Researchers developed an electrical graphene chip capable of detecting DNA mutations at high resolution. The technology could be used in various medical applications such as blood-based tests for early cancer screening and real-time detection of viral and microbial sequences.
Scientists at Princeton University have found a common underlying connection between diverse materials exhibiting extreme magnetoresistance. This property could be useful for developing new types of magnetic memory devices.
A team of researchers at UC Riverside led by Sara C. Mednick found that the autonomic nervous system is responsible for promoting memory consolidation during sleep. They demonstrated a correlation between increased ANS activity and improved memory performance after a nap.
A new study led by the University of Colorado Boulder found that global ethane emissions are increasing again after a steady decline between 1970 and 2005. The majority of the increase is attributed to North American oil and gas activity, which has reversed the emission controls implemented in the past.
A study by University of Tsukuba researchers reveals that dioxin exposure disrupts AhR signaling, leading to slowed neuron migration and altered brain development. This mechanism may explain abnormal behavioral alterations caused by dioxin exposure in laboratory animals.
A new study reveals significant regional, demographic, and educational differences in how Americans share health information online. Young people discuss ADHD on drug review sites, while older users discuss physical disorders like diabetes and heart conditions.
A new study found that older people's brains absorb irrelevant information subconsciously, making it harder for them to recall details. This 'clutter' in their minds negatively impacts their ability to clearly remember relevant information.
Researchers identified genes allowing some algae to tolerate high ocean temperatures, which could help predict coral bleaching risk. The study found that warmer reef algae can activate heat-tolerant genes to counter damaging effects of reactive oxygen species.
A novel CT-based calculation method, SULps, accurately measures lean body mass using computed tomography, leading to more precise PET imaging results. This improvement enables better staging of disease and therapy monitoring in cancer patients.
A team of scientists has discovered the first complex organic chiral molecule in interstellar space, propylene oxide, near the center of our Galaxy in a star-forming cloud. The detection opens the door for further experiments to determine how molecular handedness emerges and why one form may be more abundant than the other.
A new study at CU-Boulder found that empathy for others' pain is rooted in cognitive neural processes rather than sensory ones. The research suggests that empathy involves mentalizing and taking another person's perspective, distinct from experiencing physical pain.
A Brazilian study found that only 21% of women and 29% of men met international standards for moderate weekly physical activity. Active participants were healthier, with lower blood pressure and heart rates, and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease.
A new study suggests that dispensary-grade cannabis may contain harmful yeasts and toxic molds, compromising its medicinal benefits. The researchers recommend re-evaluating culture-based techniques and conducting additional sequencing-based studies to investigate the cannabis microbiome.
Penn State College of Medicine faculty define health systems science and its curriculum, complementing basic and clinical sciences. They identified 12 core domains and cross-cutting domains to be included in medical school curricula.
A new framework uses phylogenetic information, relevant traits, and environmental gradients to reduce incorrect conclusions about community assembly. The framework combines three approaches to test hypotheses and identify signatures of key processes.
The ACMG Foundation has received a $165,000 commitment from Pfizer to provide fellowship grants for clinical genetics training. This funding will support the education and research of fellows in medical genetics.
A Princeton University study examines the impact of parent incarceration on a child's future and finds youth who experience household member imprisonment are 41% more likely to give birth before marriage. This risk is highest for fathers or extended family members, highlighting the need for interventions targeting vulnerable populations.
Two giant sinkholes near Wink, Texas, are experiencing subsidence and expansion, suggesting an increased risk of collapse. Groundwater levels and dissolving minerals underlie the area's unstable ground, which is linked to changing groundwater levels and successive roof failures in underlying cavities.
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma have developed a new mass spectrometry technique that can quantify anti-cancer drugs in individual cancer cells. This breakthrough technology aims to improve treatment efficacy and reduce toxicities for cancer patients.
Researchers have created summative world maps of mammal-to-human diseases, revealing understudied patterns and insights into zoonotic disease emergence. The maps show that hotspots of zoonotic diseases don't match hotspots of biodiversity closely, with more zoonotic hosts in the tropics but more zoonotic diseases in temperate regions.
