A recent MIT course has successfully challenged students to redesign the fundamentals of 3-D printing, leading to innovative projects such as printing custom jewelry, cable organizers, and even molten glass. The course's outcomes have also led to patents and entrepreneurial efforts, accelerating innovation in design and manufacturing.
Penn State will lead a six-year, $20 million University Coalition for Fossil Energy Research to advance clean energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The coalition will explore research in coal, natural gas, and oil, including carbon dioxide capture and utilization, with the aim of minimizing environmental impacts.
Heavy rainfall caused catastrophic flooding in Haiti and the Dominican Republic, resulting in four deaths and thousands displaced. NASA's GPM satellite data revealed intense storms with precipitation rates exceeding 300 mm/h along a line of heavy rainfall on May 8, 2016.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that Italians are more likely to 'fudge' slightly, whereas Swedes are more willing to pay taxes if they believe they get more value for their money. Despite national stereotypes, the results suggest that both countries contribute equally to the public good.
Researchers at SDSU used fruit flies to model traumatic brain injuries, finding damage to neurons and changes in sleep patterns. The study suggests that studying these genetic and cellular factors may reveal ways to improve the brain's resilience to injuries.
A team of researchers has created a 3D map of 3000 galaxies 13 billion light years away, finding that Einstein's general theory of relativity is still accurate. The study suggests the expansion of the universe could be explained by a cosmological constant.
A new study published by Yale School of Medicine researchers found that heart attack rates are trending down nationwide, but lower-income communities continue to experience higher hospitalization rates for acute myocardial infarction. Despite similar declines in heart attack rates across all income levels, low-income communities have n...
Researchers found that screens alone could convince participants of a robot's femininity, eliminating the need for physical shape changes. This discovery may help develop customized robots for specific roles and populations, enhancing user experiences.
ICFO researchers achieve isolated attosecond pulses in the soft X-ray water window, covering multiple absorption edges simultaneously. This allows site-specific probing of electron correlation and many-body effects in organic solar cells and molecular electronics.
A recent study found that individuals with neurotic personalities thrive in urban environments, while those who are less neurotic benefit from natural settings. The research suggests a correlation between environment and self-control, which could have implications for health outcomes and consumer behavior.
A €3.5 million pan-European consortium is developing Blood Biomarker-based Diagnostic Tools for Early Stage Alzheimer's Disease (BBDiag) to improve diagnosis and clinical trial success rates. The project aims to train a new generation of researchers and develop disease-modifying treatments and prevention strategies.
Researchers used cloud-based electronic health records (EHRs) to track flu outbreaks in real time, outperforming Google Flu Trends. A machine-learning algorithm accurately predicted national and local influenza activity, enabling timely preparedness for public health officials.
Researchers found that high levels of folate and vitamin B12 after giving birth double and triple the risk of developing an autism spectrum disorder. The study analyzed data from 1,391 mother-child pairs and recommends optimal folate levels to ensure offspring's health.
A new study found that visiting consultant clinics (VCCs) with orthopaedic surgeons traveling to meet patients in rural areas significantly improved access to care. The average driving distance to the nearest orthopaedic surgeon was reduced by more than 50% for 450,000 to 670,000 Iowa residents.
Researchers developed tools that empower distributed groups of workers to perform complicated cognitive tasks with greater speed and accuracy. The Knowledge Accelerator and Alloy systems combine human intelligence and machine learning to synthesize online information, identifying patterns and themes among documents.
Scientists have developed a new imaging system that can produce three-dimensional images of the insides of arteries, revealing fatty arteries in all their detail. This breakthrough technology has the potential to help doctors diagnose plaque vulnerability in patients and better identify heart disease.
Recent studies from the University of Missouri found that Diverging Diamond Interchanges decrease overall crashes by more than 50 percent nationwide. Additionally, fatal and injury crashes decreased by over 70 percent, proving these innovative designs are efficient, effective, and life-saving.
