The new TRI Analyzer can perform lab-grade medical diagnostic tests on patient blood, urine, or saliva samples as reliably as clinic-based instruments. The device, costing $550, analyzes samples using the power of a smartphone's camera and illuminates sample fluids with an internal LED flash or external laser diode.
Researchers demonstrate method for multiplexing data carried on terahertz waves, transmitting two real-time video signals at an aggregate data rate of 50 gigabits per second. The terahertz multiplexer uses a waveguide with metal plates to separate data streams based on frequency and angle.
A new version of the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technique has been developed to correct molecular mistakes that lead to microsatellite repeat expansion diseases. The approach eliminated 95% or more of RNA foci linked to myotonic dystrophy and other diseases in laboratory models and patient-derived cells.
Simulations show that a temperature gradient can displace nanoparticles on graphene membranes, with the force acting like a ballistic wave. Researchers discovered a new phenomenon called thermophoresis ballistic, where vertical thermal oscillations push objects horizontally.
A new study suggests that auditory hallucinations may arise from top-down brain processing, driven by strong associations between sensory inputs and mental concepts. Participants who experienced hallucinations showed strong beliefs about the association, which drove their tone hallucinations.
Researchers found that bullying can cause significant changes in sleep patterns, including increased bouts of paradoxical sleep and flattened body temperature fluctuations. These effects persisted even after the mice were removed from the threatening environment, suggesting a long-term impact on mental health.
Researchers have developed a new way to map differences in brain cells by analyzing chemical modifications in their DNA. The study identified 16 subtypes of neurons in mice and 21 in humans, offering new insights into the diversity of brain cell types and potential for understanding brain development and dysfunction.
Researchers found that seasnakes living in polluted areas have darker skin, which helps them bind and rid their bodies of contaminants. This is an example of industrial melanism, where dark-colored varieties thrive in industrial environments.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have made a groundbreaking discovery in the search for energy-efficient information storage. By controlling the chirality of magnetic domain walls using an electric field, they have opened up new possibilities for non-volatile information processing and storage technology.
Researchers have found a way to make plants resistant to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae oryzae that causes rice blight. The team discovered that blocking the pathogen's access to sugar stores in plants can starve them out, preventing multiplication.
Scientists have identified new subtypes of brain cells in mice and humans using DNA analysis, revealing a complex diversity of neurons. This breakthrough opens the door to understanding how many types of neurons exist, which could lead to improved treatments for brain-related diseases.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University developed a method for computers to mine databases of patents, inventions, and research papers to identify ideas that can be repurposed. This approach uses crowdsourcing and deep learning to analyze product descriptions and find analogous products, leading to innovative solutions.
A breakthrough method has yielded a trove of neuronal subtypes and gene regulators in the brain, using molecular profiling to detect epigenetic regulation. This discovery opens the door to potentially discovering changes linked to brain disorders and compiling the brain's 'parts list'.
A new approach to assess renal function in term newborns with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy identifies early stages of AKI. Approximately 69% of infants did not develop kidney failure, while 19% showed a slower serum creatinine decline rate matching those with established AKI.
Researchers genetically engineered ants to lack their sense of smell, finding they couldn't communicate, forage or compete for queen status. This discovery promises to advance understanding of social communication and its relation to human disorders like autism and depression.
A 3,000-year-old female statue was discovered at the Tayinat archaeological site in Turkey, measuring over 1 meter long and 0.7 meters wide. The statue features intricate carvings and is believed to represent a prominent matriarchal figure, possibly Kubaba or Kupapiyas, wife of King Suppiluliuma.
Researchers developed a test that detects Zika virus presence in blood in minutes, using gold nanorods on paper. The test relies on an immune response caused by the virus and doesn't require refrigeration, making it suitable for resource-limited settings.
Researchers found that aged stem cells reprogram their circadian functions to focus on tissue repair and stress response, rather than maintenance. A low-calorie diet also preserves the rhythmic functions of stem cells.
A new nanocoating technique developed by KAIST researchers uses plant-derived polyphenol to extend the shelf life of produce. The sprayable nanocoating process has been shown to significantly prolong postharvest shelf life, preserving freshness beyond 28 days and 58 hours for certain fruits.
A recent study found that belief in neuromyths, such as seeing letters backwards being a sign of dyslexia, is prevalent among educators, the public, and those with neuroscience training. Training in education and neuroscience helps reduce these false beliefs.
