Regular recreational football training significantly improves health profiles in 63-75 year old untrained men, reducing body weight and risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. The study also found that football preserves muscle mass, which is essential for maintaining a physically active lifestyle in older adults.
Researchers at Purdue University have found that the fungus Moniliophthora roreri reproduces clonally rather than sexually, producing billions of spores that destroy cocoa pods. This discovery could help improve cacao breeding programs and develop resistant cultivars.
Daniel Deocampo, Georgia State University's chair of Geosciences, is part of the White House Water Summit to discuss sustainable water use and workforce development. The summit aims to create new jobs and economic growth through innovative technologies, with a focus on indirect potable-water reuse.
A study found that a drug combination of sulindac and erlotinib effectively reduced duodenal polyp burden and number in familial adenomatous polyposis patients. However, the treatment was associated with acne-like rash and other adverse events.
Research by University of Exeter found that providing early life perches to young pheasants can improve their survival rates and fitness. This is because raised perches help develop essential survival characteristics such as stronger legs, better spatial awareness, and memory. As a result, more pheasants are likely to thrive in the wild.
Researchers have identified 11 molecules capable of binding to the PSMA biomarker, making them potential treatments for prostate cancer. These ligands are suitable for synthesizing and have good pharmacokinetic parameters, increasing their effectiveness in clinical trials.
The study reveals that Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest malaria parasite, has a limited genetic diversity compared to its chimpanzee and gorilla cousins. The team found an expansion of a multi-gene family in Laverania parasites that helps them evade host immune cells and clear the spleen, contributing to severe malaria pathology.
Researchers have developed a nickel-carbon-based catalyst that replaces platinum in producing hydrogen from water, offering a cheaper alternative for renewable energy technologies. The new catalyst exhibits highly efficient hydrogen evolution performance and impressive durability.
A study published in The BMJ found that adherence to Japanese dietary guidelines is associated with a lower risk of death. Balanced consumption of grains, vegetables, fruits, fish, and meat contributes to longevity in the Japanese population.
Researchers will analyze data from DECAMP consortium to advance targeted therapeutics for COPD and lung cancer using molecular biomarkers. The goal is to screen people at risk, predict disease progression, and intercept disease.
Researchers discovered an individual motor signature, a blueprint of subtle differences in movement, which can indicate personality traits. The study shows people with similar movements tend to coordinate better during interactions.
Researchers have created tiny particles that can be precisely controlled by magnetic fields and generate electric fields, revolutionizing medicine and regenerative therapy. These 'Janus' particles can target cancer cells with precision and efficiency, eliminating side effects.
A new University of Michigan-led study concludes that meeting the goal of reducing levels of algae-promoting phosphorus in Lake Erie by 40 percent will require widespread use of strong fertilizer-management practices, significant conversion of cropland to grassland and targeted conservation efforts.
Researchers at Empa combined direct measurements with a transport model to validate statistics on greenhouse gas emissions in Switzerland. The study confirms estimated annual emission of approximately 200,000 tonnes of methane, with livestock farming contributing 70% of emissions.
The frog foam has been shown to release model dyes and prevent in vitro growth of Staphylococcus aureus for extended periods, indicating its potential as a non-toxic antibiotic delivery system.
A Michigan State University study found that protesters in Ferguson believed police perceive black people as suspects before considering them as civilians. The research aimed to investigate racial typification and its impact on police-community relations.
A Finnish study found that vegans often follow an unbalanced diet, leading to deficiencies in vitamin B12, D, selenium, iodine, and essential fatty acids. Vegans tend to use recommended supplements, such as calcium-fortified drinks and vitamin D supplements, but may need closer monitoring of their nutrient intake.
A new study compared over 611 trials to find the most effective methods for inducing labor. Oxytocin, artificial rupture of membranes, and vaginally administered misoprostol were found to be more successful in achieving vaginal delivery within 24 hours.
Competition among malaria parasite strains in human hosts can influence the spread of drug resistance, according to a new study. The research found that when hosts are co-infected with drug-resistant and drug-sensitive strains, both strains are competitively suppressed, potentially leading to the emergence of resistant strains.
A University of Missouri researcher suggests that residency training programs should provide supportive services to help physicians balance demanding work and personal lives as parents. The study found that residents with children face conflicts between their roles as medical trainees, physicians, and parents.
A study by Ohio State University found that women gamers experience persistent distress from sexual harassment, which affects their real-life experiences and causes them to quit playing. The survey showed that women don't easily dismiss sexist comments and threats, and instead recall them even after the game is over.