The Italian Botanical Society has launched an online open-access journal called Italian Botanist, which covers both Italian and international research in botany and mycology. The new journal is part of Pensoft's portfolio and aims to boost scientific value and international visibility.
Researchers at the University of Leicester aim to develop a test using portable nanopore DNA sequencers to identify species at crime scenes in under an hour. This technology has the potential to combat wildlife trafficking by detecting traces of endangered species, such as elephant and rhino blood.
A study published in NeuroImage reveals that general anesthesia leads to a 'communication breakdown' in the cortex, where isolated cognitive islands process sensory information without communicating with other areas. The researchers used precise measurements to observe the interruption between brain regions.
Researchers create quasiparticles, directly observe collision events using laser pulses, and shed light on quasiparticles and many-body excitations in condensed matter systems. The findings demonstrate that basic collider concepts from particle physics can be transferred to solid-state research.
A new study links MS drug mitoxantrone to an increased risk of colorectal cancer, with patients treated with the medication being three times more likely to develop the disease. However, the overall rate of cancer was low enough that the researchers suggest continuing its use for severely affected patients.
A UK study published in Nature reveals neurotensin as a potential biological marker for the development of obesity. Neurotensin, produced mainly in the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system, is released with fat ingestion and stimulates fatty acid absorption in the intestine.
The lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay (LF-LAM) shows an average sensitivity and specificity of 45% and 92% in HIV-positive people with TB symptoms. However, its sensitivity is higher in individuals with low CD4 cell counts, making it a potential tool for early diagnosis and treatment.
A new system devised by clinicians uses blockchain technology to prevent changes to clinical trial documents, reducing the risk of ineffective or unsafe medications being distributed. This approach has the potential to prevent issues such as outcome switching and selective publication in clinical trials.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found a link between persistent childhood asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in early adulthood. Children with low lung function at a young age were more likely to develop COPD later in life, regardless of treatment or smoking exposure.
A study found that women with high levels of PFOA during pregnancy had a higher risk of ending breastfeeding early. The study analyzed data from 336 mothers and their children in Cincinnati, where PFOA levels were more than twice the national average.
A study found that chicken coops and sewage treatment plants are hotspots of antibiotic resistance, with bacteria sharing resistance genes through DNA exchange. This poses a risk to the food system and public health, particularly in developing countries where antibiotic use is high.
A study of 68 teen internet users found that many were able to resolve risky situations on their own. The researchers argue that focusing on positive interactions with online risk can help teach teens how to stay safe, rather than avoiding exposure altogether.
Researchers found that respecting patient preferences for physician gender and clothing preferences can increase comfort during full-body skin cancer checks. These simple steps may lead to higher rates of skin cancer detection, ultimately saving lives.
The Brazilian Zika virus strain causes significant damage to mouse fetuses, leading to cell death and impaired growth. In vitro experiments confirm the virus's lethal effects on human nervous system cells, mirroring the development of congenital malformations like microcephaly.
A new study published in Nature found that Earth's ancient upper atmosphere contained about the same amount of oxygen as today, with a methane haze layer separating the oxygen-rich upper layer from the lower, oxygen-starved atmosphere. This challenges the accepted view that Earth's ancient atmosphere was oxygen-poor.
Researchers have discovered biomarkers in the brain that could help scientists develop effective treatments for single-sided deafness. The study used multi-modal imaging techniques to analyze changes in brain structure and function in response to the condition.
Researchers found that mice with lower adiponectin levels cannot overcome fear after a scary stimulus. Increasing adiponectin levels or activating its receptors might facilitate extinction-based exposure treatments for PTSD and other trauma-related disorders.
A new study has identified four symptoms that predict septic arthritis in children with swollen, painful knees. The study found that patients with these characteristics were more likely to have septic arthritis than Lyme disease.
