A study by Oregon State University found that gun owners are more likely to engage in gun safety behaviors when given culturally tailored suicide prevention messages. The research suggests that messaging should respect the values and rights of gun owners, rather than using language that may inadvertently promote anti-firearm bias. Cult...
In Scotland, tobacco companies are using financial incentives to encourage retailers to prioritize their brands and maintain point-of-sale displays despite the ban. Researchers found that 17 out of 24 small independent retailers reported receiving assistance from tobacco companies to adapt their ganties before the ban took effect.
A study by Cornell University researchers found that prolonged bisphosphonate use can alter the composition of bone, making it more brittle and susceptible to fractures. The study suggests that long-term treatment beyond FDA recommendations may increase the risk of atypical femoral fractures.
A new study reveals that methane-eating microbes in Antarctica's subglacial Whillans Lake can consume nearly all released methane, potentially reducing its impact on the atmosphere. This process could have significant climatic implications and may play a critical role in mitigating the effects of melting Antarctic ice sheets.
A new study found that Oregon's CCO model significantly improves the timeliness of prenatal care for pregnant women on Medicaid. The study reveals that more women began prenatal care in the first trimester, particularly among white and Asian women and those in urban areas.
A study by psychologists at the University of Kent found that people's confidence in their intuitions does not necessarily reflect their actual ability to perform well in tasks that require intuitive thinking. Despite claiming to be intuitive, participants did not exhibit superior performance or grasp of underlying rules.
Aarhus University researchers and industrial companies publish results and data on innovative Open Science platform, making basic research relevant to industries accessible. The platform breaks barriers and provides risk-free zone for companies to try out ideas, acquire latest university research and create unique products.
Recent reports on gymnosperms' slow photosynthetic use of sunflecks prompted a call for cycad species study. Experimental protocols should be defined from natural habitats to accurately represent species behavior.
Scientists at Osaka University and Italian researchers have created freestanding nanowires that can convert small levels of electrical power into mechanical oscillations at high frequencies. The design achieves unprecedented low power consumption, making it a significant step towards energy-efficient technologies.
Researchers observe nanocrystals forming superlattices in seconds, enabling fine-tuning of precision materials. The discovery will help create novel materials for magnetic storage, solar cells, optoelectronics, and catalysts.
New research reveals that Arctic sea ice loss can play an active role in altering the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), a major water circulation system. The study found that a 30-50% loss of AMOC strength due to Arctic sea ice loss could accelerate its collapse.
Researchers studying aardvarks in South Africa's Kalahari Desert found that the animals are highly susceptible to warmer and drier climates, leading to severe droughts and high mortality rates. The decline of aardvarks could have indirect consequences for other animals relying on their burrows.
A new study suggests that glaciers may have played a role in releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, potentially warming the planet. The research found that glacial weathering increased the rate of carbon dioxide release, with oscillating glaciers changing atmospheric levels by up to 25 parts per million over 10,000 years.
A global study concludes that building dikes to reduce flood damage yields economic benefits, outweighing initial costs. The researchers found that some regions can even avoid higher flood damages by 2080 with effective investment in flood protection measures.
A mouse model of autism shows that social environment influences behaviors characteristic of ASD. Housing genetically modified mice with unmodified littermates alters their behavior, highlighting the impact of social hierarchy on ASD-like traits.
The article highlights significant 'unknowns' about trophy hunting's contribution to lion conservation, including the causes of lion mortality and the extent to which hunting affects land use. Innovative funding methods are needed to reverse species loss due to the income shortfall from hunting compared to other forms of tourism.
Research by Drexel University reveals that pregnant women diagnosed with HIV are twice as likely to suffer domestic violence compared to those without an HIV diagnosis. The study suggests targeted interventions for women at risk of domestic violence, including those already experiencing it.
Researchers developed a new non-toxic contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), surpassing gadolinium's limitations. The agent, PEG-IONCs, demonstrated high biocompatibility in rabbits, beagle dogs, and macaque monkeys, showing promise as a next-generation diagnostic tool.
Researchers have produced single-photon emitters at room temperature using carbon nanotubes, enabling optically-based quantum information processing. The emitters can be tuned to telecommunications wavelengths, making them suitable for ultrasensitive sensing, metrology, and imaging applications.
Researchers found a split between same words used by presidential candidates from different parties and what they mean, with semantic divide growing over time. This semantic shift can make dialogue difficult, if not impossible.
