Researchers have shown that an experimental gene therapy is safe and may be effective in preserving vision in people with wet age-related macular degeneration. The treatment involves injecting a virus containing a therapeutic gene into the eye, which produces a protein to prevent abnormal blood vessel growth.
Researchers assessed existing research on moral enhancement technologies, including pharmaceutical interventions and neurostimulation techniques. The study found that these technologies are unlikely to improve morality and may have unintended consequences.
John DeLuca, Ph.D., of Kessler Foundation has been awarded the Mentor-Based Postdoctoral Fellowship Award in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation from the National Multiple Sclerosis Society. The five-year grant will support Kessler Foundation's postdoctoral fellowship training program and fund research on cognitive deficits in MS.
Researchers have unveiled the molecular mechanism of T cell activation, a key step in the immune response. The study used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to probe the interaction between a T cell receptor and an HIV protein, shedding light on the signaling process that triggers an immune response.
A new study reveals that fishing can lead to massive gene expression changes in an exploited fish population, affecting their ability to adapt. Removing the largest individuals from a population induces differences in thousands of genes, which persist even after recovery.
A CU Boulder study shows that some dividing human cells transmit low-level DNA damage to their daughters, causing them to enter a quiescent state previously thought to be random. The process is linked to the fate of daughter cells in subsequent cell cycles and has implications for cancer development and aging.
A new study published in Phytobiomes found conflicting effects of climate change on the spread of Pierce's disease, an economically important grapevine disease. Rising temperatures can bring both positive and negative effects on disease development, depending on vector behavior.
A new study links the loss of Central American tropical forests to cocaine trafficking, with an estimated 30-60% of forest losses occurring within protected areas. Researchers estimate that cocaine trafficking may account for up to 30% of total forest loss in Honduras, Guatemala, and Nicaragua over the past decade.
Scientists at EPFL developed an antibody-linked biosensor that can track drug concentration in the blood by changing color, enabling patients to monitor their treatment levels at home. The biosensor can be adapted to detect virtually unlimited number of molecules.
A study of 3.5 million people found that 'metabolically healthy' obese individuals have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease events, including heart failure and stroke, compared to normal-weight individuals with no metabolic abnormalities. The study also showed that the risk of CVD events increases with the number of metabolic abnor...
Researchers find a mathematical signature of disintegration from order to chaos in swirling bacterial patterns. This discovery links turbulence in biology and physics, shedding light on the dynamics of active fluids.
Researchers found that years of gradual weight gain more than doubles the risk of hypertensive disorders, including high blood pressure and pre-eclampsia, during pregnancy. Women who gained moderate to high annual weight gains had a higher risk of developing hypertensive disorders.
Researchers found that impaired autophagy and lysosomal degradation lead to photoreceptor cell death in CLN5 deficient mice, mirroring human NCL diseases. The study suggests non-invasive retinal examinations could serve as biomarkers for neurological diseases.
Researchers used an indirect measurement technique to estimate atheism prevalence in the US, finding that it may be as high as 20-35%, which challenges prevailing theories. The study's findings suggest that people may be reluctant to disclose their lack of belief due to stigma, leading to underreported rates.
Researchers discovered strong evidence for a general enlargement of seeds due to domestication across seven vegetable species. Domesticated maize seeds are 15 times bigger than the wild form, while soybean seeds are seven times bigger.
Foraminifera, single-celled plankton, build microscopic calcite shells that reflect environmental conditions. Recent experiments reveal magnesium levels vary in shells due to daily light/dark cycles, increasing confidence in plankton as climate records.
A new Northwestern Medicine study found that weekly glucocorticoid steroid doses, such as prednisone, promote muscle repair and recovery in muscle injuries. The study showed that daily doses cause muscle wasting, but weekly doses stimulate the production of annexins and KLF15 proteins, leading to improved muscle performance.
Researchers developed a lab-based model of the blood-brain barrier defect that causes Allan-Herndon-Dudley Syndrome, a rare congenital disorder. The study may hold promise for treating this syndrome and analyzing other neurological conditions.
Researchers at Kaunas University of Technology are developing multifunctional scales to monitor health and detect potentially life-threatening conditions. The scales can measure arterial stiffness and even recognize the development of hyperkalemia, a condition that requires dialysis.
A recent study reveals significant variations in cardiovascular mortality rates across US counties, highlighting the need for targeted health policies. The largest concentrations of high mortality rates are found in southeastern Oklahoma and eastern Kentucky, while lower rates are observed in areas surrounding San Francisco and central...
