A new study on the King Fire in California finds that even large, intense fires like this one do not exterminate spotted owls. In fact, owl populations may be resilient to megafires, contrary to previous studies, which suggests a reevaluation of forest thinning and prescribed burns as conservation strategies.
Sampath Vengate's innovative design uses weighted flight to turn the aircraft, eliminating the need for ailerons and elevators. This technology has potential applications for stealth and hypersonic aircraft, cutting down on radar signatures and fuel consumption.
The US Department of Agriculture has awarded grants totaling $36.5 million to support research and extension projects in specialty crop production. These projects focus on improving crop yields, addressing food safety concerns, and promoting sustainable agriculture practices.
A recent study found that combat exposure among Army enlisted women was associated with an increased likelihood of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and at-risk drinking after deployment. Women with combat exposure were 20 times more likely to screen positive for PTSD compared to those with no exposure.
A recent study reveals that tree cover on agricultural land has increased globally, capturing vast amounts of carbon dioxide and potentially playing a significant role in mitigating climate change. The research highlights the importance of agroforestry systems in reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture.
A study published in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research found that heritability of thoracic spine curvature is significant, with a heritability score of 54%, suggesting genetic control. This discovery may inform prevention efforts for hyperkyphosis, a condition causing breathing, walking, and daily life difficulties.
A new study calls for collaboration between modelers and soil scientists to improve understanding of soil carbon turnover and its potential impact on climate feedbacks. The researchers aim to increase confidence in climate projections by representing a range of ideas about how the world works in models.
Researchers discovered that a specific molecular pathway is responsible for the metabolic changes in exhausted T cells, which are crucial for effective immune response. By targeting this pathway, scientists may develop new cancer therapies to enhance treatment outcomes.
A relational aggression prevention program for urban girls improves overall classroom climate, with benefits extending to boys and teachers. The program, Friend to Friend (F2F), teaches problem-solving, anger management strategies, and leadership skills.
A genetic mutation in modern humans may have allowed them to effectively process toxic compounds produced by fires, potentially giving them an evolutionary edge. This mutation is thought to be linked to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and may have helped humans adapt to environmental toxin exposures.
Researchers found that existing depression screening tools do not accurately identify 6- to 18-year-olds with depression. The study suggests that these tools may incorrectly label non-depressed children as depressed, leading to potential misuse of psychiatric medications and resources.
A research team at The Dartmouth Institute is conducting a three-year study to compare care with and without decision aids for women newly diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer. The study aims to show that using decision aids reduces anxiety, decision regret, and improves quality of life for patients.
NASA's IMERG data revealed strong bands of heavy rain extending east-west over north-central Maryland, with localized areas experiencing higher rates. The area affected suffered devastating flooding, including the historic town of Ellicott City, where two people drowned and numerous cars were damaged.
A recent study published in mBio found that obese mice who received influenza vaccines with and without adjuvants were not protected against the flu. Despite increased antibody responses, obese mice succumbed to infection due to a combination of factors, including increased viral load and severe disease severity.
A Brown University study used a custom-built device to compress neurons in 3-D cell cultures and observed their reaction to traumatic brain injury. The findings suggest that there may be a window for therapeutic intervention aimed at minimizing further damage, with irreparable structural damage occurring after approximately six hours.
A study published in Nature found that the majority of new genetic mutations in E. coli bacteria are beneficial and occur at variable rates, contrary to previous assumptions. This discovery has implications for treating bacterial infections and may impact personalized medicine.
Researchers found that a sea lion named Ronan can keep the beat better than any other non-human animal, suggesting that beat-keeping abilities may be more ancient and widespread than thought. The study used mathematical equations to analyze Ronan's brain activity while she moved to different rhythms.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that maternal health services in rural Liberia suffered a significant impact during the Ebola epidemic, with facility-based deliveries decreasing by approximately 8%. The researchers noted that fear of transmission in health facilities was a major factor contributing to this decline.
Researchers have developed mathematical models that can ensure new pipeline systems are designed economically and efficiently. The models use computational fluid dynamics to predict the optimum design for hydraulic capsule pipelines, which can convey bulk solids effectively.
Researchers from MIT's CSAIL have developed an imaging technique called Interactive Dynamic Video (IDV) that lets users reach in and interact with objects in videos. By analyzing video clips for 'vibration modes,' the team can predict how objects will move in new situations, enabling realistic simulations.