A new study predicts that shrinking the Gulf of Mexico dead zone will require a 59% reduction in nitrogen runoff, primarily through changes to agricultural practices. The study suggests that bold new approaches are needed to achieve this goal and meet the longstanding objective of reducing the dead zone by two-thirds.
A study found that heavier Asian Americans are viewed as more American and subject to less prejudice compared to their thinner peers. Researchers believe this phenomenon is linked to common stereotypes about Asians being thin and Americans being heavy.
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that genetic testing is effective in diagnosing epilepsy in 40% of patients and 25% of those with unknown causes. Genetic sequencing tests have a higher diagnostic yield than chromosome microarray, allowing for more precise treatment options.
A new study found that citizen science volunteers are mainly motivated by a desire to learn and enhance their scientific knowledge. The research, led by the University of Portsmouth, surveyed 2000 online volunteers and discovered that this motivation was the number one driver for participation.
Researchers discovered that innate immune system's DNA-sensing mechanism controls cellular senescence, promoting the secretion of inflammation-mediating proteins. This process plays a role in various contexts of senescence, including oxidative stress, oncogene signaling, and irradiation.
A team of scientists from Drexel University has discovered a dinosaur-era plant, Lychnothamnus barbatus, alive in North America for the first time. The species was previously thought to be extinct and is now found in lakes across Wisconsin and Minnesota.
A global framework study shows that new dikes can effectively address flood risk, with benefits outweighing costs. The research provides critical information for policymakers, identifying regions where efficient investment in flood protection is needed.
Researchers found that early exercise can alter the way bones metabolize energy from food, reducing inflammation-linked genes. This 'bone memory' effect persists into mid-life, setting up a healthier response to high-fat diets.
Researchers have discovered pollen evidence of Chrysocoma ciliata dating back 4,000 years, suggesting it may not be an invasive species. The plant's ability to thrive under drought conditions and colonize degraded landscapes has led some to question its status as an invasive species.
Researchers discovered how DNA damage cues immune cells to arrive at cancer cells, leading to increased tumor response. Inhibiting cell division can prevent micronuclei formation and reduce immune responses to cancer cells.
A new statistical method for network anomaly detection uses machine learning to identify unusual behavior, potentially providing a more robust approach to cybersecurity. The model has been developed by researchers at the University of Oxford and is being presented at the 2017 Joint Statistical Meetings.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified biomarkers associated with chronic fatigue syndrome severity by analyzing 17 immune-system signaling proteins. These findings suggest that inflammation is a powerful driver of the disease and may lead to improved diagnosis and treatment options.
Researchers found that internet search volumes for suicide increased by 19% after the series release, with 17 of 20 common queries showing higher-than-expected increases. Searches focused on suicidal ideation, such as 'how to commit suicide,' were particularly concerning.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia have developed a breakthrough algorithm called DeepLoco that enables computer characters to learn complex motor skills like walking and running through trial and error. The system uses deep reinforcement learning to allow characters to respond to their environment without hand-coding st...
A new University of Washington study using statistical tools shows only a 5 percent chance that Earth will warm 2 degrees or less by the end of this century. The study suggests major, sustained effort on all fronts over the next 80 years is needed to achieve the goal of limiting warming to 2 degrees.
Researchers found that two more degrees of warming are already committed to by past emissions, regardless of current efforts. Even if all fossil fuel emissions stopped, warming would still reach about 2.3 degrees Fahrenheit by 2100.
Researchers have deciphered the mechanism of general anesthesia using statistical analysis, revealing oscillations that disrupt brain communication. The discovery enables real-time brain state monitoring and may lead to new recovery methods for elderly patients experiencing cognitive dysfunction after anesthesia.
A recent study by Exeter and Cambridge universities found that individual wild birds adjust their nest choices based on their specific markings. These adjustments enhance the birds' camouflage in relation to their predators, highlighting the link between behavior and appearance.
Tropical Storm Emily formed in the Gulf of Mexico on July 30, with NASA's AIRS instrument capturing high cloud top temperatures indicating potential for heavy rainfall. The storm made landfall in Florida on July 31, bringing maximum sustained winds of 45 mph and forecasted to weaken into a tropical depression.
A study published in JAMA Neurology found that individuals born in high stroke mortality states have a higher risk of developing dementia. Black participants had the highest risk, with cumulative 20-year dementia risks at age 65 being 30.13% compared to 21.8% for those not born in high stroke mortality states.