A prospective, multinational study investigating virological and immunological changes due to HIV prior to clinical symptoms has identified 112 people with newly acquired infections just days after HIV exposure. The study provides valuable insights into the early stages of HIV infection and its impact on immune defense mechanisms.
A new study estimates California's street trees provide benefits worth $1 billion, including carbon storage, air pollutant removal, and energy savings. The study also highlights the need for tree diversification and density management to optimize urban forest performance.
A plant-based diet rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes is associated with a 20% reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. The study found that even modestly lowering animal food consumption can lower diabetes incidence.
Research suggests that female patients with migraines have a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including stroke and heart attacks. The study found a 50% higher risk of developing cardiovascular events in women with a diagnosis of migraine.
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that adding color-coded calorie labels to online food ordering systems reduces total calories ordered by about 10%. The simple traffic light labeling had a particularly strong impact among participants with low math skills and those who are obese.
A new study published in Hormones and Behavior shows that oxytocin administration enhances facial mimicry and emotion recognition in adult males. The researchers found that the subjects who received oxytocin exhibited greater facial mimicry when observing infant faces, which was not seen in those who received a placebo.
A recent study published in an online supplement of the journal Sleep found that normal older adults with excessive daytime sleepiness or fatigue had more brain atrophy and lower cognitive scores. The research may help identify individuals at higher risk for dementia before symptoms appear, allowing early interventions to prevent progr...
A new study at Iowa State University found that self-stigma is a major barrier to seeking mental health information and counseling. Only 2.2% of participants with high self-stigma clicked the link for counseling information.
Researchers examined documents on direct-to-consumer marketing of hemophilia treatment products, revealing a strategy that begins in childhood and continues into adulthood. The marketing strategies focus on personal relationships and foster brand loyalty, with companies spending millions to target consumers.
A systematic review of 45 studies found that higher whole grain consumption was associated with reduced risks of coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and mortality from various causes. The researchers recommend increasing whole grain intake to reduce chronic disease risk.
A rapid and specific diagnostic assay can detect pathogens in blood within an hour, distinguishing between infectious and non-infectious causes of inflammation. The assay uses FcMBL, a genetically engineered pathogen-binding protein, to identify infection-causing pathogens with high sensitivity and broad specificity.
A new study found that NFL, NBA, and NHL teams have a higher winning percentage when traveling east compared to west. The researchers analyzed data from the past five years of regular season games in these sports leagues, highlighting the importance of circadian rhythms on sport performance.
Researchers at Helmholtz Munich have developed a new method to predict disease progression in glioblastoma patients. By analyzing four specific miRNAs, they can identify patients who are at high risk of poor treatment outcomes and may benefit from alternative or intensified treatments.
The IBS team identified baicalein as a suitable antagonist to battle malignant cancerous cells, binding to mismatched DNA and causing cancerous cells to self-destruct. The research found that baicalein significantly shrunk MutSα-deficient tumors in mice models, offering a viable option for patients with DNA MMR deficient tumors.
Epilepsy patients experience increased seizures when stressed, but researchers found the disease alters brain signaling; a new potential treatment blocks this stressful effect. New research reveals stress-induced seizures in epilepsy are triggered by changed neurotransmitter signaling.
A study published in Cell Metabolism found that osteocalcin, a bone-derived hormone, increases muscle performance during exercise. Osteocalcin levels naturally decline with age, affecting men and women differently, with the decline occurring about 15-20 years sooner in women.
This study analyzed buried and cultivated Neolithic paddy soils to understand the impact of agriculture on microbial diversity. The results showed that modern intensive rice cultivation led to a significant loss of functional diversity, with accelerated nutrient cycling and homogenization of soil ecological functions.
Indris sing in antiphony to synchronize their songs, which produces louder voices for territorial defense. Young indris prefer antiphonal singing to advertise fighting ability and signal individuality.
Researchers at NIST measured the energy spectrum of photons released during neutron beta decay, providing a precise check on the Standard Model and shedding light on QED's predictions. The results are being used to further develop the theory and potentially uncover new physics beyond the Standard Model.
A virus has been found to use a 'stolen' CRISPR system to hijack its host's immune response, allowing it to fight off other viral infections. The Cyanophage N1 virus uses a CRISPR sequence typically used by bacteria to defend against viruses.
