Optical atomic clocks have shown improved accuracy and stability compared to traditional microwave clocks, making them suitable for global timekeeping. By combining optical clocks with masers, researchers achieved a time error of less than 0.20 nanoseconds over 25 days.
Researchers developed an algorithm using submarine and guided missile technology to measure intensity of effort in cricketers. The 'torpedo technology' wearables provide a stable measure of bowling load across repeated spells, helping coaches identify fatigue and optimize preparation.
In a study published in Nature, researchers found that subordinate female meerkats track the growth of potential competitors and adjust their own weight gain to stay ahead. The results suggest that competitive growth is a key strategy for social mammals to maintain dominance.
Severe air quality issues persist in Fort McMurray due to ongoing wildfires, with a Health Quality Index of 10+ reported in the region. The fire, covering over 522,892 hectares, remains out of control, prompting evacuation orders for multiple communities.
A new study found that each additional residential move is associated with a decline in reading and math scores, as well as less positive social skills and higher rates of emotional and behavioral problems. Moving during early childhood had the most detrimental effects on children's cognitive skills.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology are developing a self-driving truck that uses animal-inspired behavior to improve safety and adaptability. The truck's software, OpenDLV, is designed to react to unexpected situations by mimicking the way animals respond to their environment.
The study, published in the American Society of Neuroradiology's annual meeting, found that younger patients, African-Americans, and those seen by a stroke team received more advanced imaging, including MRI and MR angiogram. The findings highlight disparities in neuroimaging use for different patient groups.
A Norwegian study found workaholics scored higher on psychiatric symptoms than non-workaholics, with 32.7% meeting ADHD criteria and 25.6% having OCD. The research highlights the need for further investigation into neurobiological deviations related to workaholic behavior.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University discovered how E. coli bacteria disassemble their protein complex after cell division, finding a controlled order similar to assembly, and identifying an inner and outer ring of proteins with unique interactions.
Researchers found that celecoxib, a widely prescribed pain and anti-inflammatory drug, slows the growth rate of neurofibromatosis type II (NF2) tumors in animal models. The study suggests that COX-2 inhibitors may have an impact on tumor formation and inflammatory responses.
Researchers developed a portable, disposable sunburn sensor made from safe and benign materials that can be easily calibrated for different skin tones and sunscreen levels.
Researchers create Quantitative Input Influence (QII) measures to provide insights into AI decision-making processes. The approach accounts for correlated inputs and quantifies the joint influence of multiple factors on outcomes.
A study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that economic crises are associated with increased mortality from treatable cancers, especially in countries without universal healthcare coverage. In contrast, countries with UHC and increased public health spending on care had lower excess cancer deaths.
A multi-institutional team has completed the first large-scale proteogenomic study of breast cancer, linking DNA mutations to protein signaling and identifying genes that drive cancer. The study highlights the power of integrating genomic and proteomic data to yield a more complete picture of cancer biology.
Current simulation models consistently underestimate black carbon aerosols in Arctic air, but fine-grained simulations using powerful supercomputers can mitigate this underestimation. The research found that more realistic modeling of weather and climate patterns is possible with finer grids and larger computational power.
Researchers discovered a connection between pulmonary function and vocal fatigue complaints among female teachers, highlighting the importance of respiratory health for voice health. The study used spirometry measures to assess lung function and found that reduced pulmonary function was associated with increased vocal fatigue symptoms.
The NIH has partnered with EPA to fund five new research centers studying environmental health disparities, including air and water pollution, housing conditions, and diet. The centers will work with community organizations to develop culturally appropriate strategies to reduce exposure to harmful environmental conditions.
A new study found that Mexican-American adolescents who experience their parents' ethnic discrimination have lower self-esteem and more emotional problems. Parents' discussions about culture, race, and ethnicity with their teens can positively impact their psychological adjustment.
The Genome Analysis Centre (TGAC) is training the next generation of rice breeders in Vietnam in advanced bioinformatics and genomics. The programme aims to characterise genetic diversity in Vietnamese native rice lines to accelerate crop breeding and improve yields, addressing climate change threats such as drought and rising sea levels
Scientists studying climate change's impact on underwater sound propagation and sonar transmission. Warmer oceans increase sound speed, making detection of submarines more challenging.
Penn State researchers found that incorporating 'hurricane hunter' data into weather prediction models can reduce forecast errors for wind speed and sea level pressure. This improvement can lead to billions of dollars in savings and provide more notice to people in the path of a storm.
A study by Queensland University of Technology found that drivers can see trains from a distance, but struggle to estimate their speed. On average, drivers overestimated the train's speed by 36% at 750m away and 29% at 350m away.