Lung cancer clinical trials have complex requirements that act as a barrier to development and patient enrollment. A retrospective study found an increase in eligibility criteria for medical therapy trials, particularly for cardiac, concurrent medications, and immunotherapy-related treatments.
Researchers found that piling sounds stress sea bass, causing them to fail to react to predators while drilling sounds cause them to actively avoid areas with these noises. This exposure can also impair their ability to detect food and has potential effects on reproduction.
Korean researchers have identified the early neuropathic mechanism of polyglutamine brain disease and suggested a way to restore. Dendritic-specific Golgi plays a core role in the early neuropathy of degenerative brain diseases.
Studies of microbe DNA structure reveal surprising similarities to human DNA folding, suggesting an early common ancestor. The discovery hints at the evolutionary origins of genome folding in eukaryotes.
Researchers created a human stem cell-based model of Aicardi-Goutieres Syndrome to identify underlying genetic mechanisms and test existing drugs. Two FDA-approved HIV antiretroviral drugs showed promise in rescuing mutated cells, offering hope for future clinical trials.
A study using ancient DNA from domesticated turkeys found that many Ancestral Pueblo people migrated to the Northern Rio Grande region after Mesa Verde's collapse. The genetic composition of northern Rio Grande turkeys changed substantially before and after the migration, suggesting the people took their turkeys with them.
A clinical trial shows promise for treating Niemann-Pick type C by slowing disease progression with cyclodextrin. The study found significant improvements in gait, cognition, and speech, with half of patients experiencing no worsening or improvement in neurological severity score.
NASA analyzed data from Tropical Storm Franklin before it made landfall in east-central Mexico, revealing intense storms with tops reaching heights of over 9.4 miles. The analysis showed heavy rainfall rates of over 2.4 inches per hour in bands around the storm's southwestern side.
Researchers discovered two previously unknown brain areas involved in face recognition, which integrate visual perception with memory and social knowledge. The brain's response to familiar faces is distinct from visually familiar ones, with a sudden 'aha' moment when recognizing a long-known acquaintance.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis found that controlling car ventilation can significantly reduce pollutant exposure during commutes. Using portable instruments and sensors, they measured pollutant levels inside and outside cars during daily commutes, finding that running the AC reduced pollutants by 20-34%.
A new study reveals that regulatory T cells can either suppress or reactivate latent cytomegalovirus in different mouse tissues, such as the spleen and salivary gland. Depletion of these immune cells reduced viral load in the spleen but increased it in the salivary gland.
Researchers at Rockefeller University created genetically altered ants to explore the evolutionary roots of ant social behavior. The study found that a gene essential for sensing pheromones is crucial for pheromone detection and social organization, leading to behavioral abnormalities in mutant ants.
After stem cell therapy, tests like SPEP/SIFE and SFLCA may yield oligoclonal patterns that resemble the original monoclonal antibody spike. However, this is a normal response to treatment, not recurrence of the disease. The key clarifier lies in tracking the location of the malignant spike before and after treatment.
A new study suggests that human-caused warming is very likely responsible for the recent streak of record-breaking temperatures. The likelihood of experiencing consecutive record-breaking global temperatures from 2014 to 2016 without the effects of human-caused climate change is no greater than 0.03 percent.
Researchers found security gaps in open-source DNA processing programs, allowing unauthorized access to computer systems and potentially manipulated DNA results. They recommend strengthening computer security and privacy protections through best practices, adversarial thinking, and monitoring.
A study found that San Salvador pupfish acquired genetic variation from island fish, contributing to the evolution of specialized diets. The research identified 11 gene variants in the San Salvador fish genome that came from other Caribbean pupfish populations.
A rare genetic mutation in the POL III sensor can turn chickenpox into a life-threatening infection, leading to brain inflammation and pneumonia. Individuals with this mutation have an increased risk of developing severe illness.
A University of Oklahoma biology professor has been awarded a $1.2 million National Science Foundation grant to investigate the impact of climate on terrestrial arthropod communities. The project aims to generate standardized field data on ground-dwelling arthropods, which are abundant and diverse animal groups.
A new study by University of Arizona sociology doctoral student Morgan Johnstonbaugh found that US lawmakers' tweets are more closely tied to their political party affiliation than their gender. Contrary to expectations, women did not tweet significantly more about stereotypically female issues and men did not tweet more about male-ste...