A study by Penn State researchers reveals that social media users act autonomously on some privacy issues but become interdependent when information is co-owned by multiple users. Participants relied on strategies like group discussions and private groups to manage privacy rights for group content.
A 44-year-old man with confirmed Zika virus infection exhibited a diffuse papular rash, petechiae on the palate, and hyperemic sclerae. Early recognition of these mucocutaneous findings is crucial for healthcare providers to differentiate Zika from other erythematous skin eruptions.
Researchers discovered that surales, large mounds in tropical wetlands, are largely composed of earthworm casts. These mounds vary in size and form due to the repeated actions of individual earthworms, which deposit casts that eventually become mounds.
A large-scale genetic study identified 74 variants linked to educational attainment, which also influence cognitive function and personality traits. The findings suggest that genetic factors account for a small fraction of individual differences in education, with many genes playing a role in brain development.
Researchers used LEGO bricks to investigate symbolic object engagement, finding brain areas associated with social cognition and language activation when attending to model meaning. Special activation patterns were observed for models built with own group members versus others
New study reveals an Ice Age refugium in Arabia, potentially on the Red Sea plains, and suggests modern humans inhabited the region for up to 10,000 years. The findings challenge previous theories that humans did not settle in large numbers until agriculture developed around 10-11,000 years ago.
A study published in the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America found that birds can differentiate between whole and broken songs using spatial and intensity cues. The research used zebra finches and budgerigars, demonstrating that stream segregation is not a uniquely human ability
Researchers have established mouse models of Zika virus transmission from a pregnant mouse to her fetus, demonstrating viral invasion and damage to the placenta. The studies reveal that Zika virus can cause congenital problems, including fetal death, by breaching the placental barrier.
The Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain's 60° bend is linked to motion near the Earth's core, according to a University of Sydney-Caltech collaboration. Rapid, coherent flow in the deep mantle causes changes in pile shapes, resolving a major enigma in volcanic seamount chains.
A new UBC-developed method isolates cancer cells that have escaped from a tumour, paving the way for improved diagnosis and treatment. The device captures cells based on their internal structure, producing fewer false positives compared to conventional methods.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham successfully trained breast cancer patients to achieve single prolonged breath holds of over five minutes, enabling targeted radiotherapy to be administered in just one dose. This breakthrough could improve long-term survival and quality of life for breast cancer patients.
Scientists created a way to make tissues and organs clearer by linking molecules together, leaving lipids that cause opacity intact. This breakthrough allows tracking of nanoparticles at depths of over 1 millimeter, enabling better understanding of interactions with tumors and organs.
A flexible exosuit developed by Harvard University researchers reduces the metabolic cost of loaded walking by 7.3% on average, allowing wearers to return to a natural walking profile. The device is composed of textiles and assists the hip and ankle joints, reducing work done without impacting movement freedom.
Climate scientists warn that Africa's vulnerability to climate change could lead to longer, hotter heat waves affecting life expectancy and crop production. The study found that unusual heat waves could occur four times per year towards the end of the century.
A study found that frequent social media use is associated with a greater risk of developing eating and body image concerns in young adults. Participants who spent more time on social media had a higher risk of reporting these issues. The research suggests that preventative messages should target a broad population.
A recent study highlights the persistence of syphilis in sub-Saharan Africa, where rates have remained higher than in other regions. The research suggests that common risk factors, such as HIV prevalence and connected sexual networks, may be underlying causes of the spread of syphilis in these populations.
The report, based on over 3,000 patient surveys, sheds light on the physical, emotional, financial, practical, and informational needs of cancer patients during and after treatment. It aims to inform program development and address patient needs throughout their continuum of care.
A Florida State University researcher is studying the regulation of calcium in heart cells to correct a calcium imbalance and develop new treatment strategies for cardiomyopathies. The goal is to identify components involved in disease development and open the door for more effective treatments inside the cell.