A study by MIT neuroscientists reveals that the Shank gene plays a crucial role in the formation and maturation of synapses. In fruit flies lacking this gene, researchers found reduced functional synapses and improper development, which could impair neural circuit development and contribute to autism symptoms.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute have identified a new regulator of immune responses, PSGL-1, which acts as a negative regulator of T cell function. The study found that PSGL-1 is required to increase levels of immune checkpoints, allowing T cells to remain active longer than normal.
A Ben-Gurion University study found that most seniors use mobile phones for basic functions like calling and texting, but struggle with more advanced features. Researchers suggest improving mobile literacy can help older adults reap the benefits of mobile technology for better mental and physical health.
Archaeologists have published scans of prehistoric animal paintings from Abri Faravel in the Southern French Alps. The site's rock shelter has seen human activity from Mesolithic to medieval periods, featuring unique high-altitude Bronze Age structures and artefacts.
Researchers found that low-income entrepreneurs in Panama start early-stage businesses with new products, but struggle to sustain them due to financial constraints and customer adoption rates. Business incubation centers and cash grants can help these entrepreneurs overcome the start-up hurdle.
A study found that antiretroviral therapy alone is not enough to reduce HIV-associated arterial inflammation, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Additional immune-system-modulatory approaches are needed to address this issue.
A study from the University of Utah finds that older Americans with hearing loss have more trouble understanding British accents when there is background noise. The study also explores how transgender women can adopt a clearer speaking style to sound more feminine and how fast-talking affects speech intelligibility.
Researchers from OIST have created a new method to build sensitive CO sensors using copper oxide nanowires integrated with micro-hotplates. The approach enables controlled growth, integration, and measurement of CO concentrations, overcoming previous challenges in sensor production.
New research from Texas A&M University finds that standing desks can increase productivity in adults by 46%, with workers completing more successful calls per hour. Standing for shorter periods also reduces body discomfort and improves cognitive functioning.
A new study by University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers found that urban heat islands accelerate the growing season, with potential consequences for native and migratory birds and bugs. Urban parks can provide "cool island" refuges for wildlife.
A study evaluated 20 popular web apps for collaboration, ranking them based on usability. The top-rated apps include Google Drive, Skype, and Doodle Poll, which excelled in user control, error prevention, and aesthetics.
A new concept in liquid battery design uses a passive, gravity-fed arrangement to eliminate the need for complex plumbing systems, reducing cost and increasing simplicity. The system can be adjusted by changing the angle of the device, allowing for faster or slower energy production.
A new study finds that human amyloid-beta is protective against infections in mice and roundworms, and may lead to new treatments for Alzheimer's disease. The protein's oligomeric form appears to entrap microbes, providing a natural defense mechanism.
Researchers have identified a group of immune system genes associated with glioblastoma multiforme survival. The eight-gene signature is linked to shorter survival times and more rapid disease progression, but may also identify potential targets for treatment.
Researchers at a high-altitude research station in Switzerland used state-of-the-art instruments to study new particle formation and its role as cloud condensation nuclei. They found that highly oxygenated organic compounds contribute to nucleation for a short window after vertical transport from the planetary boundary layer.
Researchers have found that anemia can negatively impact patients with traumatic brain injuries, leading to poorer outcomes. For each increase in hemoglobin levels, the likelihood of a good outcome increased by 33 percent.
A recent study by Ben-Gurion University of the Negev found that obese air passengers experience shame and humiliation due to stares, not just confined spaces. Researchers recommend alternative accommodations and approaches to make flights more comfortable for extra-large passengers.
A recent study found that mothers who consumed more fruit during pregnancy gave birth to children with better cognitive development. The study, led by University of Alberta researcher Piush Mandhane, discovered that increased prenatal fruit intake was associated with higher IQ scores in one-year-old infants.
Researchers have identified a molecular key that allows breast cancer cells to invade bone marrow in mice, where they may be protected from chemotherapy or hormonal therapies. The study found ways to outmaneuver this tactic by preventing cancer cells from entering the bone marrow and flushing them into the bloodstream for destruction.
Research at Arizona State University suggests that symptom expression can be used to signal for aid, prevent exploitation, or attract potential mates. The study provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the role of symptoms in communication.
A team of scientists at Argonne National Laboratory created a new material called rewritable magnetic charge ice, allowing unprecedented control over local magnetic fields. This innovation could pave the way for smaller and more powerful computers or even play a role in quantum computing.
