Researchers Jean-Claude Kieffer and François Légaré from INRS receive peer recognition for their groundbreaking work in ultra rapid laser technology. They have been elected into the Royal Society of Canada's Mathematical and Physical Sciences Division.
Microorganisms like fungi and bacteria produce volatile compounds that boost plant growth, flowering, and reserve substance accumulation. This discovery could lead to eco-friendly alternatives to conventional agrochemicals.
Researchers conclude that vitamin D supplementation does not improve musculoskeletal outcomes such as falls or fractures. For those at high risk of deficiency, sunlight exposure and diet should be prioritized, with low-dose supplements considered on an individual basis.
Researchers developed bio-signal measuring electrodes that can be mounted on IoT devices, allowing for easy health diagnosis without additional equipment. The electrodes can measure brain waves, electrocardiograms, and other biological signals, and are expected to be applicable to medical fields.
New research identifies nitrogen as a key driver for gut health, revealing how diet impacts the microbiota. The study suggests that the availability of intestinal nitrogen to microbes is crucial in shaping the microbiome.
Researchers found that dogs can recall a person's complex actions, even when they don't expect to be tested. The study used the 'Do as I Do' training method to demonstrate this ability.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry suggests that home-based telemental health for depression can deliver a similar quality of life and patient satisfaction as in-person visits, overcoming barriers such as mobility issues and transportation costs. The trial enrolled 241 depressed elderly veterans who received eight ...
Researchers at TSRI developed a vaccine that blocks the pain-numbing effects of oxycodone and hydrocodone in animal models, also decreasing the risk of fatal opioid overdose. The vaccine uses the immune system's ability to recognize and neutralize invaders, potentially depriving users of euphoria.
Research by Larry Martinez at Portland State University found that transgender employees' feelings of job satisfaction and alignment with their organizations increased as they transitioned further. Supportive coworkers who validated their preferred gender identity were key to more positive attitudes.
A team of researchers successfully completed the largest known instance of transparent checkpointing using 32,768 CPU cores and 38 terabytes of memory. This breakthrough simplifies the work of computer scientists handling large amounts of data, allowing them to process and analyze billions of pieces of weather data without fear of loss.
Researchers have successfully used Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, a predatory bacterium, to clear multi-drug resistant Shigella infections in zebrafish. The bacteria works alongside the host's immune system, showing promise as a living antibiotic for tackling drug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections.
A team of scientists has developed an equation to measure soil physical quality, which can help determine the best use of a particular soil. The research, led by Robson Armindo, found that this approach can save time and money in crop production.
Researchers identified altered proteins affecting gene expression as the driving force behind childhood ependymomas. This discovery provides a critical marker for predicting prognosis and offers a potential new therapy target.
A study published in JAMA Oncology found that Medicare beneficiaries without supplemental insurance incur average annual out-of-pocket costs ranging from $2,116 to $8,115. Hospitalizations are a major driver of these costs.
The Internet of Things (IoT) will require new search mechanisms to support billions of connected devices, demanding machine-to-machine searches and secure data access. Complex IoT technologies like smart cities, autonomous cars, and environmental monitoring need efficient indexing and ranking mechanisms.
Michigan State University researchers received a four-year, $2.2 million grant to develop kindergarten curriculum units that integrate science with literacy standards. The pilot project found that kindergartners who participated in the program outperformed their peers on tasks requiring evidence-based claims and science vocabulary usage.
Scientists have developed haptic interfaces to enhance collaboration and data analysis in X-ray crystallography. The technology enables real-time visualization and classification of experimental crystallization data on a cloud-based database, streamlining the process and reducing manual effort.
Research warns that hurricanes are moving further north along the Northeast US coast, posing a greater threat to cities like New York. The study suggests that man-made emissions have overridden natural cooling effects, leading to more frequent and powerful storms.
A large study published in The BMJ found that prediabetes, defined as impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance, is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and all cause mortality. The study's findings support a lower cut-off point for defining prediabetes, including as low as 5.6 mmol/L.
The study found that benzodiazepine and related drug use increased the risk of hip fracture by 43% in persons with Alzheimer's disease. Long-term hospital stays after hip fractures were also more common among those who used these drugs.
Researchers develop optical fingerprint to study Salmonella biofilms, providing new tool for understanding mechanisms of biofilm formation. The method is specific and non-toxic, allowing for the detection of biofilm components without harming bacteria.
The spherical mechanical seal's performance is influenced by structure size, including radius, stator-ring distance, and diameter. Increasing the spherical radius reduces contact area but raises temperature and pressure.
Researchers reconstructed the African dust plume over the last 23,000 years and observed a dramatic reduction in dust beginning around 11,000 years ago. This weakened plume may have allowed more sunlight to reach the ocean, increasing its temperature by 0.15 degrees Celsius, leading to an increase in monsoon rains over North Africa.