A new study published in The BMJ found no evidence that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) increase the risk of cardiovascular conditions like heart attacks and strokes in people under 65. In fact, SSRIs may reduce the risk of heart attacks, particularly with fluoxetine use.
Researchers discovered that schistosome stem cells are responsible for constantly renewing the worm's outer layer of skin, a unique tissue called the tegument. This process allows the flatworm to survive in the bloodstream for decades, evading its host's immune defenses.
A new study by ETH Zurich researchers sheds light on the body representation in paraplegics, finding altered communication between the brain and foot. The study used a task to analyze participants' responses to pictures of foreign body parts, revealing longer response times for those with complete spinal cord damage.
The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute scientists discovered that the insertion of just two DNA bases into a gene helps the parasite overcome antimonial drug treatment. Whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed that the genetic landscape of L. donovani offers new insights into its evolutionary history and ability to develop drug resistance.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a new set of chemical constituents that could make liquid batteries more practical and affordable. The breakthrough uses calcium, an abundant element, to form the basis for both the negative electrode layer and molten salt in three-layer battery.
Researchers analyzed data from 238,963 patients with depression, finding no link between SSRIs and increased cardiovascular risk. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors were associated with reduced heart attack risk, particularly with fluoxetine use.
Researchers at University of Oklahoma are developing a higher-resolution model that uses Stampede supercomputer to predict severe hail storms with greater accuracy. The goal is to provide 2-hour warnings for storms like the May 1995 Fort Worth Mayfest storm, which caused over $2 billion in damage.
Researchers at Group Health Research Institute discovered that mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) can alleviate chronic low back pain, with improvements seen at six months and one year compared to usual care. MBSR training led to significant reductions in functional limitations and self-reported back pain.
ORNL researchers develop a new thermoplastic called ABL with improved performance and recyclability. The material uses lignin as a renewable feedstock, offering a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based plastics.
A study published in JAMA found that mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and cognitive behavioral therapy resulted in greater improvement in back pain and functional limitations compared to usual care. MBSR focused on increasing awareness of moment-to-moment experiences, including physical discomfort and difficult emotions.
New research reveals that human-driven carbon release rate is 10 times faster than any event since the age of dinosaurs. The study uses sediment cores and numerical simulations to extract rates of change, showing a maximum sustained carbon release rate of about one-tenth the current rate.
The new guideline provides recommendations for key areas of clinical follow-up care for head and neck cancer survivors, including surveillance for recurrence, screening for second primary cancers, and assessment of physical and psychosocial effects. It aims to improve care and health outcomes for this growing population.
A study by the University of Geneva found that excessive noise disrupts premature babies' tactile skills, hindering their ability to memorize shapes and distinguish between objects. The researchers suggest implementing environmental measures to reduce noise levels in neonatal units to support optimal brain development.
A £1.1 million international study, funded by a European Research Council Starting Grant, aims to solve the conflict between food security and biodiversity conservation. The ConFooBio study will produce a new model to predict and resolve these conflicts in seven locations across the Arctic, UK, Europe, and Africa.
Researchers found a compound that prevents scarring in the lungs and liver also shows promise in preventing pancreatic fibrosis. The study used an animal model to demonstrate the effectiveness of the integrin inhibitor in halting fibrosis and potentially preserving pancreatic function.
The EU BON project published guidelines for standardized, easy-to-find, re-shareable, and re-usable biodiversity data. The report aims to increase interoperability of data and make its re-use both easy and legal. EU BON also promotes the use of biodiversity data as a common resource for human society.
Researchers argue that mandatory FGM reporting as child abuse is not an effective solution and propose a three-step approach: educating health workers, women at risk, and incorporating antenatal screening. This proactive strategy relies on awareness, training, and proper documentation to make a positive change.
New research found that women with active sun exposure habits had a lower risk of heart disease and noncancer deaths. Smokers in the highest sun exposure group were at a similar risk as non-smokers avoiding sun exposure. The study's findings suggest that guidelines regarding sun exposure may be too restrictive, potentially harming health.
The MEGA7 edition features significant upgrades to speed up data-crunching time and handle larger DNA datasets. This allows researchers to analyze more complex genetic information, driving global evolutionary discoveries.
University of Illinois researchers have achieved record-breaking speeds for fiber-optic data transmission, reaching 57 Gbps at room temperature and 50 Gbps at higher temperatures. This technology could enable faster data transfer and use of large data streams in applications such as virtual reality.
Researchers found that dozens of targeted therapies inhibit T cell activity, which can help fight tumors. However, pairing these drugs with an IL-15 superagonist stimulates T cell activity, preserving cancer-blocking effects. The study suggests a potential way to overcome immunosuppressive effects while maintaining anti-cancer benefits.