A study of nearly 35,000 women found that those developing new-onset atrial fibrillation had an increased risk of cancer over a 20-year period. The risk was highest for colon cancer and persisted even after adjusting for other factors.
The HAMMER project aims to identify host features associated with malaria resilience and develop interventions to enhance it. By studying the malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi in humans and non-human primates, researchers hope to create new therapeutic strategies for severe malaria cases.
Researchers developed a single device that harnesses both solar and wind energy to generate electrical output. The hybrid system delivers up to 34 milliWatts of power, enough to turn on LEDs and power temperature-humidity sensors in smart cities.
University of Utah researchers explore gender perception via speech, finding that adopting a clear speaking style can increase perceived femininity. However, the effect is small and variable, with male talkers showing larger changes in femininity ratings.
A recent study published in The Lancet found that the global economic crisis was associated with an increase in cancer mortality, particularly among treatable cancers. Universal health care coverage may protect patients from the health consequences of rising unemployment and reduced public-sector healthcare spending.
A new study in Nature found that fruit fly sperm tails are the most extreme ornament, with lengths of up to 6 cm, due to female preference for longer sperm. This preference is linked to genetic correlations between female reproductive tracts and male sperm length, as well as a trade-off between sperm length and number.
A new class of galaxies called 'red geysers' has been discovered, hosting low-energy supermassive black holes that drive intense interstellar winds. These winds suppress star formation by heating up the ambient gas in galaxies and preventing it from cooling and condensing into stars.
A study by Concordia University researchers found that cues associated with alcohol can trigger behaviors leading to addiction. The study used lab rats conditioned to associate a visual cue with ethanol, showing the rats began interacting with the cue rather than waiting for the reward.
Severely obese children are more likely to be ostracized and show signs of depression in first grade, according to a new study. The research found that these children were frequently teased and rejected by peers, leading to emotional health issues.
A new study found that the dose of transplanted bone marrow affects hematopoietic stem cell behavior, impacting their ability to produce specialized blood cells. Only 20-30% of these cells took on a generalist role, producing most abundant types of white blood cells.
Researchers found progranulin levels in cerebrospinal fluid differ from those in blood, challenging its use as a biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases. This discovery sheds new light on the biological processes underlying Alzheimer's and other common neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers from Carnegie Mellon University have discovered a new process behind the formation and evolution of small atmospheric particles free from pollution, key to creating accurate models for global climate change. The findings suggest that up to half of the warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions may be masked by aerosol cooling.
POSTECH researchers found sensory neurons modulate aging hormone activity through food smells and tastes, shortening lifespan. Insulin-6 produced by sensory neurons alters FOXO protein action, leading to reduced aging effects.
Researchers at University of the Pacific found strategies to improve young readers' comprehension of expository writing, such as RAP and graphical organization. These techniques can increase reading comprehension by up to 36 percentage points among struggling students.
Researchers have developed a novel therapeutic strategy for treating cystic fibrosis, restoring lung cell function to 50% of healthy levels. By using a yeast genetic model, they identified key targets that can rescue the misfolding of the deltaF508-CFTR protein, which affects nearly 90% of patients with cystic fibrosis.
Research at Osaka University reveals Lypd8's role in preventing intestinal bacteria invasion, shedding new light on ulcerative colitis pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets. The study found that Lypd8 decreases in patients with ulcerative colitis, leading to increased susceptibility to inflammation.
A Canadian study found that hospital-initiated tobacco cessation interventions significantly improved patient outcomes, including a 35% success rate for quitting at 6-month follow-up. Patients who received the Ottawa Model were also less likely to be re-admitted to the hospital or visit emergency departments.
Researchers found that participants abandoned automated advisors after receiving bad advice, but forgave human advisors more easily. The study suggests potential downsides of automation in the workplace, highlighting the importance of trust and forgiveness in human-computer interactions.
Mathematicians at Georgia Institute of Technology have finally solved the 40-year-old Kelmans-Seymour Conjecture in Graph Theory, a field used to model complex networks and optimize connections. The proof required collaboration from six mathematicians over four decades.
A study found triclosan in nearly 58% of freshwater streams, contaminating crops and potentially harming humans. Triclosan degrades quickly but breaks down into more harmful compounds, affecting soil microbial communities and plant growth.
Scientists at UCLA's Voice Center for Medicine and the Arts studied Hillary Clinton, Bernie Sanders, Donald Trump, and Carly Fiorina's speech patterns across various settings. They discovered that despite differing messages, the politicians employed similar voice modulation strategies to convey charisma.
