Researchers found that rats drinking water infused with rare-sugar syrup gained less weight and had lower blood glucose and insulin levels. The study suggests that rare sugars could be a good alternative sweetener to regulate glucose levels.
A study found that women with breast cancer who engaged in regular exercise were 40% less likely to have a cardiovascular event and 60% less likely to die from coronary heart disease. Exercise may help mitigate the increased cardiovascular risk faced by cancer patients, reducing the risk of heart disease and its associated complications.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine found that a time-honored mnemonic method can be taught to people with no prior hint of prodigious memorization skills. The method, known as the 'method of loci,' induces patterns of activity within new trainees' brains that closely resemble those of memory athletes.
A new model of healthcare has shown that nurses can improve patient uptake of insulin treatment, leading to better long-term health outcomes. In a recent Australian study, 70% of patients began treatment under the 'Stepping Up' program, compared to just 22% in traditional approaches.
Physicists propose non-invasive probe to induce magnetic response in materials with weak or nonexistent fields. This technique could yield more sensitive MRI machines, high-speed storage memory, and efficient CPUs.
A study found that people with high blood pressure consumed an average of 3,100 milligrams of sodium per day, more than twice the recommended daily limit. The increase was driven by rising sodium intake among Hispanics and African-Americans, groups that historically showed lower sodium intake levels.
Researchers at Columbia University Medical Center have discovered a bone-derived hormone that regulates food intake and blood sugar. The study found that the hormone, lipocalin 2, turns on brain neurons involved in appetite suppression, potentially leading to new targeted therapies for obesity and type 2 diabetes.
A new study found that a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae can worsen intestinal damage in mouse models of colitis by causing elevated uric acid levels. Blocking this yeast strain may alleviate symptoms of inflammatory bowel disorders in some patients, according to the researchers.
A new compound has been found to reverse the allegiance of innate immune system cells, turning them from tumor enablers into tumor opponents. When combined with chemotherapy or another immunotherapy, it significantly extended the period of tumor remission.
A new study from Johns Hopkins Medicine found that in-home occupational therapy significantly reduces the severity of depression in patients with central vision loss. The therapy, which includes training on daily activities like cooking and reading, is more effective than supportive therapy in improving mental health outcomes.
Patients with Type 2 diabetes and acute heart failure have a significantly lower risk of death if they have high systolic blood pressure, but are more likely to be hospitalized for heart failure. The study found that those with a systolic blood pressure above 150 mmHg were 45% less likely to die, but 47% more likely to be hospitalized.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin found that high methane levels in well water are likely from shallow natural gas deposits, not hydraulic fracturing. The study used chemical and geographic evidence to tie elevated methane levels to these natural sources.
A mouse study found that suppressed immunity during pregnancy creates a window of opportunity for the H1N1 influenza virus to infect and mutate into more virulent strains. The researchers believe that pregnant women are more susceptible to severe flu infections due to their dampened immune system.
Early Mesolithic humans practiced selective hunting to conserve certain species, such as red deer, and hunted wild boars independently of age. A fish fermentation facility at the settlement revealed a more settled community than previously believed
A family of ~350 human proteins has been found to establish complex interplay with transposable elements, creating largely human-specific gene regulatory networks. These networks influence all of human biology, both in health and disease, and are likely to have profound implications for understanding human development and physiology.
Three experts from the University of Sydney argue that deregulating the FDA's regulatory system will subject patients to potentially toxic drugs. They highlight examples of successful drugs that were identified through well-controlled studies, and contrast these with unregulated markets that struggle to sift out ineffective treatments.
PAWR will provide unprecedented capabilities for wireless platform experimentation, potentially revolutionizing the nation's wireless infrastructure. The project aims to develop best practices and reference architectures for next-generation wireless technologies, including millimeter wave, to enable groundbreaking research.
A study using human stem cells found that deep space radiation may increase the risk of leukemia in humans. The research team identified a dietary supplement as a potential protector against these effects.
Ryan Scott, BS '16, has won the AAPT-ALPhA Award for his work on a new quantum mechanics experiment. The experiment demonstrates superposition and entanglement, fundamental effects in quantum computing research.
Researchers found that reducing antibiotics by 10% and 25% can lead to a 11.2% and 28.3% reduction in MDRO spread, respectively. Antibiotic stewardship programs can help reduce unnecessary usage and transmission of deadly bacteria.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have discovered a disordered protein, CITED2, that outcompetes another protein, HIF1α, for cellular binding targets. This finding has implications for future cancer drugs, suggesting a more efficient approach to interrupting cancer cell survival mode.
Researchers are working to detect malware in implanted medical devices, which can pose risks to patients. UA engineer Roman Lysecky is pioneering technologies to enable IMDs to detect malware and continue functioning properly despite security breaches.
Researchers identify complementary roles played by mitral and tufted cells in processing olfactory information. Active learning enhances distinctiveness between similar smells through separate neural networks.
Tropical Cyclone Enawo continues to move through central Madagascar, with NASA's Aqua and Terra satellites gathering imagery and data on the storm. Infrared data indicates very strong storms with cloud tops reaching 210 kelvin, suggesting heavy rainfall.
A diet rich in carotenoids and vitamin C may protect against lung cancer, according to a study. High intakes of these antioxidants were associated with a lower risk of squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and small cell carcinoma in both smokers and nonsmokers.
