Researchers create compact sources of coherent plasmons using van der Waals heterostructures, enabling compact optoelectronic circuits. The discovery has potential applications in signal transmission and tunable sources of terahertz radiation.
Researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology developed a novel synthetic method to create chiral polymers containing cinchona sulfonamide repeating units. These polymers showed high catalytic activity in asymmetric reactions, enabling the enantioselective desymmetrization of cyclic anhydrides.
People with epilepsy are seven-fold more likely to experience discrimination due to health problems than the general population. Adverse life events such as discrimination may be an important factor in the development of depression and anxiety disorders among individuals with epilepsy.
Academic publishers are moving towards requiring data publication with citations, but current systems struggle to accommodate dynamic data structures. A new paper proposes an automated citation system that would generate standardized citations for extracted data, providing a solution for improving reproducibility and credibility.
A new software package called Knodle has been developed to predict the hybridization, bond orders, and functional groups' annotation in molecules. This technology enables researchers to identify potential drugs more efficiently, reducing the search area from hundreds of thousands to just a hundred
The EPR-CAT study seeks to test whether rapid cooling of the body temperature can give surgeons extra time to find and repair injuries, improving patient outcomes. By decreasing oxygen demand, cooling may protect vital organs from permanent damage.
Underpriced policies and the absence of young, healthy individuals in insurance risk pools are driving up premiums. Insurers like Aetna face significant losses, prompting rate hikes and withdrawals from the marketplaces. The long-term consequences threaten the sustainability of the Affordable Care Act.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a new electronic 'paper' that is bendable and gives all the colors of a standard LED display. The material requires significantly less energy than a Kindle tablet, making it suitable for well-lit places such as outdoor displays.
Researchers found that reducing timber revenues can increase biodiversity indicators and improve landscape multifunctionality. Combining forest growth simulations with multiobjective optimization, they concluded that diversified forest management planning is necessary to resolve conflicts between objectives.
A new species of plant, Gastrodia kuroshimensis, has been discovered in Japan, exhibiting unique characteristics of non-photosynthesis and cleistogamy. This discovery provides an opportunity to investigate the ecological significance and evolutionary history of complete cleistogamy.
A team of chemists has developed a process to identify new catalysts for synthesizing drugs more efficiently and cheaply. By examining libraries of drugs, they found highly effective ligands that can improve reactions beyond those reported nearly four years ago.
Researchers at Australian National University are developing next-generation food crops that can produce bigger yields and resist drought better than current crops. Crops like sorghum and millet use a more efficient form of photosynthesis, allowing them to thrive in extreme conditions.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 randomized controlled trials found potential beneficial effects of flavanol-rich cocoa on cardiometabolic health. Flavanol intake may reduce dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and systemic inflammation, which are major subclinical risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases.
Researchers developed a new way to drive fluid droplets across surfaces in a precisely controlled manner using temperature differences. The method opens up possibilities for highly adaptable microfluidic devices and de-icing technologies.
A UA-led study found selenium supplementation significantly increased the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, casting doubt on its effectiveness for preventing colorectal cancer. The study suggests a reevaluation of selenium supplements' use due to this potential adverse effect.
A study found that patients who knowingly took a placebo pill alongside traditional treatment for lower back pain saw more improvement than those given treatment alone. The placebo effect was triggered by the patient-clinician relationship and ritual of taking pills, rather than conscious expectation of an active medicine.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have determined that the surface texture of gallium nitride (GaN) materials can influence the health of nearby cells. The study found that altering the surface texture of GaN materials, such as making them rough or smooth, can cause metabolic changes in cells.
Scholars studied archaeological and paleoenvironmental records to understand the intensification of agriculture in northern China, revealing a significant impact on fire frequency and natural environments. The findings suggest that millet cultivation played a crucial role in the emergence of ancient Chinese civilization.
Researchers have developed a method to quantify semen activity based on its spinning motion, providing an objective ranking for artificial insemination. The technique measures the collective rotation of sperm in a semen drop, which is faster and more reliable than current subjective rankings.
Research from Lund University finds that ENSO leads to increased shortages of food and animal feed in rural areas of eastern and southern Africa. The study calculates the impact of carbon dioxide absorption by vegetation on food production and predicts a worsening situation as weather phenomena become more frequent.