The American Society of Plant Biologists (ASPB) has selected a group of exceptional undergraduate researchers to participate in its Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) program. These talented students will work under the guidance of renowned mentors to explore various aspects of plant biology, including gene regulation, pla...
Researchers investigated thermally treated wood species using magnetic resonance methods, revealing changes in structure that couldn't be observed by other methods. The study found correlations between EPR signal amplitude and wood hardness, allowing for the assessment of wood hardness.
Researchers at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center use computer models to study tropical storms and hurricanes. Improved models can lead to better predictions and warnings for natural disasters like flooding and property loss.
Researchers found that larger males with more sperm are favored by females, driving the evolution of longer sperm. This study provides the first explanation for the development of giant sperm in fruit flies.
A new US Army study found that soldiers who never deployed were at greatest risk for suicide attempts, with the highest risk occurring in the second month of service. The study also identified other factors contributing to increased risk, including deployment status, gender, and mental health diagnoses.
Research reveals significant gender disparity in referrals to a cardiac center in Northern India, with boys outnumbering girls by more than two-to-one. The study suggests that societal attitudes towards the value of girls contribute to this disparity, prompting calls for medical professionals and policymakers to address these issues.
A new study published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery found that full-incision facelifts outperform short-scar methods in the neck region five years after surgery. The research, led by Dr. Darrick E. Antell, used identical twins and triplets to compare the two techniques.
The Government of Canada has pledged CA$85 million to support innovations in TB detection and care through the Stop TB Partnership's TB REACH initiative over the next five years. This funding will help reach, treat and cure millions of people affected by TB who lack proper care.
A recent study by Penn State researchers has revealed how the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum exploits the human immune response to infect red blood cells. The parasite uses the complement system, a key part of the immune response, to evade detection and invasion, making it more challenging to develop an effective vaccine.
Researchers developed a new model that suggests strong tidal encounters could be responsible for cracks on icy moons. The model, which uses computer graphics code to simulate the behavior of icy moons, indicates that such encounters could lead to cracks in the surface.
A recent UK lung cancer screening trial found that patients with high-risk disease can be identified and have a 73% chance of surviving five years or more. The trial's results provide crucial evidence for implementing a national screening programme in the UK.
Recent studies suggest that many planets orbiting M dwarf stars, which are similar in size to Earth, may retain thick atmospheres due to their strong gravity, making them inhospitable to life. However, smaller planets comparable to Venus or Mars could potentially lose these atmospheres through evaporation.
Researchers found that IL-17A stimulates skin cells to express genes maintaining an inflammatory microenvironment, leading to psoriasis. The study identified NFKBIZ gene as playing a significant role in the IL-17A pathway.
Researchers at Princeton University have revealed new insights into the mechanism of phenylalanine hydroxylase, a critical liver enzyme for human health. By applying unique approaches combining small-angle x-ray scattering and chromatography, they provided evidence for a model of the active structure of the enzyme.
The OSIRIS-REx spacecraft will study asteroid Bennu in detail, collecting a sample to be analyzed on Earth. Four top-level maps will guide the sample collection process, assessing safety, navigation, surface material, and scientific value.
Researchers analyzed untreated acute stroke patients and found no correlation between salvageable penumbra and time. However, they discovered a significant association between salvaged penumbra and collateral blood flow rerouting of the blocked arteries.
Dr. Ben Choi's research on many-valued logic computers has the potential to increase computation speed and memory capacity, pushing the speed limit of computing. The technology could lead to faster microprocessors and improved data transfer speeds.
A study suggests that amyloid-ß peptide can ensnare invading microbes, halting infection in mouse and worm models of Alzheimer's disease. Researchers also found that mice with overexpressed amyloid-ß showed greater resistance to bacterial infection.
Researchers study plant perception through mycorrhizal networks and 'social' interactions with other plants. A new special issue offers a holistic view of plant biology, providing insights into their behavior and ecological understanding.
Researchers identified key metabolic pathways altered in prostate cancer, with a potential therapeutic target for castration-resistant prostate cancer. Studying tumor metabolism offers new possibilities for treatment.
A new King's College London study challenges the fantasy model of multiple personality disorder, suggesting that traumatic experiences such as neglect or abuse in childhood are a major contributing factor. Researchers found a continuum of trauma-related symptom severity across groups, with patients with DID exhibiting the highest scores.
Researchers found that sea urchins with shorter life expectancies do not experience a decline in regenerative capacity with age, contradicting the prevailing theory on evolution of aging. The study suggests that aging may not be inevitable and could be influenced by other factors.
