The largest database of protein-to-protein interaction networks, InWeb_InBioMap, can illuminate how numerous disease-associated genes contribute to disease development and progression. By analyzing over 586,000 interactions, researchers may identify new candidate genes and improve understanding of processes that occur in human cells.
Researchers have developed three key components for optical communication that work with light, enabling high-performance computers and miniaturized volumes. The innovations utilize surface plasmons to control the propagation of light in matter.
A new study reveals that acorn worms can regrow every major body part, including the head, nervous system, and internal organs, from nothing after being sliced in half. The researchers hope to unlock the genetic network responsible for this feat and apply it to humans.
A new study found that improvised wound irrigation tools in the wilderness can be effective, producing pressures similar to commercial devices. The research examined various options and found that all systems using compressible water bottles met or exceeded pressure standards.
A study published in BMJ Open found that many fertility clinics make unsubstantiated claims about treatments beyond standard IVF procedures. The researchers identified a lack of supporting evidence cited by websites and clinics, with only a few interventions having moderate quality evidence to support their benefits.
A recent study has identified a link between cerebrospinal fluid volume changes and visual impairment in long-duration space missions. The findings suggest that the increased fluid pressure in microgravity may cause structural changes in the eye, leading to blurry vision and other symptoms.
Researchers at the University of Kent have developed a new method to extend the life of silicone voice prostheses for throat cancer patients by treating a common fungal infection. By addressing Candida albicans, patients can now carry on using their voice prosthesis for longer, reducing the risk of secondary chest infections.
Biologists observed the emergence of two distinct virus species within a month-long experiment, leveraging a harmless human virus and two types of bacteria with varying receptors. This rapid process, known as speciation, was previously challenging to study due to its slow pace.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a smart patch that monitors a patient's blood and releases blood-thinning drugs as needed. The patch, made with microneedles containing hyaluronic acid and Heparin, can prevent thrombosis in animal models, offering a more effective treatment than traditional methods.
Researchers from the Niels Bohr Institute have recreated characteristics of ultra-diffuse faint galaxies using computer simulations. The study reveals that supernovae explosions during star formation can push stars and dark matter outwards, causing galaxies to expand and become faint.
Researchers recommend combining dry-injection technology with modified traditional hollow-tine aerification programs for growing healthy ultradwarf bermudagrass putting greens. The optimal combination improves soil physical properties, such as bulk density and water infiltration.
Researchers at URV develop collaborative filtering model with scalable algorithm for predicting individual preferences and group overlaps. The new approach provides more accurate predictions than existing algorithms by considering individual differences, making it ideal for large datasets.
The University of California - Santa Barbara's ESTEEM program offers scholarship funding, outreach, and academic counseling to help low-income engineering transfer students complete their degrees. The initiative aims to address the lack of diversity in STEM fields and provide a critical push to these promising students.
The US blood system is under pressure due to reduced demand, technological advancements, and emerging pathogens. To address these challenges, researchers recommend targeted government oversight, comprehensive data collection, and subsidy support for blood centers to maintain surge capacity.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine developed a receptor that attracted a key cancer-causing molecule called Gas6, slowing the progression of pancreatic and ovarian cancer in mice. The 'decoy receptor' showed a higher ability to reduce or stop cancer growth than other treatments did.
Scientists at TUM have determined the molecular mechanisms of inhibitors that can selectively thwart the human immunoproteasome. This could lead to the development of new drugs for autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes.
Researchers aim to create highly personalized approach to treating cystic fibrosis by analyzing mucus hydration and clearance in patient nasal cells using nuclear imaging techniques. The study could lead to a more effective treatment, increased life expectancy, and improved quality of life for CF patients.
A liver hormone called FGF21 may regulate alcohol drinking by acting directly on a receptor in the brain, according to a new study. The researchers found variations of a gene called β-Klotho that were related to the amount of alcohol people consumed, indicating that this gene may regulate drinking behaviour.
Scientists at Caltech have developed a method to combine deterministic and random processes for creating complex nanostructures out of DNA. By controlling the design of individual tiles and their interactions, they can produce emergent features with tunable statistical properties, including loop, maze, and tree structures.
Researchers discovered that Staph bacteria use the nitric oxide synthase enzyme to colonize nasal passages, allowing them to thrive in low-oxygen environments. This mechanism may contribute to the virulence and resistance of staphylococcus bacteria, making it a potential target for prevention strategies.
