Research found that 5- and 6-year-olds attributed more mental states to characters of the same gender or geographic origin as them, highlighting early origins of social phenomena like dehumanization and bias between groups
Researchers suggest that plant hormones produced by plants can be synthesized by gut microbes, influencing inflammatory diseases. Consuming ABA-rich fruits and vegetables may help alleviate aspects of diabetes.
Researchers at ITMO University have developed a new approach for printing luminescent structures using europium-doped zirconia nanoparticle ink. The ink enables the fabrication of custom holograms with high stability and durability.
Researchers develop microorganisms that convert human urine and CO2 into chemicals to make new plastics and nutrients. The goal is to reduce waste and reuse resources for long-duration space missions, which require minimizing fuel costs by conserving weight.
Researchers found that largemouth bass stressed by air exposure are less likely to be caught by angling, suggesting a potential link between cortisol levels and fishing vulnerability. The study's findings have implications for fisheries management and the selection of fish populations for recreational fishing.
Researchers are developing a novel, non-invasive, infrared-light-based neuro-stimulation tool to map and image the effects of infrared light on the human brain. The goal is to modulate and improve brain waves and circuits, leading to potential improvements in memory and cognition.
Researchers from Lomonosov Moscow State University studied the stages of rock deformation and revealed a criterion that can predict the critical stage of fracture when rocks destroy. The study used acoustic emission signals to identify different energy distributions, which can indicate the transition to a critical state.
Researchers at the University of Basel developed a rapid test to diagnose Sp110 protein deficiency, a severe immune defect. The test uses flow cytometry to detect the presence of Sp110 protein in patient blood cells, enabling quick diagnosis in hours.
Researchers at The Institute of Cancer Research found a genetic weakness, BTK addiction, that makes oesophageal cancer cells sensitive to ibrutinib. This discovery could lead to a new approach to treatment for oesophageal cancer patients with MYC mutations.
Typhoon Hato is intensifying as it approaches mainland China, with extremely cold cloud top temperatures detected by NASA's AIRS instrument. The storm's maximum sustained winds were near 65 knots, expected to strengthen further before making landfall.
A study published in JAMA Network finds that newer LDL-C reducing drugs are not cost-effective at current prices. To meet cost-effectiveness thresholds, prices would need to be reduced by more than two-thirds, according to a recent trial finding that these drugs reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events.
Long-term use of high-dose vitamin B6 and B12 supplements is associated with a two- to four-fold increased lung cancer risk in men. Male smokers taking these supplements were three times more likely to develop lung cancer, while those taking higher doses were approximately four times more likely.
Researchers discover latrophilin/CIRL receptor's mechanism of action, using ion channels and intracellular messengers to trigger signal cascades. The study uses Drosophila larvae and super-resolution microscopy to visualize receptor location and signal transmission.
Adult survivors of childhood cancer are more likely to experience financial burden from out-of-pocket healthcare costs, leading to behaviors that may harm their health. Survivors with higher costs were more likely to skip treatments, postpone medical care, and worry about accessing healthcare.
A study found that tweets about opioid misuse on Twitter were strongly correlated with state-by-state information from the National Surveys on Drug Usage and Health. The research used a list of keywords to extract relevant tweets, which were then clustered based on semantic distance and verified by medical toxicologists.
A recent study found that female adolescents from low-income households with wide salary gaps show changes to their brain maturation, indicating a higher risk of developing mental illness. The research suggests that social environment and income inequality can influence brain development.
New research found that students from less privileged backgrounds remain far less likely to participate in informal science learning experiences. Schools can play a leading role in encouraging interest in science among traditionally marginalized groups, argue researchers.
A new study identified over 11,000 miR-122 binding sites in a mouse model and found that three conserved target genes are associated with poor human HCC patient survival. The findings could help doctors predict liver cancer patient survival and develop an anticancer drug.
A study using fMRI scans found that reduced neural activity in teens at high risk of adult obesity may be an early predictor. The researchers discovered that lean adolescents with a family history of overweight parents showed less self-regulation activity than their peers.
Researchers found that serotonin can make neurons hyperactive and hypersensitive to stimuli in the brain, worsening tinnitus. The study has implications for treating anxiety or depression with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which may compound feelings of anxiety in patients with tinnitus.
NYU Tandon researchers develop novel microfluidic technology to study methane hydrate formation, measuring the impact of heat transfer and mass transfer on crystal propagation rates. The breakthrough could lead to new technologies for gas separations and efficient natural gas storage.