A new study from Duke University predicts which binary alloys will form metallic glasses, paving the way for strong and conductive materials. The technique involves analyzing structures and energies within solidified alloys to identify potential metallic glasses.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have developed a system using transformed human stem cells to speed up screening of existing drugs for rare brain and other cancers. This method enables more confident comparison with human cells, leading to promising treatments like CDK inhibitors for Group 3 medulloblastoma.
Researchers at Charité are developing a personalized virtual brain model using big data and advanced simulations. They aim to improve our understanding of cognitive performance by analyzing the interaction between individual brain components.
A new scheme improved prostate cancer prognosis by grouping men into 5 strata based on clinical measurements like PSA level, disease stage, and tumor grade. This method performed better in predicting cancer death compared to the current risk stratification system.
Researchers at KIT have created a novel type of photodetector that can transmit information at speeds of up to 40 gigabits per second, using surface plasmon polaritons to combine optics and electronics on a tiny space. The smallest photodetectors worldwide for optical data transmission can be used for integrated optical circuits.
Researchers at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) found that members of a cluster of microRNAs work together throughout the stages of immune cell generation. Different miRNAs dominate different stages as disease-targeting immune cells develop, guiding the development of therapies against autoimmune diseases.
A new study published in Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers found that analyzing cell-free DNA using next-generation sequencing is more accurate than the current standard approach of Sanger sequencing. This method can detect genetic abnormalities responsible for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with greater sensitivity.
A significant number of patients on clopidogrel therapy are also prescribed proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) omeprazole or esomeprazole, increasing the risk of cardiovascular events. Despite regulatory warnings, many physicians have continued to prescribe this combination.
Researchers at the University of Oxford have developed a machine learning tool to diagnose childhood pneumonia more accurately and cost-effectively. The tool uses data from basic equipment such as pulse oximeters, thermometers, and stethoscopes, achieving high sensitivity and specificity rates compared to existing guidelines.
A recent study found a positive association between adolescents' exposure to various types of alcohol marketing and their increased drinking frequency. The research suggests that restricting the volume of alcohol marketing to which young people are exposed could help reduce youth drinking. The findings support demands for stricter regu...
Researchers found that high levels of acceleration, total distance covered, and short bursts of speed are linked to increased injury risk. The study provides guidelines for reducing injury occurrence in elite youth football by organizing training sessions to fluctuate between high and low workloads.
Research led by Catherine Hedrick found that removing ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) from immune cells increases regulatory T cell production, decreases pro-inflammatory T cells, and reduces atherosclerotic lesions in mice. This suggests that therapies targeting ABCG1 could help control atherosclerosis.
PharmaMar starts a pivotal Phase III ATLANTIS study evaluating efficacy and safety of PM1183 in combination with doxorubicin versus topotecan or VCR for patients with SCLC after prior platinum-containing line failure. The primary endpoint is to improve progression-free survival.
A recent study found that visual cues, such as photos of stores or business owners, can reassure wary online shoppers and increase purchases. The research suggests that including these elements can help small retailers overcome the constraints of distance and anonymity in e-commerce.
A University of Queensland study found that over a decade after hysterectomy with ovary conservation, nearly one-third of women experienced persistent hot flushes, while almost half suffered from frequent night sweats. The study suggests an abrupt decline in estrogen levels may contribute to this increased risk.
A Tanzanian study has found that people infected with the parasitic worm W bancrofti in areas where HIV is endemic are more likely to acquire HIV. The study, published in The Lancet, suggests that controlling lymphatic filariasis could prevent incident HIV infections among the 120 million people living with this chronic infection.
The American Cancer Society's new guidelines modify mammography ages and emphasize patient involvement in decision-making. The shift aims to balance cancer detection with the high rate of false positives, which are approximately 19 times more likely than true positives.
A team of Penn State researchers identified a genetic mutation in modern humans that increased their tolerance to toxic smoke and fire. This mutation, found only in humans, may have given ancient humans an edge over Neandertals, who were more susceptible to respiratory problems and cellular toxicity.
The CO2 Sounder Lidar is a strong contender for the ASCENDS mission, which aims to measure global atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. The instrument uses advanced technologies, including a highly sensitive solid-state detector and a rapidly tuning laser system, to achieve unprecedented precision and resolution.