Researchers at Northwestern University have created bioprosthetic mouse ovaries using 3D printing, which not only ovulate but also give birth to healthy pups. The study's findings suggest that scaffold architecture plays a crucial role in follicle survival, paving the way for potential human applications.
Research reveals that mating stimulates aggression in female fruit flies, making them more intolerant of others and changing their behavior, including increased ovulation and rejection of male advances. The study's findings have implications for understanding female competition and potentially controlling pest insect populations.
A new study by RTI International found that using new marijuana products and edibles significantly increases the risk of experiencing an unexpected high. Most people who experience unexpected highs sleep it off or engage in protective behaviors, but some report unintended consequences such as having sex or ending up in hospital.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba have uncovered a molecular mechanism that coordinates growth spurts in filamentous fungi. The team discovered that cellular calcium levels oscillate, triggering the assembly of actin chains that guide vesicles to the site of growth.
Astronomers have discovered a new gas giant, KELT-11b, with an incredibly low density similar to styrofoam, offering opportunities to test atmospheres and assess habitability. The planet's large atmosphere will aid in developing techniques to identify chemicals and products of life.
Researchers from North Carolina State University have demonstrated that integrating molecular dynamics simulations and machine learning techniques can create more accurate computer prediction models. The new models, called 'hyper-predictive,' can quickly predict which new chemical compounds could be promising drug candidates. This is a...
A University at Buffalo study found that nonprescription use of Ritalin, a central nervous system stimulant, is associated with changes in brain chemistry linked to risk-taking behavior, sleep disruption, and weight loss. The study highlights the potential long-range risks of using Ritalin as a study enhancer.
Researchers discovered changes in bacteria in the mucus lining of the intestine that could lead to earlier diagnosis and better management of inflammatory bowel diseases. This breakthrough study found these changes occurred 12 weeks before they were detectable in stool samples.
Research on marine and coastal cultural ecosystem services is scarce compared to other ecosystem service categories, revealing insights into social-ecological interactions worldwide.
A new management approach developed by an international team of researchers, including the University of Warwick, helps to streamline outbreak decision-making. The approach identifies two effective strategies: reducing transmission rates at funerals and in communities, such as educating people about disease transmission.
Researchers used the Met Office Unified Model to simulate Proxima B's climate, finding it could have a habitable atmosphere and stable climate regime. The team also explored different atmospheric compositions and orbital configurations, suggesting the planet could support life.
Researchers developed a new test combining International Normalized Ratio and thrombelastography to predict massive transfusion needs in trauma patients. The test was found to be highly sensitive and specific, reducing unnecessary transfusions by 97%.
A Mayo Clinic study found that patients with Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia, and related conditions died 2-6 years earlier than the general population. The study used data from 1991 to 2010 and compared 461 patients with these diseases to 452 patients in the general population.
Researchers found that around 15% of Ebola survivors have distinctive retinal scars, which appear specific to the disease but spare vision. The study also suggests that aqueous fluid analysis can help diagnose Ebola eye disease and enable access to cataract surgery for affected survivors
JAX researcher Catherine Kaczorowski will receive a $2.7M federal grant to investigate the complex processes involved in both healthy aging and Alzheimer's disease through genomic studies. The goal is to identify genetic factors, mechanisms underlying normal aging, and potential targets for intervention against Alzheimer's.
UCSB researchers have developed a new method to control gene expression in embryonic stem cells using light, allowing for the precise engineering of tissues. This breakthrough could lead to novel therapeutic applications and insights into tissue development.
More than half of eligible US travelers fail to receive a pre-trip measles vaccine, despite clinical recommendations. This increases the risk of endemic measles outbreaks in the US. Researchers urge improved provider and traveler knowledge of measles as a travel-related illness and increased vaccination rates.
African-Americans experience a drop in systolic blood pressure when moving to less segregated neighborhoods, with reductions ranging from 1-5 points. The study suggests that less stress and better access to resources contribute to the decrease in blood pressure.
The Trauma Medical Home model provides comprehensive care for injured individuals over 50, addressing physical, psychological, and cognitive recovery. By monitoring patient progress and coordinating with primary care physicians, the model aims to significantly decrease healthcare costs and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers at UCL and the Vesuvius Observatory used a new model to investigate Campi Flegrei's unrest, finding a build-up of energy that makes the volcano more susceptible to eruption. The study suggests an increased possibility of eruption in the near future.
