A study of internal medicine residency program directors found that while most were satisfied with their current handoff strategies, implementation varied widely, ranging from 6 to 67 percent
Researchers have developed a new model to predict the survival of fish embryos in high temperatures, taking into account the relationship between egg size and water flow. The study found that larger eggs require more oxygen and can survive in slower-flowing waters, but this relationship is not always consistent with laboratory results.
The Practical Approach to Care Kit (PACK) provides a generic framework for customizing healthcare solutions in individual countries or states. By empowering health workers, PACK aims to improve primary care and address the growing burden of non-communicable diseases in low-income countries.
A two-year study led by the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine found no significant reduction in pneumonia cases among children using cleaner burning biomass-fueled cookstoves. However, a secondary analysis showed a 42% decrease in non-serious burns in the cookstove group.
Pacritinib significantly reduces spleen size among people with very low levels of platelets, while a twice-daily dose improves symptoms. The study also showed that pacritinib is effective in treating patients who have previously been treated with ruxolitinib.
A team at Tohoku University found that when a cluster of neon atoms is exposed to intense extreme ultraviolet light, it initiates a cascading process that produces many low-energy electrons. This mechanism could have implications for future radiation therapy.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have identified a new biomarker called SHOX2, which predicts poor survival in intermediate-grade gliomas. The finding has the potential to help doctors choose the best treatment and improve patient outcomes.
California Management Review (CMR) is a quarterly journal affiliated with the Haas School of Business at UC Berkeley, addressing current management issues and providing practical advice. The partnership between SAGE Journals and CMR aims to increase its readership and contribute to advancing management research and practice.
Cancer Treatment Centers of America (CTCA) researchers present four studies on lung cancer treatment and survival, including a protein linked to malaria as a potential biomarker and genomic sequencing to accelerate therapeutics development.
Scientists found that breathing rhythm affects memory and fear by synchronizing activity in the human brain. Inhaling through the nose heightens memory and response to fearful stimuli, while mouth breathing eliminates these effects.
Researchers at Duke University have identified a set of DNA-binding proteins in Arabidopsis roots that work together to trigger stem cell differentiation and create specialized cells with distinct roles. This discovery sheds light on the longstanding question of how plants make so many types of cells from the same genetic instructions.
Scientists at ANU have designed a nano crystal that turns darkness into visible light, enabling the creation of lightweight night-vision glasses. This innovation has potential applications in anti-counterfeit devices, medical imaging, and holographic displays.
A team of Korean researchers has developed a wobulation technique that enhances the resolution of flow-lithography produced nanostructures. By staggering UV patterns and reducing exposure time, they achieved higher-resolution frames without narrowing the field of view.
A recent study found that habitat destruction has far surpassed habitat protection globally, with nearly half of the world's ecoregions classified as 'very high risk'. This loss has been particularly pronounced in Europe, South Asia, and North America, with many species facing extinction due to human activity.
Scientists at the NIH used advanced brain imaging technology to study cerebral malaria, revealing how the disease kills thousands of people each year. The research suggests a potential treatment involving removing CD8+ T cells from blood vessel walls, increasing survival rates.
A recent study from Umeå University found that young salmon's desire to migrate to the sea is partly limited by their fear of the unknown downstream. Researchers used anxiolytic medication to treat the salmon and found that treated fish migrated nearly twice as fast as untreated ones.
A study published in Cell Reports reveals that the BCG vaccine's broad-spectrum effects could be mediated by metabolic and epigenetic changes in monocytes, leading to trained immunity. This discovery could pave the way for new therapeutic approaches to boost vaccine effectiveness.
A longitudinal study conducted in Tennessee found that low-income children's math knowledge in preschool is related to their later achievement, with specific skills like patterning and counting objects being stronger predictors. This suggests that educators should focus on these areas of math development in the early years.
A study found that men eat more when in social situations, especially with spectators, due to the desire to demonstrate strength and virility. Women, on the other hand, tend to eat less with spectators and describe the experience as embarrassing.
Scientists have discovered how the human immune system targets Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that causes TB. The study provides key insight into how the immune system can recognize TB-infected cells, which could lead to the development of new diagnostic tools and novel immunotherapies.
