A new study suggests that therapeutic substitution could help drive down the cost of prescription medications by substituting chemically different compounds within the same class of drugs. The study estimated potential savings through therapeutic substitution for drug classes with both generic and brand-name options, resulting in reduc...
Researchers at Michigan State University have discovered that DNA's regulatory regions resemble a poetic language, composed of coding and regulatory elements. By analyzing variants of a key protein and applying mathematical models, the team was able to identify conserved properties in other sequences, enabling them to 'read' the genome.
Research published in BMJ Open found that single dose targeted intraoperative radiotherapy can save patients thousands of hours of time, journeys, and CO2 emissions compared to standard treatment. The study estimates that widespread adoption of TARGIT could save millions of miles, tons of CO2, and hundreds of hours of travel time annually
A study by University of Miami researchers found that Hispanic parents of children with autism exhibit stress-buffering qualities like optimism and use religious faith as a positive coping strategy. The team hopes to tailor clinical interventions to strengthen these personal characteristics and responses.
A global health emergency is looming due to the rapid spread and potential future outbreaks of yellow fever, say Georgetown University professors. The ongoing epidemic, particularly in Angola, has led to a significant shortage of vaccines and calls for an urgent international response.
A new study published in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology found that celiac disease is most common among Americans from the Punjab region of India. The study analyzed over 400,000 intestinal biopsies and identified significant differences in celiac disease rates across various ethnic groups.
Researchers at NUS have developed a method to enhance the photoluminescence efficiency of tungsten diselenide, a two-dimensional semiconductor material. By incorporating gold plasmonic nanostructures, they achieved a 20,000-fold enhancement, paving the way for novel optoelectronic devices.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a new technique to create passive RFID tags that are 25% smaller and less expensive. By eliminating the need for power conversion, the tags can operate directly from AC power, reducing size and cost.
The Fort McMurray wildfire is burning out of control, covering an area of 161,000 hectares, with extreme fire conditions due to low humidity and high temperatures. Residents are advised not to return home until it is safe to do so, while firefighters, including 1,500 employees at the Syncrude facility, work to contain the blaze.
The NYU College of Dentistry has received a $1.6 million NIH grant to investigate the impact of e-cigarette aerosol mixtures on oral health. Researchers will examine the modulation of the oral microenvironment by e-cig aerosols and assess periodontal disease risk.
A longitudinal Nordic study shows that combining hormone therapy with local radiotherapy halves the risk of death from prostate cancer 15 years after diagnosis. Researchers found that treatments with radiotherapy reduced mortality rates from 34 to 17 percent.
Researchers from Wake Forest University have discovered that tiger moths produce ultrasonic signals to deter bats, showing that this behavior occurs in nature and is used as a warning system. The study highlights the evolution of animal behavior in the bat vs. moth arms race.
TP508 has significantly increased survival and delayed mortality when injected up to 24 hours after lethal radiation exposure in controlled preclinical studies. The award brings total NIAID funding to over $6M and allows Chrysalis to complete FDA approval studies.
A recent study found that older adults experience declining financial literacy, while their self-confidence increases, leading to poor financial decision-making. Researchers recommend finding a reputable financial advisor and conducting regular financial check-ups as part of an annual doctor visit.
New research shows a significant decrease in childhood overweight and obesity rates in Canada from 2004 to 2013, with weight and body mass index trends also improving. The study suggests that the introduction of BMI growth charts and public awareness campaigns may have contributed to this decline.
Researchers found that financing treatment of hepatitis C would not only save lives but ease future costs for Medicare. Expanding screenings and treatment to all patients could generate more than $800 billion in benefits over 20 years. Policymakers must determine how to encourage private insurers to invest in the latest treatments.
A potential drug therapy developed at the University of Pittsburgh has proven effective against bacterial biofilms and a deadly respiratory virus simultaneously. The eCAP was 50 times more effective at fighting the biofilm than traditional treatment, and reduced viable virus particles by over 150-fold in RSV-infected airway cells.
Researchers used machine learning to speed up the discovery of shape-memory alloys with low thermal hysteresis, critical for improving fatigue life in engineering applications. The framework iteratively guides experiments to find materials with desired target properties, cutting time and cost by half.
Researchers at TIFR Mumbai have designed functionalized nanomaterials that offer superior CO2 capture capacity and stability compared to conventional materials. The new sorbents feature high amine loading with minimal decrease in surface area, making them suitable for efficient CO2 capture.