A pioneering study of invertebrates has uncovered 1445 viruses, including several new families, revealing people have only scratched the surface of the world of viruses. The research, led by Professor Edward Holmes, suggests these viruses have been associated with invertebrates for potentially billions of years.
Researchers found a divergent association between alcohol consumption and different types of stroke, with heavy drinking increasing the risk of hemorrhagic stroke. Light to moderate alcohol consumption was associated with a lower risk of ischemic stroke but no effect on hemorrhagic stroke.
Researchers have discovered that a common species of Asian tree frog (Hyla japonica) may be two separate species, with distinct evolutionary relationships between East and West Japan. The study's findings could lead to reassignment of the species' scientific name and shed light on the historical mystery surrounding its discovery.
Researchers used crowdsourced data to investigate earthquake feelings in Italy and Greece. Intermediate-depth earthquakes are often felt on the African side of the Africa-Eurasia plate boundary.
A new color-based labeling technique allows researchers to track the development and behavior of individual blood stem cells. The study reveals that these cells have a scripted set of responses and cannot make just any blood cell type.
Researchers found neuro-metabolite alterations across the brain linking stuttering to changes in brain circuits that control speech production and circuits supporting attention and emotion. Disturbances in neuronal or membrane metabolism contribute to the development of stuttering.
A study published in Avian Research has confirmed the Hen Harrier and Northern Harrier as two distinct species using genomics and molecular phylogenetics. The classification will aid national conservation efforts, particularly for the European Hen Harrier under threat from grouse hunts.
A randomized clinical trial led by Duke University School of Medicine researcher found that individual cognitive therapy relieved PTSD symptoms better and quicker than group therapy. Nearly half of participants who received one-on-one therapy improved so much they no longer carried a PTSD diagnosis, whereas almost 40 percent of those i...
Researchers found stroke rates declining in people 55 and older, but doubling in those between 35 and 39. The study also revealed that younger people are more likely to experience debilitating strokes, which can lead to long-term physical disabilities.
A new study led by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health researchers found that consuming high amounts of four major saturated fatty acids increases the risk of coronary heart disease. Replacing these fats with healthier alternatives, such as whole grains and plant proteins, may reduce this risk.
A study found that people with genes for high educational achievement tend to marry and have children with similar DNA. This assortative mating increases genetic and social inequality in future generations. The researchers argue that this could lead to a cycle of increasing inequality.
Tropical Storm Otto is strengthening into a hurricane as it approaches Central America, with maximum sustained winds reaching 75 mph. The storm's center will move onshore within the hurricane warning area on Thursday and reach the Pacific coast of southern Nicaragua or northern Costa Rica early Friday.
The grant will help TGen accelerate the computer processing of transcriptomes from thousands of cells using a complex computational algorithm. This process will advance precision medicine by quickly informing doctors with the best options for attacking each individual patient's cancer.
A University of Missouri research team has developed enhanced piezoelectric sensors that can amplify signals, cut costs, and improve reading accuracy. The new technology has wide applications in aviation, detecting structural damage in buildings and bridges, and boosting the capabilities of health monitors.
The coconut crab's claws possess the strongest pinching force of any crustacean, with a maximum recorded force of 3,300 newtons, surpassing that of other crustaceans and most terrestrial animals except alligators.
A biomarker has been identified to aid in the prognosis of pediatric ependymomas, a subset of brain tumors. This discovery may lead to novel therapeutic options and more effective treatments for children with these tumors.
Researchers discovered that low-dose chemotherapy regimens can prevent the secretion of proteins by fibroblast cells surrounding tumors, reducing the likelihood of tumor recurrence. Mice with breast or pancreatic cancer treated with these regimens survived longer than those receiving high-dose chemotherapy.
Research at RIT aims to understand vitreous humor properties that result in vision impairment. The study may unlock new treatments for vision disorders and improve drug delivery and eye surgery.
MIT researchers create a new system for producing artificial muscle fibers that contract and expand like natural muscles, using ordinary nylon fiber. The approach harnesses the bending motions of nylon fibers by selectively heating one side to produce complex patterns of movement.
A decision aid significantly increased the rate of total knee replacement surgery among black patients, who were more likely to undergo surgery when informed about treatment risks and benefits. The intervention also led to a higher uptake of surgery among those willing compared to unwilling patients, women, and younger patients.
Researchers found that jet lag increases both obesity-related liver disease and liver cancer risk by disrupting the body's internal homeostasis. The study suggests that lifestyle changes leading to chronic jet lag can also increase liver cancer risk in humans.