Scientists have developed a novel combination of an aptamer and siRNAs to target two tumor-dependent genes in prostate cancer cells. This approach shows promise for effective, less toxic gene therapies for various cancers. The strategy uses two 'missiles' to bind to specific proteins, increasing its grip on cancer targets.
A team of biologists has discovered a male-harming DNA mutation in fruit flies that reduces fertility in males as they age. The study confirms the 'mother's curse' hypothesis, which suggests that moms may transmit genes to their children that harm their sons but not their daughters.
Research at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that high school students with psychiatric symptoms were more likely to use substances like alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana. The study highlights the link between mental health issues and substance use among teenagers in Brazil.
Brazil performs more liver transplant surgeries than Latin America and globally ranks third in absolute terms. However, the country's increasing population and inadequate donor organ supply lead to only 5-10 liver transplants per million population annually.
A new strain of C. difficile is killing up to 15% of infected patients due to its potent toxin that destroys protective cells, leading to increased inflammation. Researchers suggest blocking the toxin could lead to a new treatment to stop this deadly strain.
Patients with non-functional adrenal tumors are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, a new study reveals. According to the research, even benign tumors that don't secrete hormones can increase the risk of metabolic diseases.
A new study by the University of Malta and CNRS/Université de Montpellier reveals a faulty cellular machine cutting and pasting genetic instructions for motor neuron disease. The research suggests that ALS and SMA are related disorders with a shared mechanism that could lead to common treatments.
Astronomers have peer into a nearby star's past, using low-frequency radio observations to fine-tune our understanding of stellar explosions. The team found the red supergiant lost matter at a slower rate and generated slower winds, improving knowledge of space composition.
A new study by TSRI scientists identifies microRNA-155 as a key player in regulating protein levels and combating disease. The researchers found that miR-155 works by repressing a protein called Peli1, promoting normal T cell proliferation and antibody production.
Researchers found that blocking specific cell signaling pathways may reduce the risk of preterm labor caused by inflammation or stop it altogether. The study also identified key molecules in the Notch signaling pathway, paving the way for therapies to control preterm labor in humans.
Researchers found that 3D films inspire stronger feelings of being drawn into the story than 2D films, but also cause more nausea. The study showed no detectable differences between real and algorithmically converted 3D films.
New research suggests EBV infection may increase risk of developing breast cancer, particularly high-grade estrogen-receptor-negative disease. EBV binds to breast cells, causing them to take on stem cell characteristics and accelerating tumor formation.
Tropical Storm Howard forms in Eastern Pacific after intensifying from Tropical Depression 9E, becoming the ninth storm of the season with maximum sustained winds near 40 mph. The storm is expected to strengthen further before weakening over cooler waters.
Research suggests that online product selection leads to increased customer spending, with popular and niche items generating significant revenue for retailers. Customers spend almost 11% more on main offerings and 250% more on hard-to-find niche items compared to catalog shoppers.
Symptom spikes, also called exacerbations, were found to be common in children after concussion, with about one-third experiencing them. The study suggests that returning to full activities too quickly increases the risk of a symptom spike, but these events may not be clinically significant.
Ender Finol's American Heart Association award supports freezing aortic aneurysms before they burst. Researchers aim to apply the chemical compound pentagalloyl glucose non-invasively to human subjects.
The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation awarded six young scientists the Klerman & Freedman Prizes for their innovative clinical and basic research. The prizes recognize outstanding talent in neuropsychiatry and aim to advance understanding of mental illness, develop new diagnostic tools, and create effective treatments.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory develop new method to convert CO2 into carbon monoxide, a reactant for making methanol fuel. The process is efficient and uses minimal energy, with the catalyst lasting over 100 hours.
Researchers found that African-American women were twice as likely to choose autologous breast reconstruction over implant-based reconstruction. The study of 2,500 women undergoing breast reconstruction suggests patient preferences may play a role in the disparity. Further research is needed to confirm findings and evaluate potential r...
A new study suggests that generic biologic drugs are as safe and effective as their brand-name counterparts, offering a cheaper alternative for consumers and the healthcare system. The findings have significant implications for the pharmaceutical market, with wide adoption of biosimilars expected to save billions of dollars.
A new study reveals that DNA, but not RNA, can contort itself into different shapes to absorb chemical damage and maintain genome stability. Researchers used advanced imaging techniques to visualize these tiny changes in DNA's double helix.