Researchers have found that antibiotic-resistant salmonella strains are becoming increasingly common in sub-Saharan Africa, posing a significant threat to public health. The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains, particularly among non-typhoid salmonella infections, is a major concern due to the lack of effective treatments.
Researchers found that tiny lipid bubbles packed with melatonin can make tamoxifen stronger and help kill cancer cells. The treatment reduces the need for higher doses of tamoxifen, minimizing severe side effects.
A community-based pain management programme for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain has improved depression and social integration. The intervention showed cost-effectiveness and a novel, brief, psychologically based group intervention directed at increasing participants' confidence.
Researchers discovered two unique structures for gold nanocluster Au144(SR)60, a previously known material, using advanced data analytics. This finding suggests the existence of polymorphic nanoparticles with different properties.
A team from Swansea University has developed a new 'smart release' corrosion inhibitor for coated steel products, outperforming hexavalent chromate in laboratory tests. The technology could lead to significant market share and is environmentally sound, economical, and safer.
The EU-funded EXTMOS project develops new organic semiconductor materials and additives for low-cost, flexible, wearable electronic devices. The project aims to accelerate material development through virtual testing and collaboration across multiple disciplines.
Studies find individuals with ADHD or obesity prefer smaller immediate rewards over larger future rewards, leading to potential new treatments for these conditions. The research suggests a connection between the inability to delay gratification and addictive disorders.
A new study suggests that helping coworkers can be draining for employees, especially those with high pro-social motivation. Employees should exercise caution when agreeing to help and consider the magnitude of the issue before seeking assistance.
New data from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program reveals that fatalities in organized violence decreased to less than 118,000 in 2015, ending an alarming trend of increases since 2011. The rise in conflicts involving states and non-state actors continued, driven by the civil war in Syria.
A new study suggests that just 15 minutes of daily physical activity can significantly reduce the risk of death in older adults. The research found that even low levels of exercise, equivalent to half the recommended amount, were associated with a 22% lower risk of death.
A collection of studies investigated the effects of Hurricane Sandy on public health, highlighting factors contributing to community resilience and healthcare system impacts. Research also explored the effect on at-risk individuals, with funding allocated through the US Department of Health and Human Services.
Studies found that shells from California mussels (32% thicker) and Native American sites (94% thicker) were significantly thinner than modern specimens. Ocean acidification is a major driver of this decline.
A Vanderbilt University Medical Center study found long-acting opioids significantly increase the risk of death from unintentional overdose and cardiorespiratory events. Alternative medications, such as anticonvulsants and low doses of cyclic antidepressants, may be safer options for managing moderate-to-severe chronic pain.
Victor Flambaum's appointment at the Helmholtz Institute Mainz is expected to give great impetus to the development of the PRISMA Cluster of Excellence. He will be collaborating with various departments, including experimental groups working on dark matter and antimatter research.
Researchers used genome sequencing to determine when TB outbreaks ended by analyzing genetic mutations and transmission patterns. The method helped public health officials declare the end of an outbreak in January 2015, after no disease transmission occurred since mid-2012.
Researchers at Kyoto University found that cats use causal logic to infer object presence based on sounds. The study revealed cats' expectations are shaped by what they hear, enabling them to predict prey locations.
A study by University of Illinois researchers suggests that protein S supplementation can inhibit beta-cell death and improve blood glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, and kidney damage in mice with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The findings offer a potential new approach to treating the disease.
A recent study from the University of Vermont found that a simple IVR system can encourage primary care doctors to discuss patients' drinking habits. Over half of participants reported having the discussion, and those who did were more likely to receive an alcohol-related recommendation from their provider.
Cells use programmed fork arrest to halt DNA replication at terminator sites, controlling life span and preserving genome stability. The process involves proteins working together to calibrate fork movement, preventing constant machinery operation.
To reduce sea turtle mortality in Chesapeake Bay, researchers are releasing 'Frankenturtles' into the bay, tracking their movement and studying how wind and currents affect a dead turtle's trajectory. The goal is to gain insights into likely causes of sea-turtle death and develop safe zones for these imperiled marine reptiles.