protein diets can improve glucose homeostasis and reduce metabolic disorders in obese mice. Low protein intake activates stress response pathways in the liver, promoting metabolic integrity.