Experts argue against the linear no-threshold hypothesis, citing evidence of adaptive responses that repair mutations or remove damaged cells. The authors suggest that diagnostic quality and accurate information are more important than erring on the side of caution in reducing radiation exposure.
A new study by Mayo Clinic researchers found that women who experienced physical, emotional, or sexual abuse are 62% more likely to have their ovaries removed before age 46. The study suggests that gynecological symptoms such as abdominal pain or excessive bleeding may lead to unnecessary and harmful surgeries.
A new study published in NEJM suggests a modest increased risk of cardiac defects with lithium use during the first trimester, approximately two cases per 100 live births. The dose-dependent association found supports a more nuanced understanding of lithium's effects on fetal development.
The Republic of Indonesia has published Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) data on Global Fishing Watch, revealing commercial fishing locations and activities. This step towards increased transparency aims to combat illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing and support more informed management decisions.
Researchers at Walter and Eliza Hall Institute have found a new way to use immunotherapy to treat triple negative breast cancers arising in women with BRCA1 mutations. The combination of two immunotherapy drugs effectively controls tumour growth and improves survival rates in laboratory models.
A new mathematical framework developed by Tatyana Sharpee and colleagues provides a theoretical understanding of how different cell types divide work among themselves. This framework could help explain greater efficiency and reliability in cell function, as well as the impact of disease when division of labor is not effective.
Despite nationwide improvements in cardiovascular risk factors, US adults at or below poverty levels showed little change in blood pressure, smoking rates, and predicted cardiovascular risk between 1999 and 2014. The study highlights the need to address income disparities in cardiovascular disease prevention.
Capuchin monkeys adopt most efficient technique for opening fruit quickly through social learning and individual experience. Older monkeys rely on their own experience, while younger ones pay more attention to watching others.
Researchers have developed biodegradable cellulose microbeads that can replace harmful plastic ones contributing to ocean pollution. The beads are made from cellulose, a renewable source, and break down into harmless sugars, reducing the risk of harming marine life.
Scientists have successfully observed a white dwarf star using the bending of distant starlight by gravity, allowing them to determine its mass for the first time. This observation demonstrates a way to measure the masses of objects that cannot be easily measured by other means.
Researchers developed an inexpensive acoustic listening system to monitor bees in flight, allowing farmers to track pollination and increase food production. The technology, published in PLOS ONE, could also engage global 'citizen scientists' in monitoring bee activity in their backyards.
Researchers at the University of the Basque Country have developed a new suite of molecular wires or nanowires with high efficiency, enabling miniaturization of electronic circuits. These nanowires are crucial for reducing the size of electronic components and improving their performance.
Researchers at WMG University of Warwick used CT scanning technology to reveal five previously unseen teeth in the Megalosaurus jawbone, challenging previous restoration work. The scans also showed the extent of repairs, suggesting at least two phases of repair using different types of plaster.
A new study reveals that men with sleep apnoea and insomnia have a higher prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms than those with either condition alone. The study found that 43% of men with both conditions had depression, compared to 22% with insomnia alone and 8% with sleep apnoea alone.
Researchers developed 'iExosomes' that target mutant KRAS, a common mutation in pancreatic cancer, to deliver RNAi and suppress tumor growth. The therapy approach was more efficient than traditional methods, offering new hope for treating this aggressive form of cancer.
The Listening Project initiative aims to increase instructors' awareness of implicit bias and support efforts to elicit scientific thought in all students. The program, led by Roger Tobin and David Hammer, seeks to broaden participation and cultivate talents among undergraduate students from diverse backgrounds.
A new study found that most rape victims experience tonic immobility, a state of involuntary paralysis, during the assault. This condition is associated with an increased risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and severe depression.
A new study of 1007 adult Israelis found that being female, having lower socio-economic status, and elevated PTSD symptoms are related to ISIS anxiety. Exposure to ISIS in the media and low resilience also linked to increased anxiety levels.
Researchers from Rutgers University and international collaborators introduce the SYMPHY framework, which classifies life based on symbiotic relationships. This new approach could lead to breakthroughs in environmental issues, sustainable agriculture, and human health.
A study by the University of Adelaide found that wine label descriptions alter consumer emotions, increase wine liking, and encourage higher prices. Elaborate descriptions evoke more positive emotions, improving quality perception and willingness to pay.
Researchers discovered that a small group of hypothalamus neurons, called POMC, modulate the amount of insulin produced by the pancreas. The study reveals new molecular mechanisms involved in this connection and highlights the importance of mitochondrial dynamics in glucose sensing and insulin release control.