A comprehensive analysis published in Nature Climate Change estimates that the livestock sector can account for up to half of the global agricultural, forestry and land-use sectors' mitigation potential. The study suggests integrating land use and practice change, dietary patterns and nutrition can help unlock this potential.
A study published in Global Ecology and Conservation reveals that giant pandas can detect sound into the ultrasonic range, potentially disrupting their reproductive success due to noise from human activities. The San Diego Zoo's contribution to this research has provided crucial insights into panda hearing sensitivity.
Researchers developed a new method that uses plasma to deposit nanomaterials onto flexible surfaces and 3-D objects. The technique can produce wearable chemical and biological sensors, flexible memory devices, batteries, and integrated circuits with improved efficiency and reduced costs.
A new study maps the global spread of Zika, linking it to two mosquito species that can effectively carry the disease, including Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Cities in the US, Europe, and Asia are at risk, with Miami and Houston among the highest-risk areas.
The University of Bath has installed a new Nano-Lithography printing system, enabling the development of advanced manufacturing techniques for nano-engineered semiconductors. The system will accelerate research into high-efficiency LEDs and improve the quality of these materials.
Researchers found that technology can reduce waste and theft in India's public distribution system, improving food access for over 20 million people. The study suggests training peer salespeople and cross-disciplinary collaboration are key to successful implementation of these technologies.
A genetic study on 'Burnt Hot Dog' sea cucumbers reveals low genetic diversity in polluted areas, highlighting the need for increased fisheries management and protections. The study also finds that these sea cucumbers play a crucial role in maintaining marine ecosystems.
The SleepHealth app tracks users' sleep quality, duration, and related health issues, providing insights for research and a personalized tool to improve well-being. The app aims to accelerate treatments and interventions for sleep disorders, impacting public health.
Researchers discovered 19 new non-human DNA sequences from ancient viruses, one containing a complete viral genome, found in 50 out of 2,500 human genomes. The study sheds light on how humans and viruses have evolved together over time.
A new study found that endocrine-disrupting chemicals may contribute to reproductive health problems, including uterine fibroids and endometriosis, affecting millions of women worldwide. The estimated cost of these conditions in the European Union is €1.4 billion annually.
A study of nearly 40,000 children found no significant association between early-life antibiotic exposure and childhood weight gain. The research suggests that limiting antibiotic use in young, healthy children is not necessary to prevent weight gain.
The immunoproteasome regulates alternative macrophage activation by inhibiting IL-4 signaling, reducing repair and clean-up functions. Targeted treatment with specific inhibitors may accelerate healing processes in the lung after acute pneumonia.
Half of uninsured minority children are unaware they're eligible for Medicaid, leading to suboptimal health, special healthcare needs, and financial strain on families. Parents face significant stress and anxiety due to their child's health issues, with many experiencing financial problems and reduced work hours.
A new study evaluates a method for measuring nicotine delivery from e-cigarettes and finds that later-generation e-cigarettes with 'atomizers' deliver nicotine more consistently than earlier ones. The consistency of nicotine delivery from these atomizers is comparable to nicotine inhalers and tobacco cigarettes.
Researchers have found ancient multicellular marine algae fossils over 555 million years old, providing crucial insights into the earliest evolution of multicellular life. The discovery helps scientists understand life in the Ediacaran Period and its correlation with Earth's ancient environments.
A study found that only 15.5% of available clinical trials were requested through open access platforms, suggesting underutilization due to lack of awareness or funding support. The researchers called for promoting the use of shared clinical trial data to increase transparency and validation studies.
Researchers have developed a low-cost prototype using Xbox Kinect sensors to assess respiratory function, providing more accurate measurements than traditional spirometry methods. The system enables physicians to measure and assess how a chest wall moves, which could help identify numerous respiratory problems.
A new two-drug combination significantly reduces the number and size of precancerous polyps in the small intestine of hereditary cancer patients. Researchers found a 71% overall reduction in polyps, with most side effects being tolerable, offering a promising prevention treatment for this high-risk patient group.
Researchers have identified rare genetic changes that significantly increase bone density in girls, which may protect against osteoporosis and fractures in women. The study highlights the importance of promoting bone health during childhood and adolescence to reduce future risks.
Researchers used MRI to study the effects of PKU on gray matter in the brain. They found evidence of abnormalities in individuals with early-treated PKU, particularly in posterior regions. The study's findings highlight the importance of maintaining dietary treatment throughout life to prevent irreversible damage.