Research by Plymouth University indicates that people's political ideology significantly influences their attitude towards hydraulic fracking. Politically conservative participants were more likely to favor fracking and perceive economic benefits, while liberals expressed greater concerns over health risks.
Researchers found that storms are shrinking in space and intensifying over smaller areas, resulting in more intense peak rainfalls. This intensification is expected to lead to a significant rise in flash flooding across major urban centers worldwide.
A new study published in Addictive Behaviors found that family warmth and support are indicators of decreased tobacco use in Native American adolescents. Engagement in school through positive activities was also found to be a preventive tool against frequent smoking.
A study of college students found that constant smartphone alerts can cause symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity, similar to those experienced by individuals with ADHD. By minimizing phone notifications, participants reduced these symptoms, suggesting a link between digital stimulation and attention deficits in modern society.
Using neutron scattering, researchers have discovered ferromagnetism on the surface of a hybrid topological insulator material at room temperature. The discovery could lead to new opportunities for next-generation electronic and spintronic devices.
A study by researchers found that continuous spectrum LED lamps, specifically designed for horticultural use, outperform conventional white LEDs in terms of plant response and energy efficiency. The results showed a 26% increase in energy efficiency and significant increases in vegetative growth when light intensity was increased.
Research suggests environmental pollutants may increase likelihood of developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a rapidly progressive motor neuron disease. The study found higher concentrations of pesticides and other toxic chemicals in individuals with ALS, but no strong correlation between occupation and risk.
New research reveals Saharan dust enriches underwater plants in the Caribbean with iron and other nutrients. However, this increase in nutrients also supports an explosive bloom of toxic bacteria such as Vibrio.
A USF professor is investigating the possibility that CTE can start when an on-field collision generates a 'seed' that spreads protein abnormality in the brain. Similar processes may be at work for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
A major new Lancet Commission highlights the critical need for increased investment in adolescent health and wellbeing, citing alarming rates of preventable deaths and diseases among young people. The report emphasizes that behaviors established during adolescence can determine lifelong health outcomes.
Researchers discovered that genetic mutations in certain genes can impair the immune-enhancing effects of beneficial bacteria, leading to reduced efficacy of probiotic therapies in treating Crohn's disease. The study suggests a new potential cause for the disorder and may lead to advances in personalized medicine.
The Crop Science Society of America (CSSA) sent ten students to the PanAfrican Legume Conference in Zambia to learn about pulses and grain legumes. The conference, which drew over 500 participants from 46 countries, focused on sustainable systems for food, income, and nutritional security.
A study by American University Economics Professor Boris Gershman found a negative correlation between witchcraft beliefs and trust, eroding social capital and cooperation. In regions with widespread witchcraft beliefs, mistrust and property destruction are common, stifling economic progress.
A University of Illinois study reveals declining sulfur levels in agricultural areas, with negative balances in some watersheds and rivers. Farmers may need to apply sulfur fertilizer in the future, particularly on fields with less soil organic matter.
Researchers develop an experimental therapy that shuts down the Olig2 gene, halting tumor growth and blocking tumor formation. The approach uses a gene therapy to eliminate Olig2-positive cells, sensitizing them to targeted molecular treatment.
A Baylor University study finds that congregations seeking racial and ethnic diversity may experience a decline in average church attendance, with older congregations more likely to decline. New congregations started as multiracial are seen as the best opportunity for diversifying a denomination.
Researchers found that zooplankton communities in the Southern Ocean migrate vertically to escape predators and feed on phytoplankton blooms at the sea ice edge. Long-term measurements revealed annual cycles of migration, with disruptions during the southern summer due to food abundance.
A study published in Cancer Cell identified a third class of ACC, associated genes, and potential treatment targets. The research aims to provide better treatments for this rare cancer with significant side effects from current therapies.
Scientists at Lehigh University have developed a biological method to produce quantum dots using a single enzyme, reducing production time, environmental burden, and cost. This breakthrough could lead to widespread use of QDs in various applications, including sustainable fuel production and water purification.
A biofeedback system has been developed to control photosynthetic lighting in controlled environment agriculture, allowing for efficient use of light by plants. The system successfully adjusted light levels based on the physiological performance of plants, achieving a wide range of energy conversion rates and reducing energy costs.
Research at ACM CHI 2016 introduces PowerShake for wireless power transfer on mobile devices and Investigating text legibility on non-rectangular displays. The findings also highlight the potential of EMPress hand gesture classification, GauntLev wearable object manipulation and sustainable interaction design principles.