Researchers used CRISPR to manipulate ant eggs, resulting in germline changes that affect every cell in the adult colony. The study found that knocking out the orco gene affected olfaction, social behavior, and brain anatomy, providing insights into gene regulation and its impact on complex biological systems.
The study found that individuals with kidney disease have a higher risk of developing atrial fibrillation. The risk increased step-wise with decreasing kidney function, and the link held even after accounting for other factors such as cardiovascular health.
New research at Oregon State University found that bacteria prioritize their own fitness when nutrients are limited, but not when iron, phosphorus, and sulfur are abundant. This study provides insights into the evolution of cooperation in microbes and has implications for understanding natural populations.
Researchers create complete map of fruit fly larva brain's learning center, a crucial step towards understanding animal brains. The project could guide scientists in charting connections among neurons in mammals' brains.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys and Mayo Clinic have been awarded a three-year NIH grant to identify molecules that could become new medicines to inhibit myocardial fibrosis, a major cause of heart failure. The collaboration aims to accelerate the development of novel approaches to fight disease.
Biologists in Konstanz have identified a crucial step in the labelling and transportation process of proteins in plant cells. The SH3P2 protein plays a key role in binding to ubiquitin molecules, marking them for transport to the vacuole.
Scientists will use automated communication signals to probe the ionosphere's behavior during the Aug. 21 eclipse, providing insights into mechanisms underlying ionospheric changes. The study will help improve understanding of the Sun's impact on Earth's atmosphere and navigation signal interference.
Researchers found that taboo words provoke strong physiological responses, but context and individual offense likelihood mediate these effects. Context plays a crucial role in shaping attention levels and memory recall.
Researchers found that over 90% of USB-connected devices leak information to external devices when plugged into the same hub. This 'channel-to-channel crosstalk leakage' allows malicious devices to capture keystrokes and private info.
Most messaging app users neglect security options, exposing themselves to fraud and hacking. Authentication ceremonies are often overlooked despite encrypting messages by default.
A study by CSIC and London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine found that higher temperatures increase health risks, but sensitivity varies by region. The study suggests adapting to excessive heat and developing migration strategies as climate change projections increase temperatures.
A study published in Science reveals that archaeal DNA folding is identical to the process found in more complex organisms, suggesting an early prototype for the eukaryotic nucleosome. This discovery sheds light on the evolutionary origins of genome folding and raises questions about the common ancestor of life.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital developed a novel system using ultrasound to trigger the release of nerve-blocking agents, providing on-demand pain relief. The system, using ultrasound-triggered liposomes, has potential for replacing addictive opioids and short-lasting local anesthetics.
Ryohei Yasuda, Scientific Director of MPFI, received the 2017 Nakaakira Tsukahara Memorial Prize for his groundbreaking work on synaptic plasticity. His research focuses on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying neural circuit function and memory formation.
A team of researchers at FAU has identified a key mechanism involved in the resolution of inflammations in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Innate lymphoid cells can induce a 'hibernation' state, which persists in those with rheumatism but is reversed when these cells are 'woken up', stopping inflammation and joint damage.
A new study published in Arthritis Care & Research found that male workers in the manufacturing sector have a higher risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis than those in other sectors. Women working in certain occupations, such as assistant nurses and attendants, also showed a slightly increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis.
Researchers studied health effects of job transition on employed vs unemployed adults, finding that poor quality work was linked to higher chronic stress biomarkers and worse physical health. Good quality work, however, was associated with improved mental health scores.
Future medications can be scaled up using electrochemistry, creating vicinal diamines without toxic waste. This process employs Earth-abundant manganese, offering a more sustainable alternative to traditional chemical synthesis methods.
A study by Abbott found that a nutrition care program reduced 30-day readmission rates by 27% and average hospital stay by nearly two days. This resulted in cost savings of up to $3,800 per patient due to shorter hospital stays and lower readmissions.
A study of 43 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma found two preoperative factors strongly predictive of poor prognosis, regardless of tumor stage. These biomarkers, C-reactive protein/albumin ratio and prognostic nutritional index, may help plan treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed a new measurement for the volume and activity of beta cells, which are responsible for producing insulin. The new test uses PET scanning to detect minute levels of a radioactive chemical in the mouse pancreas, providing a more accurate assessment of insulin production.