The DFG is establishing 20 new Research Training Groups to support early career researchers, including topics such as medical imaging, analysis of authority and trust in US politics and society. The groups will receive €87 million in funding over four and a half years.
A University of Georgia research team found that participation in the Strong African American Families Program enhances brain development in regions promoting learning, memory, and stress tolerance. This prevention program strengthens family relationships and supportive parenting among African-American families living in poverty.
Researchers at the University of Konstanz are developing nano factories that can prevent bacterial colonization on surfaces. The team, led by Sebastian Polarz and David Schleheck, plans to create a cocktail of chemical compounds that specifically target bacteria, reducing the need for antibiotics.
Researchers found that nine out of 11 mountain bird species shifted their lower boundaries downslope, defying expectations. The study highlights the need for caution when applying conventional expectations to species' responses to climate change.
Researchers found three areas of hot rock within the mantle beneath three separate volcanic provinces, indicating that Madagascar's volcanoes are not related to nearby tectonic activity. The study suggests that the island's unique geology, with a delaminated lithosphere and a mantle plume, led to the formation of these hot regions.
Researchers discovered that enzyme KDM4B selectively binds to specific epigenetic marks on histone proteins, enabling its
A new study finds that salt marshes do not respond significantly to fertilization with excess nitrogen. This challenges the long-held assumption that these coastal resources can soak up excess nutrients through enhanced plant growth, preventing low-oxygen dead zones and harmful algal blooms.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital identified a small RNA that regulates the production of a protein targeted by antipsychotics, providing new clues for quieting the 'voices' of schizophrenia. The microRNA was linked to disruptions in brain circuits and age-related delays in symptom onset.
Veterans with Iraq-Afghanistan war-related epilepsy had substantially higher mortality rates than those without the condition. After controlling for comorbid conditions, IAVs with epilepsy were about 2.6 times more likely to die during a 5-year span.
A large study analyzed over 5.6 million screening mammograms and found a gradual upward trend in cancer detection rates and positive predictive values with increasing age, but no clear evidence for age-based mammography cessation. The findings support guidelines encouraging individual patient decisions based on health status.
A systematic review found that achieving brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and pro-brain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) predischarge thresholds is associated with reduced mortality and readmission in patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure. The evidence was low-strength, but the studies consistently showed ...
Researchers at UC Berkeley discovered that humans use visual cues to quickly determine if something is lifelike or not. In real life, this allows us to navigate social situations and avoid confusion, while in the lab, participants accurately rated groups of images as more or less lifelike even when shown for just 250 milliseconds.
A study found that children with disabilities are victimized by bullying at a much higher rate over time than their peers without disabilities. Schools should refocus efforts on teaching social skills to combat bullying in more positive ways.
Researchers at Nocturnal and GW are developing a new generation of catheters for treating atrial fibrillation with real-time lesion visualization tools. The technology aims to improve treatment options for millions of people affected by the condition.
A study found that medium and high crop loads resulted in higher total polyphenol content in cider. Meanwhile, low crop loads led to lower yeast-assimilable nitrogen concentrations in apple juice. These findings suggest optimal management strategies for orchard managers to improve cider quality.
New research published in the Journal of Economic Theory highlights a fundamental contradiction in the policy of making land owners paid more than it costs them to conserve forests. This market inefficiency leads to stalemate and makes forest protection unfeasible through logging with some chance or gradual logging to secure funding.
VirusDetect is a free, open-source bioinformatics pipeline that analyzes small RNA datasets to identify both known and novel viruses. Researchers can predict the presence of RNA viruses, DNA viruses, and viroids using an antiviral defense system called RNA interference (RNAi).
László Erdős and Horng-Tzer Yau proved the universality conjecture, a major breakthrough in random matrix theory. This achievement has significant implications for physics, statistical analysis, finance, and materials science, among other fields.
Bekzod Khakimov, a promising young researcher from the University of Copenhagen, has received the first Nils Foss Talent Prize. His work focuses on metabolomics, using Gas Chromatography-Mass spectrometry to improve data analysis and reproducibility.
A survey of primary care physicians reveals most would provide only partial disclosure of medical errors, falling short of patient expectations and national guidelines. The strongest predictors of disclosure were perceived personal responsibility, seriousness of the event, and value of patient-centered communication.