The US Department of Transportation has awarded $14 million to the University of Washington-led Pacific Northwest Transportation Consortium to improve regional mobility. The grant will focus on addressing diverse mobility challenges, including alleviating traffic congestion and improving transit accessibility for people with disabilities.
Researchers have discovered a crucial regulatory mechanism for sex determination in vertebrates, centered on the DMRT1 gene. The study found that the ncEx1 promoter sequence plays a vital role in regulating gene expression, particularly in germ cells and somatic cells.
A University of Liverpool study found that reducing the dose of leukemia drug tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) can safely reduce side effects in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Patients who achieved stable molecular remission levels showed no evidence of leukaemia rebound after cutting their TKI dose, with some reporting signif...
Game theory and algorithms improve security by randomizing patrols to evade attackers' predictions. Real-world applications have led to measurable improvements in security for US Coast Guard ferry protection since 2011.
Researchers have identified the functions of two sibling RNA-binding proteins in neural stem cells and neurons. PTBP1 and PTBP2 serve both redundant and unique roles in brain development, contributing to neuronal differentiation. This discovery has implications for fine-tuning stem cell therapeutic strategies for neurologic disorders.
Researchers developed an artificial structure that can switch on immune cells to target and destroy cancer cells. The system mimics the cell membrane of antigen-presenting cells, which are responsible for activating immune responses against cancer.
Research finds small populations of little brown bats in New York have lower infection levels, suggesting host resistance to white-nose syndrome. This is good news for some bat colonies, but other species show no sign of being able to persist with the disease.
A Chinese research group found that the Tibetan Mastiff's high-altitude adaptation is due to interbreeding with the Tibet grey wolf, introducing a DNA swap at two genomic hotspots. This process shares similarities with human evolution, highlighting ancient interbreeding as a key factor in adaptations.
Research papers in PLOS Medicine discuss progress in cancer genomics, including whole-genome sequencing and gene expression changes. Studies on breast cancer and brain tumors provide insights into tumor evolution and metastasis, potentially leading to new treatments and prognosis estimation.
A panel of urologists and radiologists recommends using prostate MRI and MRI targeted biopsy for patients with suspected prostate cancer despite a prior negative biopsy. The recommended guidelines aim to improve detection rates, accuracy, and treatment options for these patients.
Researchers found that nusinersen treatment slowed disease progression, improved survival, and showed remarkable improvement in muscle function in infant-onset SMA patients. The study demonstrated safety and effectiveness of the treatment in infants as young as five weeks old.
A team of scientists has unveiled a novel role for thymic dendritic cells in regulating T cell egress into the bloodstream. This discovery could lead to new treatments for autoimmune diseases and cancer by understanding how the body regulates lymphocyte trafficking.
Researchers found that measuring carbon isotope 13C can identify distortion in radiocarbon age of materials caused by fossil fuel emissions. This method allows for accurate age determination, even when atmospheric CO2 levels are high.
Researchers at the Babraham Institute used CRISPR to delete PRC2 from human embryonic stem cells, revealing its role in keeping genes switched off until needed. Loss of PRC2 caused compromised cell quality and specialisation into mature cell types.
Researchers report that over half the planet has been converted to human-dominated land use, with alarming levels of habitat loss persisting. The study highlights the need for targeted conservation interventions in crisis and at-risk ecoregions where habitats are disappearing.
The 2015 Renewable Energy Data Book reveals significant US renewable energy growth, with solar and wind capacities increasing by 35.8% and 5.1%, respectively. Globally, renewables accounted for over 24% of electricity generation, up from 21.3% in 2014.
Researchers at LSU Health New Orleans report a complete response in a patient with long history of melanoma after treatment with a combination of an interferon and melanoma vaccine. The FDA has approved a first-of-its-kind therapy, talimogene laherparepvec, which shows a 10.8% complete response rate.
Researchers built a marine archive by analyzing annual growth increments in clam shells from the North Icelandic Shelf. The study found that ocean variability played an active role in driving major pre-industrial climate fluctuations.
The federal report emphasizes building children's self-regulation skills, which enable them to manage thoughts and feelings, control impulses, and problem-solve. This skill development is crucial for academic achievement, physical health, and socioeconomic success.