A new article from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health suggests that the recent U.S. presidential election could lead to negative health impacts, particularly among marginalized groups. The study found a link between hostile attitudes towards racial and ethnic minorities and increased risk of disease and premature death.
A team of researchers from the University of Idaho challenges a 2016 study that suggested eastern and red wolves are not distinct species but rather recent hybrids. The new review argues that the data do not definitively prove recent hybridization, instead supporting the genetic and evolutionary distinctiveness of red and eastern wolves.
A new study found that many US secondary school science teachers possess several climate change misconceptions, similar to the general public. The survey of 220 teachers in Florida and Puerto Rico revealed notable errors regarding greenhouse gas emissions and scientific experiments.
Researchers at KAUST have overturned the long-held assumption that DNA molecules move randomly by analyzing their motion using a probabilistic approach. They found that DNA molecules exhibit nonrandom motion with varied speed and molecular 'track', precisely conserving Brownian linear MSD characteristics.
A mutated version of the OBSCN gene may lead to irregular heartbeat and a weakened heart, especially when combined with stress. The study found that this mutation affects protein regulation in heart muscle cells, leading to inefficient heart function.
A new study in Geophysical Research Letters reveals that offshore wind turbines built according to current standards may not withstand powerful Category 5 hurricane gusts. In contrast, Thwaites Glacier's melt rate will continue but not as rapidly as previously estimated.
A new optically tunable capacitor has been developed by Israeli researchers, featuring embedded metal nanoparticles. The capacitor's capacitance is tunable by illumination and exhibits a strong frequency dispersion, allowing for high degree of tunability.
A study published in Molecular Cancer Research reveals that a histone mutation turns off the tumor suppressor gene p16 in up to 70% of childhood brain tumors called diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG). Restoring p16 using a drug approved for adult leukemia treatment slows down tumor growth.
The current National Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement have critical consequences for achieving the goal of keeping warming well below 2°C. The study finds that these pledges leave out key details, leading to a range of emissions outcomes with varying degrees of uncertainty.
Researchers developed a silicon photonic device that can exploit the scattering of light by mechanical vibrations, called Brillouin scattering. The device uses two silicon microdisks with tiny cavities, enabling light and mechanical waves to interact at high frequencies.
Researchers developed new tools to infer context-specific regulatory networks from paired expression and chromatin accessibility data. This approach recovers significant information on binding locations and chromatin states, enabling accurate inferences for gene regulatory relationships.
A pilot study found that digital game-based education improved Turkish language proficiency, executive functions, coding skills, and reduced hopelessness among Syrian refugee children. The Project Hope intervention used a combination of five games, including Minecraft and Code.org, resulting in significant improvements in these areas.
A research team from IDIBELL has characterized the complete epigenomes of the most frequent tumors, including those of colon, lung and breast cancer. The study reveals that anti-cancer genes slow down their activity in cancer-affected organs, but also identifies alterations in distant chromosomal regions.
Researchers at Tulane University have identified a possible explanation for the rapid spread of the Ebola virus, pinpointing a small protein as the culprit. The delta peptide, produced in large amounts during infection, damages host cells and may contribute to severe gastrointestinal symptoms, leading to high mortality rates.
A new study reveals a third species of flying squirrel in North America, known as Humboldt's flying squirrel. The species was previously unknown and inhabits the Pacific Coast region from southern British Columbia to southern California.
Researchers found turbulence caused by colliding galaxy clusters creates hot gas between them, about three times hotter than the sun's core. The team used NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and radio astronomy facility to study the phenomenon.
New research from Oregon State University found that the odds of a child enrolling in eligible services are significantly higher when the lead agency is health-focused. The study suggests that primary care physicians and health agencies play an important role in identifying children who could benefit from early intervention services.
The TSRI anti-heroin vaccine has been shown to neutralize heroin and its psychoactive products, blocking them from reaching the brain to cause a feeling of euphoria. Researchers believe this could help eliminate motivation for relapse in recovering addicts.
Researchers discovered that fruit flies carrying Wolbachia bacteria are better equipped to fight off other infections when infected orally rather than via injection. The study also found that male flies experience greater disease protection with Wolbachia than females, highlighting potential differences in immune response between sexes.
Researchers have successfully transmitted quantum key distribution signals from a ground transmitter to a moving aircraft, paving the way for global-scale quantum communication. The system achieved secure keys up to 868 kb in length and demonstrated viability of satellite-based quantum communications.