In a groundbreaking study, researchers found that abortion rates have declined significantly in developed countries, but remained unchanged in developing countries. The findings highlight the urgent need for better access to modern contraceptive methods to reduce unwanted pregnancies and abortions.
Researchers developed a high-throughput screening strategy that identified multiple compounds with potent antimicrobial activity against an antibiotic-resistant strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The study also showed the potential of these compounds as adjunctive treatments to restore the effectiveness of antibiotics.
A study by Temple University researchers discovered that people who waited longer or traveled farther before writing a review gave more favorable evaluations. This suggests that businesses can improve online ratings by asking out-of-town customers to review, and companies may want to reconsider their immediate feedback strategies.
A computerized decision support tool helps physicians and patients make informed decisions about blood thinning treatment to prevent strokes in individuals with atrial fibrillation. The tool, which takes into account patient characteristics and medical therapies, resulted in a significant reduction in deviations from recommended treatm...
The discovery of Protovis himalayensis sheds light on the origin of Ice Age mountain sheep, suggesting that the Tibetan Plateau was their ancestral home range. The fossil finds indicate a C3 diet and adaptation to high-elevation cold environments during the Pliocene.
A CDC study analyzed infant feeding practices with a 6-year follow-up to determine the risk of obesity in children. The results found that the timing of introducing solid foods had no effect on child obesity by 6 years of age, contrary to previous conflicting research.
A study on mountain gorillas reveals that their dietary habits contribute to dental wear, which adapts to the available food in their habitat. The analysis of tooth morphology provides valuable information for identifying and age-estimating gorillas, highlighting the importance of conserving their habitat.
Researchers create natural polymer-based scaffolds to grow spongiosa tissue, mimicking the middle layer of heart valve leaflets. The study finds that these scaffolds can be tuned to match the stiffness of natural tissue and may offer a promising alternative to existing mesh-based polymers.
Research from the University of Cambridge found that neighborhoods saturated with fast food outlets exacerbate social inequalities in diet and obesity. Individuals with lower education levels consumed more unhealthy takeaway food and were more likely to be obese in areas with higher takeaway outlet densities.
A study of 90,000 nurses found that high fruit consumption during adolescence was associated with a 25% lower risk of breast cancer diagnosed in middle age. Increasing alcohol intake in later life was linked to a higher risk of breast cancer and heart disease.
Researchers found that skis with wide grooves and narrow plateaus perform faster on warm snow, while narrower grooves and wider plateaus excel on cold snow. The study could lead to improvements in ski surface preparation.
A new doctoral training program at the University of Missouri aims to create a unique type of data scientist by combining expertise from life sciences, medicine, and computing. The six-student program will focus on massive and complex data analytics for one health, using Big Data practices to improve medical discoveries.
Researchers at UTA examine global warming events during the Early Paleogene period, which occurred 66-45 million years ago. They aim to understand the effects of greenhouse gas emissions on life on Earth and provide analogs for current climate change.
A study of 150 U2 fan-made videos uncovered various visual and musical methods used to convey emotions, creating a sense of community among fans. The research may inform commercial music service providers on how to include emotional factors in recommendations and playlists.
A team of European researchers led by Aleksandra Trifunovic will explore the molecular mechanisms regulating mitochondrial gene expression in a four-year project. The goal is to elucidate the complex processes governing these genes and their association with aging diseases.
Researchers have developed a method to selectively functionalize unreactive carbon-hydrogen bonds in alkanes, a key step towards revolutionizing organic synthesis. The breakthrough enables the transformation of simple molecules into valuable chemicals with controlled site selectivity and chirality.
A clinical trial found that same-day initiation of antiretroviral therapy improved ART uptake and viral suppression rates. Patients who started treatment quickly had better health outcomes, despite some loss to follow-up.
Neanderthals in Europe showed signs of nutritional stress due to extreme cold, suggesting climate change was a contributing factor to their demise. Their remains revealed more intense bone processing during colder periods, highlighting the impact of harsh environments on human evolution.