A recent study found significant correlations between East Asian dust events and chlorophyll a concentration in the North Pacific Ocean and Chinese marginal seas. Dust fertilization on marine biological productivity was also observed, with phytoplankton growth related to dust deposition in the Yellow Sea.
A new drug, nusinersen, has shown promise in improving muscle function and nerve activity in babies with infantile-onset spinal muscular atrophy. The phase 2 trial found remarkable improvements in muscle function, but the results are considered preliminary due to the small sample size and open-label design.
Researchers found unemployed workers had the highest risk of misusing prescription opioids, while those out of the workforce entirely were most at risk for misusing prescription stimulants. Nonmedical prescription opioid use costs the US $42 billion in lost productivity annually.
A new study from the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety reveals that drivers missing 1-2 hours of sleep nearly double their risk for a crash. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that 35% of U.S. drivers sleep less than seven hours daily.
Researchers from IASLC present significant findings on osimertinib reducing disease progression by 70% in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Additionally, studies demonstrate improved progression-free survival and reduced side effects for icotinib-treated patients with brain metastases.
Researchers found that drivers experience a period of adjustment when transitioning from autonomous to manual driving, affecting steering performance. The study highlights the importance of acknowledging this physical change and its potential impact on driving conditions.
Researchers challenged a popular autism hypothesis by studying brain responses to repeated visual and tactile stimuli. The findings showed that brain responses were as stable as those of healthy controls, contradicting the idea that unreliable brain activity causes autism symptoms.
Researchers at UTMB engineered Ebola virus variants to study the components disabling the human immune system. The study found that IIDs promote replication of viral particles in cells and counteract the activity of immune cells.
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University discovered that the brain temporarily blocks new memory formation upon waking to prevent disruption of memory consolidation during sleep. This process involves a protein synthesis-dependent mechanism that inhibits learning just after awakening.
Researchers have identified a new adaptor protein on the microtubule roadway that helps motors navigate proteins to their correct destinations. This discovery challenges previous assumptions about motor function and has implications for understanding diseases such as cancer and cardiac disease.
A new study found that low-income Latino children who attended either public school prekindergarten or center-based care with child care subsidies at age 4 did well through the end of third grade. Public school prekindergarten appeared to improve academic outcomes for third-grade Latino children, especially English language learners.
Researchers found that gift givers prioritize 'wow' moments over practical attributes, leading to mismatched expectations. To choose better gifts, consider the recipient's long-term needs and values.
Researchers have identified protein p63 as crucial for triggering 'cell-suicide' in eye cancer cells, providing a breakthrough for metastatic uveal melanoma treatment. The discovery may lead to novel therapeutic strategies by targeting this protein in combination with other genes.
Researchers detect misfolded alpha-synuclein aggregates in cerebrospinal fluid to diagnose Parkinson's disease. The Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification technology detects small amounts of the protein, correlating with disease severity.
The researchers developed a new metric to measure vertical agility, which allowed them to rank animals by their jumping agility and identify the galago as an inspiration for design. Salto achieved 78% of the galago's vertical jumping agility, with a maximum jump height of roughly 1.008 meters.
New research investigates how native California wild mustard species respond to temperature stress, highlighting natural variation in thermotolerance. The study identifies the Boechera genus as a tractable system for studying thermotolerance and gaining insights into heat stress mechanisms.
A new study calls for a shift in conservation approaches that consider humans' livelihoods, cultural traditions, and dependence on natural resources. This can lead to successful conservation projects when both natural and social scientists work together with local communities.
Researchers compare biodiversity trends with the stock market to develop a framework for preventing species loss. The concept of Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) can help document critical changes in biodiversity and inform policy decisions.
A new study found that cancer cases are growing at an alarming rate in less developed countries, with a 50% increase between 2005 and 2015. The global burden of disease is heaviest for countries with high development levels, but the most rapid escalation can be seen in low-income nations where health services are often lacking.
A new study reveals that ice age vertebrate species in the eastern US responded to glacial cycles and global warming in different ways. The research found that about 75% of animals expanded their populations, while 25% contracted, suggesting additional complexity in climate change impacts.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have discovered a molecular trigger that can activate a 'browning program' in white adipocytes, making them more like energy-burning brown adipocytes. This discovery could lead to new treatments for obesity and diabetes.