Drexel materials scientists have created a boride material that resists oxidation at extremely high temperatures, thanks to its nanolaminated structure and protective aluminum oxide coating. The material's unique behavior has potential applications in harsh environments, such as combustion engines and cutting tools.
A study suggests that women in Corded Ware culture were highly mobile, with 42% of individuals found to be non-local, indicating a pattern of female exogamy
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that genome-wide sequencing can diagnose genetic conditions leading to intellectual disability, enabling targeted treatments. Researchers discovered new disease genes and described physical traits associated with known diseases, offering hope for personalized medicine.
Researchers at MUSC discovered that blood flow does not precisely follow local neural activity, challenging the long-held assumption that vascular and neural responses are tightly coupled. This finding suggests that fMRI may only reveal a blurred representation of underlying neural activity.
Researchers have developed a new type of metallic material that is both extremely strong and ductile. This breakthrough solves the long-standing problem of choosing between these two properties in steels.
Researchers in Norway used ultrasound to enhance absorption of chemotherapeutic compounds Gemcitabine into pancreatic cells, increasing treatment cycles and median survival time from 7 months to 18 months. The technique, called sonoporation, showed promising results without increased toxicity or side effects.
A population-based study of nearly 6,000 people aged 60 and over found that Indian women who cook with biomass fuels were nearly 50% more likely to have visually impairing nuclear cataracts compared to those using clean fuels. The association was stronger for women cooking with longer duration of biomass fuels.
Researchers found that ecosystems with many similar species can handle tougher environmental disturbances due to the exchangeability of plant traits. This method helps conservationists predict how ecosystems will react to environmental changes and identify areas for restoration or preservation.
Researchers at Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine found different injury patterns in abused animals and those hit by cars, with abused animals showing more head injuries and rib fractures. The study aims to help uncover animal abuse and provide a tool for forensic veterinarians.
A new study has found that the Zika virus is linked to a range of eye problems in Brazilian babies born with microcephaly. The researchers observed retinal lesions, hemorrhaging, and abnormal blood vessel development in three infants, which could result in severe visual impairment if left untreated.
A Wayne State University researcher aims to improve upconversion nanocrystals' composition and atomic structure to expand the library of bright and multicolor emitters. The project is expected to lead to better diagnosing and treatment plans for numerous health issues by enhancing imaging and chemical sensing of disease biomarkers.
Researchers aim to reduce unnecessary surgeries and pelvic sepsis by analyzing magnetic resonance images and pathological specimens. They will develop a risk-assessment scoring system to determine which patients need surgery after chemotherapy and radiation treatments.
Research on carboplatin therapy in rats suggests that chemotherapy can affect dopamine and serotonin levels, leading to cognitive issues. The study provides new insights into the development of chemo brain, a condition affecting up to one-third of chemotherapy patients.
A microscopic parasite causes blindness, birth defects, and severe health consequences in hundreds of millions worldwide. Dr. Zhicheng Dou aims to develop a 100% cure for the disease by designing drugs that starve the parasite from host cells.
Research found that smoking increases kidney function decline by 83% in current smokers compared to non-smokers. Smoking also worsens inflammation levels, suggesting a possible mechanism between smoking and kidney function decline.
A national study led by Michigan State University sociologist Hui Liu found that for men, an unhappy marriage may actually slow the development of diabetes and promote successful treatment once they do get the disease. Women with good-quality marriages were more likely to have a lower risk of developing diabetes five years later.
Researchers Richard Benton and Ben Lehner received the 2016 EMBO Gold Medal for their groundbreaking work on insect olfaction and developmental biology. They discovered novel genes in odorant receptors, shedding light on the evolution of scent perception, and revealed stochastic variances in gene expression driving phenotypic diversity.
A new phenomenon dubbed 'red geysers' has been identified in galaxies, which host low-energy supermassive black holes driving intense interstellar winds. These winds prevent gas from cooling and condensing into stars, maintaining quiescence in galaxies.
A nationwide study found that obese young adults are at risk for chronic kidney disease due to undetected albuminuria, with Mexican Americans and blacks showing higher rates. The study suggests that healthcare providers should test for kidney damage in obese young adults, emphasizing the importance of prevention through lifestyle changes.
A research team sequenced the first complete mitochondrial genome of a 2500-year-old Phoenician, revealing rare European haplogroup U5b2cl in North Africa. The findings date the arrival of this haplogroup to at least late sixth century BC.
A new study by NYU WIRELESS suggests that the current channel model used in 5G cellular systems may under-predict signal coverage at close distances and over-predict it at far distances. A simpler alternative model using a single parameter, the path loss exponent, is proposed to improve predictive accuracy.