A national survey found that social and emotional wellbeing is crucial for the success of autistic children in mainstream schools. The report highlights the need for teachers to be flexible and agile to meet individual needs, with many children experiencing difficulties in school due to their autism.
Researchers tracked fox squirrels in foraging tasks with locked containers, observing tail flicks as frustration increased. The study suggests that frustration may be necessary and beneficial for problem solving, leading to persistence and new strategies.
Charles Daley, Irina Petrache, and James Crapo receive awards for their work on tuberculosis diagnosis, women in pulmonary medicine, and COPD research respectively. The American Thoracic Society honors their contributions to improve patient outcomes in respiratory diseases.
Researchers found that treating high-risk hospitalized patients for sleep apnea may decrease the frequency of emergency rescues from hospital personnel. Patients who were compliant with positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment had less rapid response events than those who were non-compliant.
Researchers have discovered that silver nanowires are an ideal material for current and future flexible touch-screen technologies. The study found that silver nanowire films can match and exceed the transmittances and conductivities of ITO, a brittle and expensive material used in traditional touchscreen devices.
Researchers developed a line of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, SkQ-ions, to protect cardiolipin molecules from oxidation. The study revealed that small doses of synthetic antioxidants could provide a distinct therapeutic effect despite the presence of large quantities of natural antioxidants.
A Loyola Medicine study found no differences in bacterial infections between knee replacement patients who showered two days after surgery and those who waited 10-14 days. Patients overwhelmingly preferred early showering, with 94% reporting its importance.
A study found that flame retardants used in tent manufacturing are released into the air within tents, potentially exposing campers to toxic compounds. The levels of these compounds can vary depending on the brand of tent, but may still pose a health risk to adults and children.
The Open Neuroimaging Laboratory aims to aggregate annotated brain imaging data and develop a tool for distributed team collaboration. The project seeks to improve transparency, statistical power, and reproducibility in brain data analysis.
The NHS should significantly increase weight loss surgery rates to help patients reduce weight and obesity-related conditions. Studies show surgery is clinically effective and cost-effective, with benefits including reduced healthcare costs in the long term.
A new chemical sensor developed by Polish researchers can detect the presence of neopterin, a biomarker for certain cancers. The sensor uses molecular imprinting technology to capture molecules of neopterin from body fluids, with high accuracy and selectivity.
Immunizing babies against rotavirus led to a significant drop in hospitalizations and emergency department visits. The study found that even older kids benefited from the vaccination, demonstrating herd immunity.
Researchers have provided direct experimental proof that the Brazilian Zika virus strain can cause severe birth defects, including microcephaly and neurological diseases. The study used mouse models, human stem cells, and cerebral organoids to demonstrate the causal effect of the Brazilian virus on health.
A recent study found that large reductions in the prison population do not compromise public safety, as demonstrated by California's Realignment Act. By shifting responsibility for certain groups of offenders to local jurisdictions, realignment reduced the total prison population by 27,527 inmates and saved $453 million.
Researchers at Indiana University have identified the genetic pathways that control physical traits in horned beetles based on nutritional conditions during development. The study reveals a complex relay system transmitting information about external circumstances to the cell nucleus, allowing organisms to produce different traits in r...
The PaperID technology uses RFID tags to turn paper into a multi-gesture sensor, enabling interactive systems with gesture commands. Researchers developed various interaction methods to adapt RFID tags depending on the type of interaction desired.
The European Stroke Organisation Conference highlighted major clinical trials on treating patients who suffer a stroke caused by bleeding into the brain. Studies found that platelet transfusion may be harmful and is not beneficial for patients taking aspirin. Additionally, tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) treatment was shown to red...
Researchers have developed a method to analyze the electronic states of iron(II) in aqueous solution, revealing new insights into its interactions with surrounding solvent. This breakthrough could improve our understanding of electron interactions in catalytic and functional materials.