Researchers developed an algorithm using AI and big data to recognize dementia signatures two years before onset from a single amyloid PET scan. The tool could improve patient care and accelerate treatment research into Alzheimer's disease.
A recent study finds that megacities generate an average of $505 million in ecosystem services from trees, including air and water filtration, stormwater management, and energy savings. The value of tree benefits could be doubled by increasing tree cover, improving urban well-being and mitigating climate change.
Researchers at the University of Michigan and MIT have developed Vroom software that optimizes the end-to-end interaction between mobile devices and web servers. By bundling resources and sending 'dependency hints' to browsers, Vroom cuts median load times by half, from 10 seconds to 5 seconds.
A study found that patients with one normal BRCA gene and germline mutations in breast and ovarian cancers had better survival rates when treated with chemotherapy. The research team evaluated the genetic profiles of 160 tumors and discovered a relationship between BRCA gene retention and resistance to treatment. Patients with normal B...
New research reveals abstinence-only-until-marriage programs are ineffective in delaying sexual initiation and reducing risk behaviors. Comprehensive sex education has favorable effects on multiple adolescent behaviors, including delayed initiation of sexual activity.
Exposure to a complex environment with new sights, sounds, and experiences can strengthen infants' developing brains, helping maintain a smooth neural network. Environmental enrichment also plays a crucial role in strengthening motor and cognitive function in both children and adults.
A NASA infrared image shows former Tropical Storm Harvey's remnants causing heavy rainfall and gusty winds in the Yucatan Peninsula. The remnants have a high chance of reforming into a tropical cyclone over the next two to five days.
A new approach uses a polymer sponge implanted in fat tissue to reduce weight gain and blood-sugar levels in obese mice. The treatment, which 'gets the fat to talk' again, shows promise as a simpler alternative to current diabetes treatments.
A new study finds that quaternary ammonium compounds (quats) inhibit mitochondria, the powerhouses of cells, and estrogenic functions. This raises concern about their impact on human health and potential reproductive harm.
A new blood test developed by TUM researchers can predict drug resistance in patients with advanced prostate cancer, analyzing AR-V7 RNA molecules for early detection. The test has shown high sensitivity and accuracy, identifying approximately one-fifth of patients with large amounts of resistant tumor cells.
Geologists at MIT found that ancient Earth's mantle was up to 200 degrees Celsius hotter, causing subducting plates to sink all the way to the bottom of the mantle. This led to a 'graveyard' of slabs atop the Earth's core, suggesting a significant change in how mantle convection and plate tectonic processes occurred.
Engineers at UC San Diego developed stretchable fuel cells that extract energy from sweat to power electronics. The biofuel cells generate 10 times more power per surface area than existing wearable biofuel cells.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found no correlation between thoracic kyphosis and physical function decline in those over 50. The study used CT scans to evaluate early signs of hyperkyphosis in a relatively young population, contradicting previous assumptions about its predictive value.
A new study from Penn researchers found a strong association between high moral reasoning and increased activity in the brain's reward system. This link suggests that positive motivations towards others play a crucial role in moral reasoning development, with higher levels of morality linked to more advanced principles and ethical rules.
Priyashree Roy has been awarded the 2016 Jefferson Science Associates Thesis Prize for her experimental research on proton excited states. Her thesis work produced new information useful to researchers, including 10 previously measured polarization observables.
Researchers at MIT CSAIL developed an interactive design system called Interactive Robogami that allows users to design and 3D-print custom robots in minutes. The system uses simulations, algorithms, and interactive feedback to ensure feasible designs and guarantee stability and speed.
A study by Stanford researchers found that a widely used mouse model of the human immune system is inadequate for studying stem cell transplants. The humanized mice, engineered to have a human-like immune system, failed to robustly reject genetically mismatched human stem cells, making them unsuitable for studying immunosuppressive drugs.
A sophisticated mechanism allows plant roots to quickly respond to changes in soil conditions via the interactions of two antagonistic hormones, auxin and cytokinin. Cells sense relative changes in auxin levels to determine their location within the root and trigger a switch from cell division to elongation.
A team of researchers has developed a novel type of memory called magnetoelectric memory, which reduces energy consumption by a factor of 10,000. This breakthrough technology could enable instant device startup and lower energy costs in computing hardware applications.