A study by Aarhus University scientists uses three independent climate modeling methods to demonstrate that wheat yield will decline with global temperature increases. The models project a 5.7% decline in global wheat production for each 1°C temperature rise, with warmer regions expected to suffer the most.
A comprehensive community-based effort led to a significant drop in suicide rates, with a 38.3% decrease in overall deaths and attempts. The program, developed by the tribe in collaboration with Johns Hopkins researchers, tracks and triages individuals with suicidal thoughts and provides culturally tailored interventions.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology developed a new method to create durable quantum states in nitrogen atoms and microwaves, increasing the lifetime of quantum memory by more than an order of magnitude. This breakthrough enables important quantum-technological applications with faster data processing times.
A study of over 38,000 US children found their diet quality improved between 1999 and 2012, but still lags behind, with disparities seen among racial and economic groups.
Research reveals that the grounding line of Pine Island Glacier retreated from a prominent seafloor ridge by 1945, with final ungrounding occurring in 1970. The team's findings suggest that ice-sheet retreat continued even when climate forcing weakened.
A new study found that rats with low blood alcohol levels do not consume more calories, contradicting previous assumptions. However, rats with high blood alcohol levels consume fewer calories and lose weight, suggesting a different relationship between feeding behavior and intoxication.
A substantial percentage of LASIK surgery patients experience new visual symptoms, including double images and glare, despite a decrease in overall prevalence. Researchers found that up to 43% of patients reported these new symptoms at 3 months post-op.
Researchers predict malaria elimination is achievable in southern Africa if vector control measures are implemented aggressively and mass drug campaigns focus on high-risk areas. Human movement within the region should be targeted to prevent importation of infections.
A new sweat-sensing skin patch can track biomarkers like electrolytes, glucose, and pH to monitor health and fitness. The device was tested in healthy volunteers and showed reliable results with minimal discomfort.
Researchers at NIST have developed a way to build safe, nontoxic gold wires onto flexible plastic film, potentially enabling wearable health monitors. The discovery uses porous membranes with tiny holes, which keep the gold from cracking and improving conductivity.
Researchers at Concordia University have designed a new software solution called Hypnoguard to safeguard laptop data while the computer is in sleep mode. The system uses encryption and password-based authentication to protect critical data from unauthorized access.
A randomized clinical trial found that individual cognitive processing therapy improved PTSD severity more than group therapy, with patients receiving individual sessions experiencing twice the improvement. Depression and suicidal ideation also improved equally with both forms of therapy.
Psychologists warn that lying about Father Christmas can erode children's trust in their parents, while also being a way for adults to re-enter childhood imagination. The authors argue that the harsh realities of adult life may require a 'better' creation to believe in.
Researchers have discovered unexpected cells in the protective membranes covering the brain that produce new neurons after birth. This finding challenges current ideas about the brain's ability to heal and regenerate, and opens up new possibilities for developing new therapies for brain damage or neurodegeneration.
Researchers found that engaging in daily creative activities led to increased feelings of enthusiasm and higher 'flourishing' states. The study supports the idea that everyday creativity can cultivate positive psychological functioning.
A study published in PLOS Computational Biology found that as people age, their brain activity becomes less cohesive, with smaller groups of connected regions. This loss of coherence is associated with aging and may be linked to age-related impairments.
Researchers at Centre for Genomic Regulation develop new technology to detect latent HIV, shedding light on expression landscape of the virus in human genome. The technology shows that different HIV reactivation drugs target different locations within chromosome, leading to more selective treatment.
UCSF researchers found a way to pause the development of early mouse embryos for up to a month in the lab by inhibiting a master regulator of cell growth. The treatment could improve outcomes in assisted reproduction and regenerative medicine, while also potentially slowing cancer growth.
Four Kiel University instruments will measure electrons, protons and ions in the Solar Orbiter space probe. The instruments passed tests with flying colours, providing valuable insights into sun particle radiation and its effect on Earth.
A Rutgers study found that Generation X has a higher incidence of stroke than baby boomers, with obesity and diabetes being likely causes. The rate of stroke more than doubled among Gen X compared to the previous generation.
Researchers found that a cavity formed beneath the glacier prior to the mid-1940s, allowing warm sea water to flow under it and cause retreat. The study provides direct evidence of the timing of glacier retreat before satellite measurements were available.
A meta-analysis of 57 studies representing almost 21,000 patients reveals a pooled prevalence of depression in mild cognitive impairment patients at 32%, varying by source and setting. Further research on depression in MCI patients is warranted to inform clinical decisions and public health policy.
Margarita Romanets' invention uses water-based cultivation to grow strong-rooted strawberry plants immune to diseases. The method allows for a good harvest over 4-5 years and is being tested at RUDN Agrarian-Technological Institute.