Scientists reveal how Arctic microbes speed up glacier melting through cryoconite formation, altering ice surface albedo and creating a self-sustaining cycle. This microbial process is driving the expansion of biologically productive regions on glaciers, contributing to sea level rise.
NREL's projects focus on advancing transformational technologies for more efficient, renewable, and resilient energy systems. The lab is developing novel solar cell manufacturing processes and extreme-scale wind turbines to expand offshore wind energy access.
Astronomers at UMass Amherst report the discovery of eight 'outrageously luminous' galaxies, which outshine previously brightest known galaxies. The newly observed galaxies are estimated to be about 10 billion years old and formed only 4 billion years after the Big Bang.
Researchers propose a new strategy integrating linear no-threshold (LNT) and hormetic dose-response models to optimize public health benefits. This approach reconciles conflicting methods, offering significant improvements in cancer risk assessment.
Researchers discovered that DNA molecules interact directly with each other based on their sequence and epigenetic factors, suggesting a new mechanism for DNA organization in the cell. The study found that methyl groups play a key role in regulating these interactions, which could impact gene expression and chromosome organization.
A study found that contact lenses alter the natural microbial community of the eyes, making it more skin-like. This shift in bacterial composition increases the risk of eye infections such as giant papillary conjunctivitis and keratitis.
A new study from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine found a significant association between social media use and depression among US young adults. Participants who spent more time on social media had a higher risk of depression, with some platforms showing stronger correlations than others.
A £6.8 million grant has been awarded to explore and develop next-generation lithium batteries at the University of Bath. The project aims to overcome the hurdles of energy storage cost, safety, and calendar life in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries.
The University of Maryland School of Public Health will lead a $10 million grant from the USDA to develop innovative, safe and sustainable ways to irrigate food crops in variable climates. The CONSERVE Center of Excellence aims to identify alternative water sources and new treatment technologies for contaminant-free irrigation.
A study published in The Lancet Oncology found that most female childhood cancer survivors can conceive, but male survivors are less likely to father a child due to chemotherapy exposure. Female survivors treated with certain drugs like ifosfamide and cisplatin may face challenges conceiving, particularly after age 30.
The study proposes a technique to increase the number of electrons trapped in the wake of the laser pulse, improving beam quality. This could lead to better technology for future accelerators and bring high energy physics experiments to more labs and universities.
The US Department of Agriculture has awarded over $8.5 million in grants to support research, education, and outreach on improving water resource quality and quantity, particularly in areas affected by drought. The grants will help communities develop regional systems for sustainable use, reuse, flow, and management of water.
A new analysis of 87 studies found that many were flawed and did not support the claim that moderate drinking reduces mortality risk. In fact, occasional drinkers who had less than one drink per week lived the longest. The study suggests that alcohol may not be a panacea for good health.
A large cohort study in the UK found that antibiotic exposure before age 2 significantly increases early childhood obesity risk. The study suggests that antibiotics may alter the gut microbiome, predisposing children to obesity.
Researchers used whole-brain imaging to study larval zebrafish behavior in plain surroundings. They found alternating left and right turn states in the brain, leading to spontaneous chaining of turns that deviate from random walks.
Researchers at York University found that integrating motivational interviewing (MI) into cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is more effective in treating severe generalized anxiety disorder. This approach helps patients overcome conflicting feelings and enhances motivation for change, leading to improved long-term outcomes.
Researchers at Loyola University Health System have developed a new approach to treating hepatitis C, using mathematical models to predict when patients can safely stop taking direct-acting antiviral medication. This approach could lead to a 50% reduction in treatment cost and improved patient adherence.
Research published in Sports Medicine suggests that adopting a reversed stance provides technical advantages, allowing the dominant hand to control the bat's path. The study found that half of Australian batsmen and 40% of English batsmen use this stance, giving them an edge in international competitions.
Researchers at the University of Bristol are launching a six-year study to enhance healthcare professionals' responses to domestic violence and abuse. The REPROVIDE program will investigate training methods for general practice staff, including support for male victims and perpetrators.
Researchers at RMIT University have developed a method to grow nanostructures that degrade organic matter when exposed to light, directly onto textiles. The technology has the potential to create fully self-cleaning textiles that can spontaneously clean stains and grime with minimal effort.
A new study found that exposure to bisphenol S, a chemical used in BPA-free products, can encourage the formation of fat cells. Researchers created a human cell model and tested the effects of BPS exposure on fat cell metabolism.
A new study published in Cerebral Cortex found that brain metabolism is a significant predictor of fluid intelligence in young adults. The research used magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure concentrations of the molecule N-acetyl aspartate in different regions of the brain, revealing a link between NAA levels and fluid intelligence.