A new study found that neuropilin 2 deficiency leads to excessive and prolonged fluid build-up after inflammation, causing edema. The research also revealed a novel hypothesis that endogenous Semaphorin 3F protein inhibits vascular permeability and edema.
Researchers will investigate how adaptations in one insect species allow others to follow, generating new biodiversity. The study focuses on the apple maggot fly and its parasitoid wasps, exploring how shifting life histories impact species interactions and ecosystem diversity.
A study finds that Payment by Results (PbR) can lead to ineffective aid distribution due to a lack of accurate data. PbR may reward performance for improvements that would have happened anyway, highlighting the need for robust data sources.
The study aims to examine the biochemical and biomechanical bases for osteoarthritis development after ACL surgery. Researchers plan to analyze gait mechanics, electromyography, qMRI, and finite element modeling to understand knee unloading and cartilage stress distribution.
Long-term clinical data supports the efficacy of PRRT in treating neuroendocrine tumors, improving tumor response rates and progression-free survival. To minimize toxicity, steps such as timing of therapy, patient selection criteria, dose optimization, and adequate monitoring can be taken.
A team of physicists has broken Rayleigh's limit, achieving resolutions up to 17 times lower than previously thought. This discovery opens doors to significant improvement in imaging systems and challenges traditional Optics textbooks.
New research reveals that human transport has a significant impact on the genetics of marine species, disrupting natural patterns and leading to unexpected consequences. The study found a mosaic of genetic patterns in a native invertebrate species, suggesting that anthropogenic activities are altering genetic composition in native ranges.
A new study published in The FASEB Journal found that early life exposure to a diet high in soy protein isolate can protect against serious bone loss during adulthood. This is the first time scientists have used an animal model to show concrete evidence of a protective effect of an early-life soy protein isolate diet on adult bone loss.
A study by University of East Anglia found that organisations with more creative employees enjoy higher levels of customer satisfaction. The study recommends investing in developing the creative capabilities of customer service employees through tailored HR practices, including workshops and training.
A study published in Ecology Letters examines the relationship between agricultural runoff and harmful algal blooms in the Gulf of Mexico, revealing that managing landscapes at watershed levels can improve water quality. Reservoirs are identified as areas where nutrient loads could be diminished without affecting silica concentrations.
A study of 700 patients aged 65 or older found that sedating them with a mild sedative after surgery reduced the risk of post-operative delirium by nearly two-thirds. The condition, which can cause confusion and hallucinations, affects up to one in three people who have major operations.
Researchers explore using human pluripotent stem cells to identify cardiotoxicity risks in patients taking chemotherapy agents and other drugs. This approach may boost the number of successful clinical trials for cardiovascular disease treatments.
Hurricane Nicole strengthened to a Category 4 storm with maximum sustained winds of 120 mph before landfall in Bermuda. The storm's large ocean swells were spreading northward along the U.S. East Coast and into Atlantic Canada.
Researchers found that culturing T cells in N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) before infusion improved effectiveness and outcomes in a preclinical model of melanoma. Nearly 40% of NAC-cultured T cells were detectable in tumors after transfer, compared to approximately 1.2% of standard-culture T cells.
A recent study links a disease-associated microbial state to increased risk of developing IBD in genetically- and environmentally-susceptible individuals. Another study found that exposure to high altitude conditions triggers local acid sensing pathways leading to disease progression in IBD patients. Meanwhile, research highlights the ...
Researchers at Duke University have developed a simple, energy-efficient way to create three-dimensional acoustic holograms using Lego-like metamaterials. The technique manipulates sound waves into desired patterns, enabling applications such as improving sound quality in speakers and creating realistic ultrasound images.
Researchers from Penn State and industry partners aim to create low-cost, durable anion exchange membranes with novel cations for commercial-scale applications in fuel cells and electrolyzers. They will focus on stable polymers meeting ARPA-E requirements for resistance and cost.
Nearly all Canadian provinces and territories restrict access to direct-acting antivirals for treating hepatitis C, citing cost concerns. The disease affects over 220,000 Canadians, who often face lengthy delays in receiving treatment.
Researchers discovered a chemical called Beta-LGND2 that converts white fat to brown fat, increasing metabolism and facilitating weight loss in mice. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for obesity and metabolic diseases.
Researchers have developed a new way to reveal crystal features in functional materials using infrared light, allowing for detailed imaging at the nanoscale. The technique enables better design and optimization of material properties, with applications in electronics, energy conversion, and biological studies.