A study found associations between parental BMIs and offspring metabolic traits, but the link was not significantly stronger for maternal BMI, arguing against an intra-uterine mechanism. After accounting for offspring BMI, the data suggested that familial factors rather than intra-uterine overnutrition explain the relationship.
A team of scientists has identified all the genes required for Methylobacterium extorquens to live on methanol. The bacterium can use either larger carbon molecules or methanol from plants as a nutrient, depending on availability.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai and NeuroVision LLC have developed an experimental optical imaging system that detects retinal beta-amyloid, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The study found a 4.7-fold increase in retinal plaque burden in patients with Alzheimer's compared to controls.
A recent paper revisits an idea proposed by Chinese meteorologist Duzheng Yeh in 1959 about abrupt seasonal changes in the general circulation. The study's authors successfully reproduce these transitions without lower-boundary inhomogeneities, sparking questions about their underlying causes.
Scientists at IBS conceptualized an ideal material that could store data for an exceptionally long time, bringing new hints for future quantum memory technologies. The material has a special architecture of energy levels for its electrons, enabling exponentially longer storage than current devices.
Researchers at NYU Tandon have devised an application called IllusionPIN that uses a hybrid-image keyboard to make it difficult for observers to discern PINs or access codes. The technology was tested in simulated shoulder-surfing attacks, with no successful attempts made.
Researchers discover wild sheep bones in Black Desert excavation site, revealing a previously unknown population of the species in eastern Jordan. The finding suggests that the region was capable of supporting a variety of resources, including wild sheep, during the Late Pleistocene.
Researchers found an anti-sense RNA that regulates myelin genes and promotes demyelination after nerve injury. This discovery could lead to a new therapy by manipulating AS-RNA expression to restore complete nerve function.
The Oropouche virus is a serious public health risk for Brazil, spreading to major cities after being confined to villages in the Amazon. The virus causes acute fever and may lead to meningitis and meningoencephalitis.
A new longitudinal study suggests that high-quality friendships during adolescence can predict better mental health outcomes in young adulthood. Teens with stronger close friendships tend to experience lower social anxiety and increased self-worth, while those who are popular in high school may be more prone to social anxiety later on.
Researchers discovered that microgravity inhibits cartilage formation, while cyclic hydrostatic pressure increases cartilage production. This finding has significant implications for regenerating cartilage in space travelers and patients on prolonged bed rest or paralyzed due to trauma.
Hurricane Kenneth's strongest storms were pushed away from the center due to vertical wind shear, causing a rapid weakening of the hurricane. The National Hurricane Center expects Kenneth to weaken rapidly over the next day or two, potentially becoming post-tropical in 2-3 days.
Researchers developed self-powered, paper-based devices that detect biomarkers and identify diseases with high accuracy. The devices use electrochemical analyses powered by the user's touch and can be used in remote villages or military bases without requiring electricity or additional equipment.
Researchers found progressive differences between the brains of athletes in non-contact, contact, and collision sports, including reduced communication between brain areas. The study suggests that participation in contact sports may affect the brain, but does not reflect significantly impaired day-to-day functioning.
A team of researchers found a 176% increase in aboveground biomass within the 3-hectare area studied, with the orange peels enriching the soil's nutrients and promoting tree growth. The study demonstrates the unique power of agricultural waste to regenerate forests and sequester carbon at no cost.
The UMass Amherst researcher will lead a multi-university project to design artificial autonomous systems with potential applications in personalized medicine and other areas. The goal is to mimic nature's mechanisms for autonomous responses, enabling new innovations and capabilities.
A recent study published in NeuroImage found that adolescents at risk for obesity have reduced neural activity in attention and self-regulation circuits. The researchers used fMRI to investigate the relationship between neurological activity and risk for obesity, suggesting that interventions targeting self-regulatory systems may be a ...
Researchers discovered four major outburst floods at Lake Catalina, releasing up to 240 Hiroshima-bombs' worth of energy. The next flood is predicted to occur soon, possibly in 2018-19, with scientists attributing the increase to global warming and glacier melt.
A new study published in JAMA found that oral steroids do not reduce the duration or severity of symptoms in non-asthmatic adults with acute chest infections. Researchers compared 398 participants who received prednisolone for five days to those receiving a placebo, and found no significant difference in symptom improvement.
A new study published in PLOS Biology reveals that different firing patterns of neurons alter proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursors, which provide insulation to neuronal axons. The findings suggest a complex interplay between neurons and non-neuronal cells supporting them.