A recent study published in Archives of Disease in Childhood found that smoking during pregnancy and being overweight before pregnancy are key factors contributing to the social divide in childhood obesity rates. The research analyzed data from over 12,000 children born in the UK between 2000-2002 and found a significant association be...
A new study reveals that leftover warm water from a stalled El Niño event in 2014 contributed to the formation of a monster El Niño in 2015. The researchers found that easterly winds prevented the warm water from being transported poleward, allowing it to act as a reservoir of heat for the following year.
A study published in PLOS ONE found a link between videogame addiction and health issues such as sleep deprivation, obesity and elevated blood pressure in children and teens. The research suggests that excessive gaming can lead to negative impacts on physical and mental health.
A meta-analysis of four studies found an association between swaddling for sleep and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), particularly among infants placed on their sides or fronts. As babies get older, they may be more likely to move into unsafe positions while swaddled during sleep.
A new study found that cancer increases the risk for certain health issues beyond normal aging, including declines in activities of daily living and physical function. However, having a cancer diagnosis did not increase the likelihood of developing arthritis or vision/hearing problems, and did not exacerbate existing conditions.
New research from Colorado State University finds that agricultural ammonia emissions now surpass fossil fuel combustion emissions as the dominant source of nitrogen cycle disturbance. Excess nitrogen in the atmosphere causes environmental impacts such as soil acidification and decreased biodiversity.
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute designed a drug candidate that targets cancer-causing RNA, eliminating side effects and reducing tumor growth. The study demonstrates a clear breakthrough in precision medicine, using computational approaches to develop designer compounds.
Researchers found that six genes, including four from a peroxiredoxin family, were affected by titanium dioxide nanoparticles in human HeLa cells and monkey kidney cells. The effect was seen after 24-hour exposure, with changes of about 50% in enzyme expression.
A targeted antibiotic, Debio 1452, was found to minimize disruptions to the gut microbiome in mice compared to broad-spectrum antibiotics. The study suggests that pathogen-selective approaches to antibiotic development can help preserve beneficial bacteria and prevent secondary infections.
A new antibiotic, Debio 1452, shows promise in selectively targeting Staphilococcal pathogens while sparing the gut microbiome. Conventional broad spectrum antibiotics cause significant damage to the gut microbiome.
Researchers have identified a long non-coding RNA in the placenta that plays a crucial role in protecting the unborn baby from invading pathogens. The lncRNA, called lncRHOXF1, regulates the immune response and appears to be sensing and modulating its expression based on the presence of viruses.
The carrot genome study sheds light on its domestication history and reveals new insights into the accumulation of carotenoids. Researchers found a new gene responsible for this process, which was likely inadvertently selected for by early growers.
The new apricot variety 'Goshen Gold' has been introduced as a suitable alternative to the popular 'Patterson' cultivar. It features a semispreading habit, vigorous growth, and improved fruit characteristics such as increased sugars and better color stability.
A new study reveals that shellfish response to ocean acidification depends on food availability and other stressors. The study found that juvenile mussels grew fastest in locations with frequent low pH conditions and abundant food supply, while those with inconsistent food and high body temperatures were more vulnerable to predators.
A survey of 2,501 Britons found that just 1 in 5 people know about ocean acidification, a critical environmental issue. The study highlights the need to raise public awareness and understanding of this topic, which is often overlooked despite its importance for marine ecosystems.
Ferromagnetic semiconductors have overcome a longstanding physical constraint by growing iron-doped semiconductors at room temperature. This breakthrough enables new opportunities for utilizing spin degrees of freedom in semiconductor devices, such as spin transistors.
The study reveals that the calcium pump uses energy from ATP to transport calcium ions into the cell, a process crucial for muscle function and heart health. This insight could lead to the development of new drugs targeting this enzyme to alleviate ionic imbalances associated with disease.
Scientists analyze sedimentary archives in Alberta Foreland Basin, revealing cyclic changes in sediment source areas consistent with magmatic flare-ups. In another study, researchers uncover pre-Cenozoic geologic history of the central and northern Tibetan Plateau, tying Wilson cycles to constructing the Tethyan orogenic system.
The Open Science Prize has announced six team finalists to develop prototypes addressing big data access and usage challenges. The teams will receive $80,000 each and compete for the grand prize of $230,000.
A silicone-based polymer coating has been developed to mimic the mechanical and elastic properties of healthy skin. The material can temporarily tighten skin, reduce water loss from dry skin and provide long-lasting UV protection.