Research suggests that high cholesterol levels trigger mitochondrial oxidative stress on cartilage cells, causing them to die and ultimately leading to the development of osteoarthritis. Mitochondria targeting antioxidants have shown promise as a viable treatment strategy.
Researchers developed a new probability model to detect psychosis risk with 70% accuracy, combining medical history, clinical assessment, and biomarkers of fatty acids. This could lead to timely treatment and prevention of psychotic episodes.
Researchers from Sandia and Harvard Universities have successfully embedded silicon atoms in a diamond matrix to create the first quantum bridge. This breakthrough enables the connection of multiple small quantum computers, potentially revolutionizing quantum sensing and information distribution.
Researchers have created a new library of human stem cells with different levels of admixed European, African and Native American genomic ancestry. The cell lines can be used to test drug toxicity and study differential drug response.
Researchers aim to create personalized brain signatures for effective PTSD treatment using biomarkers and functional MRI scans. The study will track 160 veterans receiving psychotherapy to evaluate the predictive value of cognitive biomarkers.
Coastal Louisiana's unique situation allows scientists to study future global sea level rise effects on wetland-dominated coastlines. The region experiences a relative sea level rise rate of 13 millimeters per year, with extensive coastal wetland loss and rapid erosion of carbon-rich peat soils.
Researchers use optimal coherence tomography (OCT) angiography to identify characteristic patterns of different forms of glaucoma based on their vascular patterns. This breakthrough technology could lead to earlier diagnosis and potentially slow down the progression of vision loss.
A Dartmouth-led team has developed WristWhirl, a smartwatch prototype that enables users to perform common touch screen gestures with one-handed continuous input. The prototype demonstrated accurate gesture recognition and was tested in various usage scenarios, showcasing its potential for future smartwatch applications.
Researchers found that poplar trees and many other plants naturally produce zip-lignin, a compound that breaks down easily under simple chemical conditions. This discovery could lead to increased degradability of a vast array of plants through breeding or engineering.
Tropical Storm Sarika is expected to intensify into a typhoon before landfall in Luzon, according to NASA's Joint Typhoon Warning Center. The storm system will move westward and re-strengthen after passing over the South China Sea.
A study of wild chimpanzees found that female chimps maintain a stable social rank throughout their lives, whereas males' ranks fluctuate as they age. This unique strategy suggests that females consider long-term reproductive success over short-term gains.
A large prospective cohort study found associations between high BMI, waist circumference, and type 2 diabetes with increased risk for liver cancer. The study, published in Cancer Research, adds substantial support to the link between obesity-related cancers, including liver cancer.
A recent study by Lund University reveals that small-scale farmers in Indonesia are leading to biodiversity decline and ecosystem disruption. The researchers found that the adoption of monoculture farming practices results in short-term financial gains but long-term environmental costs.
Researchers Jaroslaw Maciejewski and Richard Padgett will investigate the role of spliceosomal factor mutations and deletions in myelodysplastic syndromes. The study aims to clarify the pathogenesis of these diseases by identifying their effects on mRNA splicing.
The superradiant laser uses synchronized emissions of light from strontium atoms to improve atomic clock performance and create precise 'rulers' for space science. The laser's output is expected to be less sensitive to noise, making it sharper as a precision tool.
The Quebec-Iceland agreement aims to stimulate the development of sustainable energy for communities and industrial projects in northern regions. The partnership combines expertise in geothermal electricity and hydroelectricity, leading to a focus on diversifying energy sources, energy recovery systems, and power grids.
A study by the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that clearing vacant lots and adding windows to vacant houses can reduce neighborhood gun violence. The intervention yielded significant cost savings for society, with an estimated $333 return on investment.
Researchers develop predictive model to calculate spray pattern produced by wave impacts, helping engineers design better seawalls and coastal defenses. The findings suggest that water is dispersed in a distinct pattern varying depending on wave size.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory have found that static charge stripes coexist with superconductivity in a cuprate material. This discovery suggests that the electrons forming the static stripes may separate from the free-moving electron pairs required for superconductivity.
The Florida Scrub-jay study reveals that genetic diversity is vital to the species' survival, relying on immigrants from smaller satellite populations for genetic material in mating. The loss of these small populations has led to increased inbreeding and a decline in offspring survival rates.