A diverse group of experts is advocating for a marine code of conduct to address human rights violations and promote socially responsible decision-making in ocean conservation. The recommended principles include indigenous rights, food security, inclusivity, and transparency.
Scientists at Tomsk Polytechnic University create protective coatings for zirconium fuel rods to prevent explosions in nuclear reactors. The titanium nitride-based coatings can reduce hydrogen penetration, extending the life of fuel rods and protecting reactor safety.
A comprehensive study by UBC researchers found an increased risk of stroke, migraine, depression, and abnormalities in the blood with beta interferon treatment. The study complements previous observations and highlights the need for further research on developing biomarkers to identify patients at greatest risk.
Researchers found that squamous cell carcinoma diagnoses increased by 263% and basal cell carcinomas by 145% between 2000-2010. Women in specific age groups experienced the greatest increase in basal cell carcinoma diagnoses, while men's diagnosis trends varied across time periods.
Researchers are developing a suite of quantitative assessment tools to enhance accuracy of sports-related concussion diagnoses using objective metrics such as eye tracking and cerebral blood flow. The study aims to create evidence-based criteria for policy, equipment design, and clinical practice.
A new study by Yale researchers found that maintaining a diverse collection of species in fungal communities not only safeguards weaker species but also protects the genetic diversity of the larger community. This phenomenon, known as biodiversity begetting biodiversity, can help protect threatened ecosystems like coral reefs.
A study published in JAMA Neurology found that patients with Parkinson disease and dementia with Lewy bodies died approximately two years earlier than the general population. The highest risk of death was seen among those with multiple system atrophy with parkinsonism, highlighting the need for tailored care and management strategies.
A new study suggests that early solid or tube feeding can lead to fewer symptoms, shorter hospital stays, and similar risk outcomes for patients with mild pancreatitis. However, the evidence for patients with severe disease was weak, but still did not show harm.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo discovered how ladybugs fold their wings by transplanting a transparent artificial wing onto an insect. The study revealed that the ladybugs use a combination of origami-like creases and abdominal movements to achieve complex folding, which has significant implications for engineering science.
A study found that 4 in 10 patients with elevated stroke risk are not prescribed necessary stroke-prevention medication, resulting in potentially hundreds of thousands of preventable strokes each year. The lack of prescribed medication is attributed to disparities in prescribing practices and patient socioeconomic factors.
A new study by Boston College researchers found that an after-school hydroponic gardening program increased positive attitudes towards science, reduced anxiety, and boosted self-confidence among elementary-age students. The program showed promise in engaging youths from underrepresented groups in the sciences.
A study found that participants reported changes in all five major personality factors when intoxicated, but observers noted only reliable differences in extraversion. The discrepancy may be due to inherent differences in point of view, with participants experiencing internal changes that were imperceptible to observers.
A growing shift in spring's onset is leaving nine songbird species unable to reach their breeding grounds, according to a study published in Scientific Reports. Climate change is triggering plants to grow earlier or later than normal, disrupting biological cycles and putting the survival of many bird species at risk.
Scientists at the University of Illinois have created a lithium-ion battery with improved durability using a self-healing material. The new material helps maintain the electrode's ability to store energy, increasing overall performance and lifespan.
Researchers discovered that residual tumor cells display alterations in fat metabolism and oxidative stress, which contribute to DNA damage and cancer relapse. Targeting metabolic pathways in these cells could potentially prevent recurrence.
A study published in Nature Medicine found that immune reactions to viruses can disrupt brain connections, leading to learning problems. The research team identified CX3CR1highLY6Clow monocytes as the key players in this process, releasing inflammatory signaling protein TNFα which blocks nerve cell connection formation.
A new method pinpoints critical information needed to improve management decisions during a disease outbreak. The approach provides two important pieces of information: the best course of action and highlighted gaps in knowledge that matter for intervention strategies.
A new study reveals that extreme rainfall events will increase in intensity globally, with varying degrees of impact depending on region. Regions such as North America and Europe can expect a 25% increase in intense rainfall by 4°C warming, while the Asian monsoon region may see even greater increases.
A new species of South American rabbit has been discovered by Portland State University researcher Luis Ruedas, who found the creature to be larger and shaped differently from its cousins. The discovery is significant as it will require renaming other rabbit species in the region, potentially affecting conservation efforts.
Researchers have developed a new blood test called IsoPSA that detects prostate cancer more accurately than current tests. The study found that IsoPSA can distinguish cancer from benign conditions and identify patients with high-risk disease, potentially reducing the need for unnecessary biopsies.