Researchers have developed a synthetic hackmanite material that produces broad spectrum white light similar to sunlight, with low production costs and non-toxic elements. The material has persistent luminescence, suitable for use in lamps, exit signs, and diagnostic applications.
Researchers at MDI Biological Laboratory studied various parameters of health in C. elegans to develop an empirical definition of old age and predict healthy lifespan. They found movement speed as a key marker for assessing the effect of anti-aging interventions.
Scientists have applied iPANDA, a novel approach for analyzing high-throughput transcriptomic datasets, to identify the earliest signaling harbingers of malignant transition in OSCC. The study reveals that dysregulation of these signaling networks occurs even before precancerous cells invade and acquire malignant potential.
A recent FAU study found that focusing on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) strategies can reduce a firm's overall performance and investment efficiency. This is because CSR initiatives often divert resources away from core business practices, leading to losses for shareholders. The study suggests that CEOs should prioritize findin...
Researchers have identified energy metabolism adaptations in soft-shelled turtles that enabled them to lose their hard shells and explore aquatic environments. These adaptations were found in mitochondrial DNA-encoded proteins associated with aerobic respiration and are linked to the evolution of soft-shells in three turtle lineages.
A devastating combination of El Niño and global warming led to extreme temperatures in April 2016 in Southeast Asia, breaking all previous records. Long-term warming has played an increasing role in rising April temperatures, exacerbating energy consumption, crop production disruptions, and human discomfort.
The Warren Alpert Foundation Prize recognizes scientists who elucidated fundamental mechanisms in cancer's ability to evade immune surveillance. The five honorees' work led to the development of effective immune therapies for several types of cancer, turning the tide in the global fight against cancer.
A clinical trial found that HIRREM closed-loop neurotechnology significantly reduced insomnia symptoms, with improvements in heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity compared to a placebo intervention. The study showed that HIRREM is more effective than placebo at reducing insomnia symptoms.
A recent study found that different people react differently to white and whole wheat bread, with half responding better to processed flour and the other half to sourdough. The researchers developed an algorithm to predict individual responses, pointing towards a new paradigm in nutrition based on personal microbiomes.
A recent genetic study has challenged long-held assumptions about the relationship between extinct and living elephant species. The research found that a species of giant elephant, Palaeoloxodon antiquus, is more closely related to African forest elephants than previously thought.
The ICARUS detector, measuring 18 meters long and weighing 120 tons, will travel across the Atlantic Ocean from CERN to Fermilab in preparation for its new mission at the U.S. Department of Energy's facility. Once installed, it will search for 'sterile' neutrinos using liquid-argon time projection technology.
A new study published in PeerJ introduces modern techniques to understand the landmark site's history, revealing that dinosaur bones were introduced to the deposit after death. The research suggests a combination of drought periods and flood events led to the accumulation of Allosaurus fossils, with environmental factors contributing t...
Researchers discovered that cancer cells sense their environment's stiffness, slowing down movement with specific drug combinations. This finding has potential for regenerative medicine applications, such as improving adult stem cell therapy.
A new study explores how spouses influence an older adult's decision to complete advance directives, revealing differences in gender and relationship characteristics. The results suggest that joint experience as a couple plays a crucial role in end-of-life planning, with some insights shedding light on individual and spousal factors
Researchers have determined the origin of the 1586 Sanriku tsunami that hit Japan, tracing it to a mega-earthquake in the Aleutian Islands. The study used coral fragments dated to the 16th century and found a precise age of 1572±21 years.
A study by Weizmann Institute researchers reveals that administering 'young matrix' molecules, including Agrin, to damaged mouse hearts can repair and restore heart muscle function. The findings suggest a new direction for research on restoring damaged hearts and may lead to the development of new treatments for heart disease.
A newly discovered mechanism behind reduced insulin production in type 2 diabetes reveals that insulin-producing cells regress and become immature, reducing their function. The study identifies key genes, including SOX5, which affects disease progression and suggests potential new treatments targeting cellular maturity.
Researchers developed an EcoCity model to regulate urban land cover structures and thermal environments, providing fundamental data for urban heat island mitigation. The model showed that land-cover components significantly affect thermal environments in different urban functional zones.
A study by the National Institutes of Health found that drinking artificially sweetened beverages during pregnancy may increase the risk of childhood obesity. Women who consumed at least one artificially sweetened beverage per day were more likely to have children with high birth weights and increased obesity risk at age 7.