Typhoon Noru showed extremely cold cloud top temperatures as low as -117.7 degrees Celsius in its eye, indicating potential for heavy rain generation. The storm was located near Iwo To Island, Japan, with maximum sustained winds of 143.8 mph and moving to the northwest.
A genetic study identified neuronal circuits responsible for mouse pups' ultrasonic calls, which summon their mothers. These findings may shed light on the development and manifestation of speech disorders in humans.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health highlights the dangers of vaginal bleeding taboos in low-income countries, where limited access to clean water and sanitation exacerbates the issue. The researchers emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach addressing vaginal bleeding across the life course.
A new system called Computational Zoom enables photographers to compose images post-capture by controlling object positions and sizes. This allows for novel image compositions, including automatically combining wide-angle and telephoto perspectives into a single multi-perspective image.
HIV hides in more types of bone marrow cells than previously thought, including hematopoietic progenitor cells that can pass the virus's genetic material to daughter cells. This discovery expands understanding of the type of cells that harbor functional HIV and could aid the search for new drugs to clear it entirely.
A new technique called CITE-seq enables simultaneous measurement of transcriptomes and proteins on thousands of single cells, offering a major breakthrough in cell typing and disease research. The tool has the potential to characterize tumor heterogeneity and develop new immunotherapeutic approaches.
A new study by the American College of Surgeons found that mental health visits increase in the three months prior to a burn injury, suggesting an opportunity for intervention. The study also revealed that burn-injury patients experience significantly increased rates of self-harm after their injuries.
Researchers developed a new type of sweat test that can overcome the challenge of ambiguous results in current tests. The test identifies alternative molecules found in sweat associated with CF, providing staging and prognostic information.
Dr. Sang-Moo Kang's project aims to improve the efficacy and extent of cross protection against new influenza virus strains by incorporating M2e epitopes into HA molecules. The research will test novel approaches to boost cross protective properties of licensed seasonal influenza vaccines, with results expected to impact public health.
A $90 billion global problem in the oil industry may be solved by reducing environmental harm through a new process called biosouring. Researchers are developing a technology called GeoBioCell to track interactions between water, rock, microbes, and oil in controlled environments.
A new educational initiative at Touro University College of Osteopathic Medicine has significantly reduced medical students' negative attitudes toward people with obesity. The program emphasizes the complexities of obesity and focuses on attaining health instead of weight loss, leading to improved patient outcomes.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have discovered a unique thermoelectric material, cesium tin iodide, that can block most heat transfer while preserving high electrical conductivity. This rare pairing has potential applications in electronic cooling, turbine engines, and other fields.
A study by James Muirhead and colleagues suggests that the formation of intrusive igneous rock sills triggered the End-Permian Mass Extinction. The team found that extreme heat from sill emplacement exposed sediments to contact metamorphism, liberating massive greenhouse gas volumes that drove extinction.
A University of Stirling study found that tobacco companies are offering retailers cash bonuses and other rewards to promote their brands in Scotland. The researchers discovered that retailers were being incentivized to boost sales of tobacco products despite the ban on open displays.
A new review examines the role of various stem cells in corneal wound healing, highlighting similarities and differences in the process. Stem cell transplantation may fine-tune wound healing and provide benefits for patients.
Researchers found elevated sulfur acidification in glacial samples due to oxidized pyrite, leading to CO2 release into the atmosphere. This process may play a role in regulating Earth's climate over long cycles.
A recently conducted study revealed that the cured-in-place pipe repair (CIPP) method can emit hazardous chemicals into the air, posing potential health hazards to workers and the public. The research found a complex mixture of organic vapor, water vapor, and liquid droplets of water, which can cause short- and long-term health impacts.
Research in sheep model reveals babies born to overweight, obese mothers have less mature lungs, producing less surfactant and fewer cells that make it. This can lead to lung problems at birth and later during infancy and childhood.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory scientists have developed a technique to efficiently extract hydrogen from water using electricity. The new catalysts enable high-performance water splitting with minimal catalyst loading, making it scalable and cost-effective.
A computer model suggests that Proxima b's atmosphere could be lost 10,000 times faster than Earth's due to extreme ultraviolet radiation from its host star. The study considers factors like thermosphere temperature and magnetic field orientation to understand the impact of stellar physics on habitability.