A study of over 105,000 light and heavy social drinkers found a variation in the β-Klotho gene associated with decreased desire for alcohol. The less frequent variant is seen in approximately 40% of participants and is linked to a reduced risk of excessive drinking.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have developed an algorithm that reveals micron-sized bumps and grooves in lab worms, exposing potential subtle genetic connections to diseases. The technique uses digital optics and computational genetics to analyze intricate web of gene mutations.
Physicists at NIST have combined two experimental atomic clocks based on ytterbium atoms to set a new world record for clock stability. The dual-clock design eliminates dead time and noise, resulting in a more powerful tool for precision tests and applications.
Researchers found that compost can establish growing media pH similar to limestone, reducing the need for peatmoss and limestone. Compost provides supplemental nutrition, suppresses disease-causing organisms, and can be used as a limestone substitute for pH establishment.
A clinical trial of infection-detecting bandages is underway using samples from hundreds of burns patients across four UK hospitals. The technology has potential to improve treatment outcomes by detecting infections earlier, allowing for targeted treatment and reducing antibiotic use.
A hospital-based injury prevention program helps teens understand the dangers of texting, cell phone use, and other distractions while driving. The program increased teens' awareness of the risks and encouraged them to adopt healthy driving behaviors, such as not making phone calls or sending texts while driving.
Researchers have developed a biodegradable capsule that can administer protein therapy to treat hemophilia B, providing hope for a more accessible and affordable treatment. The oral delivery system contains micro- and nanoparticles that carry the protein therapy and are designed to release it over time, alleviating the burden of inject...
A new study by Renée Baillargeon and colleagues found that 2.5-year-old children can answer questions about people acting on false beliefs, a skill previously thought to develop until age 4. The researchers developed a modified version of the Sally-Anne test, which gave children a chance to prepare for the question and reduced processi...
Researchers at University of East Anglia developed guidelines to make scientific graphics more accessible and understandable. The new guidelines, published in Nature Climate Change, provide recommendations on how to design graphics that are easy to comprehend by both experts and non-experts.
Scientists discovered that expressing a single subunit of a chaperone complex can improve protein folding and extend lifespan. The study found that this approach mimics the proteostasis of human pluripotent stem cells and delays age-related diseases in a model organism.
Researchers at Waseda University have created a polymer that can store hydrogen in a light and compact sheet, while maintaining safety. The material has shown promise in releasing hydrogen under mild conditions, making it suitable for widespread commercialization.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital developed new methods for mapping and measuring solid stress within tumors, which may lead to novel treatment strategies. These methods revealed that solid stress and stored elastic energy may be different in primary and metastatic tumors.
A new technique for structural color has been developed by Harvard researchers, inspired by the disordered nanonetwork of bird feathers. The system creates a gradient of colors using a metallic alloy and a thin transparent coating, enabling vibrant hues for applications such as lightweight coatings, biomimetic tissues, and camouflage.
The Hadza people, an indigenous ethnic group in Tanzania, engage in significantly more physical activity than recommended by US government standards. Their lifestyle, characterized by regular hunting and gathering, is associated with extremely low risk of cardiovascular disease.
A new study found that vestibular thresholds double every 10 years above 40, correlating strongly with poorer balance test results and increased fall risk. Vestibular dysfunction is estimated to cause up to 152,000 American deaths each year, making it a leading cause of death.
The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology have released new osteoporosis guidelines recommending that all postmenopausal women aged 50 and older be evaluated for osteoporosis risk. Successful treatment is defined as stable or increasing bone mineral density with no evidence of new fract...
Researchers found complex and active life under the ice in over 100 lakes, with productivity exceeding summer levels in some cases. This discovery complicates understanding of freshwater systems as climate change warms lakes worldwide.
A recent study published in Journal of Vision found that women and men process facial information differently, with women exhibiting a stronger left eye bias and exploring faces more thoroughly. The researchers used eye-tracking technology on almost 500 participants to analyze their scanning patterns.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University discovered that a protein called TIGAR promotes the growth of breast cancer cells by altering cell metabolism, which could be targeted with existing drugs like metformin and doxycycline. These therapies have already passed safety testing in humans and may help reduce tumor growth.
Scientists at Monash University have discovered a new mechanism by which algae in sand survive under conditions of constant mixing. They found that these organisms ferment, producing hydrogen and other compounds like oleate, a component of olive oil. This breakthrough has significant implications for the biofuels industry.