Using computer simulations, researchers at MIT and others have made significant strides in understanding the way graphene behaves when something slides along its surface. The findings reveal that the quality of contact between two surfaces is more important than the true contact area in explaining a material's frictional behavior.
A large study published in The BMJ found that high intake of major saturated fatty acids increases the risk of coronary heart disease. Replacing these fats with polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, or plant-based sources can reduce this risk by 6-8%.
Vaccine producers are accused of using monopoly power to determine who lives or dies, with prices often exceeding $120 per dose in wealthy countries. Experts argue for fair pricing that takes into account research and manufacturing costs, public health importance, and collective value creation.
A wearable device measures key biomarkers in sweat to monitor health during exercise and detect diseases like cystic fibrosis. The low-cost, flexible device analyzes biomarker concentrations using colorimetric analysis and provides real-time results.
Interventional radiologists at Rush University Medical Center have developed methods to remove filters that previously couldn't be removed, achieving a 100% retrieval rate. The team uses specialized tools and medical expertise to perform minimally invasive procedures.
Researchers have developed a new method to detect bacterial biofilms using molecular chameleons, which emit a unique optical fingerprint. This breakthrough could lead to improved understanding of biofilm formation and its applications in medical care and the food industry.
A new study by Michigan State University scientists reveals that certain virulent bacteria can directly inject a protein into plant cells, increasing water content and disease prevalence. This discovery highlights the critical role of humidity in plant-disease outbreaks, particularly under conditions of prolonged high humidity.
Researchers used a combination of measurements to gather detailed information on problematic carbon-based deposits in catalysts, known as coke. They found that uneven distribution of aluminum in zeolite catalysts caused coke buildup, which blocks chemical reactions vital to fuel production and other processes.
A team of scientists has isolated a mutated prion protein that can multiply in the lab but not in living animals. The mutant scrapie prion lacks a crucial stretch of amino acids necessary for animal infection, providing new insights into the mechanisms behind prion infectiousness.
Researchers have successfully created the first intermetallic double salt with platinum, Cesium Platinide Hydride (4Cs2Pt?CsH), which exhibits a translucent ruby red crystal structure. The compound is highly unstable and can only exist in an inert environment, similar to outer space conditions.
A year-long study found that birds in leafy suburban neighborhoods fly between gardens with more vegetation than those with paved gardens or roads, visiting bird feeders more often. This knowledge can help urban planners create cities more attractive to nature and humans.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham identified two types of synovial fibroblast cells responsible for cartilage damage in RA patients. The study suggests targeting these cell processes could lead to more effective and manageable treatments.
A study by the Harvey L. Neiman Health Policy Institute found a decline in new enteral access procedures for Medicare patients over the past two decades. Meanwhile, maintenance services increased, with radiologists and emergency physicians surpassing gastroenterologists and surgeons as leading providers.
A study published in Nature Cell Biology reveals a pro-growth signaling pathway common to many cancers that can be targeted with precision, leading to the efficient killing of cancer cells while leaving healthy cells unaffected. The researchers identified a scaffolding protein IQGAP1 as a key player in this pathway.
A new study found that parental confidence in helping children get enough sleep is positively associated with child sleep duration. Additionally, higher parent sleep duration was also linked to increased child sleep duration, suggesting that addressing insufficient sleep among children may require family-based interventions.
A study of Medicare beneficiaries with cancer found those without supplemental insurance faced the highest out-of-pocket costs. Hospitalizations were a primary reason for these costs, with some patients facing expenses exceeding 63% of their household income.
A recent study published in The Cryosphere suggests Antarctic sea ice has barely changed in size over the past 100 years. Researchers used ship logbooks from explorers like Robert Scott and Ernest Shackleton to compare ice edge locations during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration with modern satellite data.
Peter Arner's research revealed processes that contribute to obesity and diabetes, including the turnover of fat tissue and the production of adipokines. His work also showed that fat cells are renewed relatively rapidly, regardless of weight loss, and that a molecule called TNFα alters leptin levels.
Researchers developed a new imaging technique that allows studying protein misfolding and toxicity in neurodegenerative diseases. The technique enables visualizing changes in protein molecules' surfaces, shedding light on the mechanisms behind these devastating diseases.
Research in mice shows that microbes communicate with hosts by sending metabolites that act on histones, influencing gene transcription. Diet composition impacts microbiome and epigenetic changes, with healthy diets promoting beneficial metabolite production.
A study has identified the gut microbiome's role in regulating host gene expression through the epigenome. A plant-based diet favors a healthier microbiome and promotes interplay between microbes and host cells. This research suggests that a Western diet may disrupt this communication, leading to potential health issues.
Researchers found that AML patients with TP53 mutations respond to milder chemotherapy drug decitabine, achieving remission and median survival over a year. The study suggests using targeted therapy for younger patients carrying the mutation.