Researchers evaluated an IHC screening tool for ROS1 gene rearrangements in a cohort of 170 patients. The results showed high sensitivity and specificity rates, making it a feasible option for first-line screening in a lung cancer setting.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that wolf puppies do not follow the expected 50:50 rule in play interactions, instead showing more equal play with similarly aged partners. Adult wolves, on the other hand, exhibit self-handicapping behaviors to engage younger pups in play.
Researchers discovered a combination of compounds found in red grapes and oranges that improves glycemic control, vascular function and reduces inflammation in overweight and obese subjects. The treatment has shown promising results in a clinical trial and could lead to new treatments for diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Florida Atlantic University has received a $500,000 grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF) to install networking infrastructure that will amplify its ability to conduct data-intensive science and engineering research. The network design, referred to as a DMZ, will provide faculty and students with a tenfold increase in capacity.
A new NIH study explores how deaf adults, proficient in ASL, use the internet for health-related information. The HINTS-ASL program collects data on trends in health communication and perception among this population. The research aims to improve the dissemination of health information to the deaf community.
Researchers at WashU Medicine have developed a new imaging agent that better predicts Alzheimer's disease progression than amyloid beta. The study found elevated tau levels are associated with cognitive decline and predict symptoms of dementia.
Researchers at Disney Research and Carnegie Mellon University have developed a framework called RapID that interprets RFID signals by weighing possibilities, reducing lag times from two seconds to less than 200 milliseconds. This enables the use of low-cost RFID tags in interactive objects, such as games, toys, and physical interfaces.
The offspring of depressed parents have a higher risk for depression, morbidity, and mortality that persists into middle age. Children with a family history are more likely to experience recurrent episodes of depression as they mature.
A massive analysis of DNA samples from over 13,000 U.S. soldiers has identified two statistically significant genetic variants associated with an increased risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The findings suggest a possible link between PTSD and autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Researchers in China report that fetal mice infected with the Asian Zika virus strain display characteristic features of microcephaly. The study found that neural progenitor cells were initially infected, followed by neurons, and that almost all cell death occurred in neurons, not progenitor cells.
A new study from Duke University and King's College London found that urban children are at a higher risk of experiencing psychotic symptoms due to low social cohesion and high crime rates. The study, which followed 2,232 British twins, found that 7.4% of urban children had experienced at least one psychotic symptom by age 12 compared ...
Researchers developed HuMiX, a human microbiome research tool that accurately models the complex interactions between human cells and bacteria. The model allows for the study of metabolic processes, including communication between the intestine and brain, and has potential applications for understanding neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers at University of Bristol and Newcastle University have discovered a natural Diels-Alder enzyme, AbyU, which catalyzes the powerful chemical reaction. The discovery could lead to the development of new antibiotics and other medical treatments.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati developed a simple in-home screening device to monitor blood-clotting levels, reducing frequent lab tests and costs. The paper-based test stick can quickly reveal changes in coagulation properties, allowing patients to detect potential issues early.
Researchers developed mouse models to study Zika virus infection during pregnancy, revealing fetal brain damage and potential for long-term neurological problems. The studies also showed the importance of understanding how the virus latches onto the placenta to prevent transmission.
Dr. Callahan has spent over two decades developing new models of care to improve the health of older adults with internists or primary care physicians. His research emphasizes team-based care, social services, and practical strategies for primary care physicians.
Researchers developed a new approach to prostate cancer treatment using vessel-sparing radiation combined with MRI. The technique reduces side effects such as erectile dysfunction and bladder or rectal irritation while achieving high cure rates.
Researchers found that tau tangles are a better indicator of dementia in late-stage Alzheimer's disease, correlating with cognitive deficits and cerebrospinal fluid tau levels. PET imaging also showed stronger associations between tau deposits and amyloid plaques than previously thought.