Experts call for legislative action to reduce food waste, citing 7% global emissions contribution and need for sustainable food system. Voluntary agreements deemed insufficient, smaller portions and healthier diets proposed as complementary measures.
A new-structure magnetic memory device utilizing spin-orbit-torque-induced magnetization switching has been successfully developed by Tohoku University researchers. The device boasts ultrafast magnetization reversal timescales and potential benefits for power-efficient integrated circuits.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University recommend revisiting current adult vaccination schedule due to long-lasting immunity against tetanus and diphtheria. A revised 30-year schedule could reduce healthcare costs by two-thirds, saving approximately $280 million annually.
A study by Kansas State University researcher Lester Loschky suggests that film viewers' eye movements are separate from their understanding of the film. Despite this, subtle differences in eye movements were found between those who had context and those who didn't, indicating a high degree of attentional synchrony.
Tropical Cyclone Emeraude was severely weakened into a depression by March 22, 2016, with winds dropping to 30 knots. A visible image captured by the Suomi NPP satellite showed a swirl of clouds and isolated thunderstorms southwest of the center.
Researchers found a unique cyanobacterium that provides nitrogen to a more complex cell host without photosynthesis, evolving around 90 million years ago. This 'slaving event' is crucial for the marine food web, providing bioavailable nitrogen.
A study published in The Plant Cell reveals that clock genes produced during the evening are regulated by clock proteins produced in the morning. This discovery sheds light on how plants adapt to their environment through a complex biological clock system.
Emergency physicians face a growing challenge as the Baby Boomer generation ages; they need to balance documenting findings and referring patients with their obligations to prevent misunderstandings. Two studies highlight the importance of a team-based approach, including social workers and law enforcement, to identify elder abuse.
Researchers discovered that lymphoma cells break through four 'locks' on the CARD11 protein, a key component of the immune system. The protein has four redundant repressive elements that normally keep it in check, but mutations in certain regions can disable these locks and lead to cancer.
Researchers found that fish from different species associate with each other when they share the same food, suggesting a role for chemical cues in group bonding. This study suggests that shared dietary preferences may be a key factor in promoting social learning and information transfer among fish.
The discovery of Synemporion keana, an extinct Hawaiian bat, reveals a second native land mammal on the islands, which coexisted with the hoary bat for thousands of years. The species' extinction is linked to human colonization and invasive non-native species.
Two experts argue over whether doctors should boycott working in Australia's immigration detention centers, with one advocating for a firm stance against supporting torture and the other suggesting that physicians should focus on providing adequate care while promoting redress through other means.
Scientists create method to differentiate patient-derived stem cells into retinal ganglion cells, which can help combat neurodegeneration in glaucoma. This breakthrough enables personalized medicine prospects for patients with glaucoma.
Researchers at the University of Leeds have solved a 25-year-old question about how bacteria resist certain antibiotics. The study provides direct evidence that ABC-F proteins 'protect' the bacterial ribosome, allowing it to continue making proteins despite antibiotic presence.
Researchers found that transcranial direct current stimulation causes synchronized calcium surges from astrocytes, reducing depressive symptoms and increasing neural plasticity. This effect is absent when blocking astrocytic calcium surges, highlighting their importance in therapeutic outcomes.
Researchers have developed location-specific standards for identifying human remains based on X-rays of the spine, upper leg, or skull. These standards provide a consistent approach to identification with high accuracy and reduced misclassification rates. The study's findings have significant implications for forensic experts and can h...
Researchers develop a solution to Hans Selye's hypothesis on adaptation energy, which has puzzled scientists for almost 80 years. The new theory predicts phenomena such as oscillating death and remission without exogenous reasons, providing an instrument for early crisis anticipation.
A novel nanotechnology-based approach detects c-myc mRNA biomarkers for early-stage colon cancer diagnosis. The technique uses peptide nucleic acid/silver nanoparticles to induce a reversible color change.
The Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation has renewed its three-year award with the University of Chicago to fund undergraduate STEM research. The program supports young investigators in pursuing original research projects under faculty guidance.
The GSA Trainee-Organized Symposia program aims to advance knowledge and encourage exchange among early career geneticists. Newly funded events focus on topics such as genomics of adaptation to human contexts, non-academic career choices, and ribosomal DNA research.
Researchers from UCL and NASA used the Chandra X-Ray Observatory to study Jupiter's X-ray aurora triggered by solar storms. The findings reveal a high-energy X-ray aurora eight times brighter than Earth's, providing insights into Jupiter's magnetic field and its interaction with the solar wind.