A study of 6,671 individuals found lower rates of self-harm and unintentional injuries among those taking lithium compared to other mood stabilizers. Lithium may reduce impulsive aggression in addition to stabilizing mood.
A study published in JAMA Cardiology found that slow gait speed before surgery is associated with an increased risk of mortality and morbidity following cardiac surgery. For each 0.1 meter/second decrease in gait speed, there was an 11% relative increase in operative mortality.
A doctoral student at the University of Pennsylvania has identified a new species of fossil dog, Cynarctus wangi, found in Maryland. The specimen, dating back to 12 million years ago, represents a distinct species from the extinct subfamily Borophaginae.
A US study found that a gender-equity program involving both husbands and wives reduced marital sexual violence while improving contraceptive practices in rural India. The CHARM program demonstrated the effectiveness of including men in family planning counseling.
A UA computer engineering researcher is developing a guided simulation model to train surgeons on minimally invasive robotic systems. The system uses visual and haptic force guidance to help correct depth perception mistakes, reducing the risk of serious damage during complex procedures.
Researchers from Kobe University identified enzymes that convert 3-hexenal into 2-hexenal, reducing the grassy odor in tomatoes. This breakthrough can be used to produce sweet tomatoes with less unpleasant fragrance.
A Canadian study reveals ICU caregivers are at high risk of developing clinical depression and emotional distress after patient discharge. The study highlights the need to consider mental health in post-ICU care, finding that caregiver characteristics and situation play a significant role in determining outcomes.
Researchers at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center have discovered that the intracellular domain of serotonin type 3A receptors can assemble into stable pentamers, suggesting a new approach to treating diseases such as epilepsy, anxiety, and Alzheimer's. This breakthrough may enable targeted therapies without undesired effects.
The study provides unprecedented molecular views of the critical early events in gene expression, positioning RNA polymerase to start transcription. The researchers captured human PICs in three functional states, revealing new structural elements and insights into DNA engagement, promoter melting, and transcription bubble stabilization.
Researchers have developed mouse models of Zika infection in pregnancy, revealing that the virus causes significant damage to the placenta and leads to fetal demise or stunted growth. High levels of viral genetic material were found in placentas, highlighting the importance of understanding how Zika affects pregnant women.
Research from the University of South Carolina found that fast casual restaurants have a higher average calorie count than fast food establishments. The study analyzed menus at 34 fast food and 28 fast casual restaurants, finding that fast casual entrées averaged 561 calories compared to 760 for fast food.
In a groundbreaking discovery, Czech researchers found the first case of ovoviviparity in long-horned beetles from Borneo, resulting in three new genera and four species descriptions. The study reveals high morphological diversity in this lineage, challenging current knowledge on beetle reproduction.
Research found a significant increase in first-time stroke hospitalizations among young Danish adults between 1994 and 2012. The study suggests lifestyle-related risk factors, such as diabetes and obesity, may contribute to this trend.
A genome-wide association analysis of over 1,000 UK twins found that some parts of the microbiome are inherited through genes. The study identified more than a dozen microbes with known links to health that are heritable.
Researchers analyze the Kepler-223 star system, finding a unique orbital configuration similar to that of Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus. The study suggests that the four planets may have migrated through a disk, getting stuck and maintaining their current orbits, which differs from the formation process of Earth's inner planets.
Researchers at Université de Genève identified a protein Mac1 that plays a key role in recycling photosystem I components to recover iron. In response to nutrient deficiencies, the alga dismantles its photosystems and recycles some of their components.
The IsoPSA test detects prostate cancer by identifying molecular changes in the prostate specific antigen (PSA) protein. It also differentiates between high-risk and low-risk disease, as well as benign conditions.
Researchers study concentrated storms causing extreme flooding in urban areas and high methane emissions from the Bakken oil field. Scientists also investigate black carbon in oceans and its impact on marine life. Additionally, a new study reveals that half of streamflow in the Upper Colorado River Basin originates as groundwater.