Researchers found that rogue waves occur roughly twice daily at any given location in a storm and are not as rare as previously believed. The study provides critical information for designing and operating ships and platforms safely in extreme conditions.
Researchers have created a pioneering nanobiodevice that can isolate cancer biomarkers quickly with high resolution. The device separates microRNA from DNA/RNA mixtures in under 100ms, promising faster and more reliable isolation of microRNA for cancer detection.
The Manhattan District Attorney's Office has awarded a $10.3 million grant to create a Youth Opportunity Hub in Northern Manhattan, providing wraparound support and opportunities to youth through partnerships with community-based organizations. The project aims to reduce involvement in the criminal justice system among high-risk youth.
Researchers discovered a critical biochemical pathway in mosses that protects them from water loss and enables their adaptation to terrestrial environments. This finding suggests the prehistoric moss cuticle may have originated before lignin evolution in seed plants, influencing the development of complex ecosystems.
Scientists at UC Berkeley create a pill-sized technology called MucoJet that jet-releases vaccines inside the mouth, targeting immune cells in the buccal region. The device shows promise in delivering high-pressure streams of liquid and immune system-triggering molecules to stimulate an immune response.
Researchers have discovered a systematic approach to inducing large-amplitude vibrations in graphene models, leading to increased conductivity. The findings offer a valuable theoretical basis for future experimental work, opening up new avenues for smart materials and all-optical networks.
A large US healthcare system study found that taking misoprostol with NSAIDs significantly lowers the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and kidney failure compared to taking NSAIDs alone. The combination is associated with a 25-34% lower risk of these events.
Prostate artery embolization (PAE) is a minimally invasive treatment that reduces urinary tract symptoms in men with enlarged prostates, with an 89% cumulative success rate at short-term evaluation. Long-term follow-up shows 78% cumulative success rates, making it a viable option for patients exploring alternatives to open surgery.
A study by Adriana Zuniga-Teran found that traditional neighborhoods encourage more walking, while suburban developments with green spaces contribute to improved mental well-being. Cluster housing communities also foster social interaction among residents. In contrast, enclosed gated communities do not improve feelings of safety.
A new biomarker called methylthioadenosine (MTA) has been identified as a predictor of death in sepsis patients. Measuring MTA levels can be approximately 80% accurate in predicting patient outcomes, similar to the APACHE II score.
A nearly 11-year follow-up study published in the New England Journal of Medicine shows an estimated overall survival rate of 83.3% among 1,106 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with Gleevec. The treatment has been proven effective against multiple forms of cancer, including pediatric CML and gastrointestinal stromal tumor.
Researchers from Portland State University found significant levels of benzene in e-cigarette vapors, thousands of times higher than ambient air when devices are used at high power. Benzene has been linked to diseases like leukemia and bone marrow failure.
Scientists found that small nanoparticles, even those as small as 1.8 nm, can dramatically improve the properties of polymer materials. This is because smaller particles interact with fewer polymer segments, allowing for new properties such as improved temperature resistance and faster viscosity changes.
A review of studies on menopause symptoms found that women frequently use alternative treatments but often don't inform their doctors. The University of Delaware study suggests improving communication between healthcare providers and patients using CAM can boost treatment efficacy.
A team of researchers from Michigan State University identified a single protein, ADCY1, responsible for many behavioral and molecular abnormalities in Fragile X syndrome. By reducing the expression of this protein, they eliminated autism-like behaviors and improved neuron signaling.
A study from Massachusetts General Hospital found that a widely adopted blood transfusion practice may not benefit patients without traumatic injuries and may even be harmful. The practice, which involves giving patients more plasma than red blood cells during massive transfusions, was previously studied only in trauma patients.
Researchers found that gamers had similar neural responses to emotionally provocative images as non-gamers, suggesting no long-term effects on empathy. The study used fMRI and a psychological questionnaire to compare gamers' and non-gamers' brain activity and emotional responses.
Researchers at FSU have made a breakthrough in understanding nanoparticles' potential for delivering medicine to cells. They found that specific silicon particles can be toxic, but also enhance cellular uptake of therapeutic agents.
Spanish researchers estimated optimal UV radiation exposure times to synthesize vitamin D, highlighting the difficulty of achieving recommended doses in winter months. The study found that, even in sun-rich countries like Spain, excessive exposure times are required during winter to obtain the necessary vitamin D.
Dielectric heating accelerates chemical reaction rates, allowing for rapid synthesis of organic compounds with high yield. Various applications of microwave-induced reactions are reported in pharmaceutical industries, combinatorial chemistry, and library synthesis.
Researchers have developed a brighter and more biocompatible chemiluminescent probe that can be used in water and detect various cell activities. The new probe enables the detection of several biologically relevant chemicals, enzyme activity, and imaging cells using microscopy.
A PSU researcher is using a $877,836 NSF grant to investigate how race, poverty, and disabilities affect students' success in STEM fields. The goal is to identify school and teacher factors that facilitate student success and offer policy recommendations to improve classroom outcomes.
A study published in Health Communications shows that women at high risk for breast cancer who received a letter informing them of their options for additional imaging with contrast-enhanced MRI were more likely to return for additional screening. The researchers found that direct communication increased follow-up screening rates among...
Scientists discovered a new type of vibration in europium silicide nanoislands that dissipates heat more effectively. The study used nuclear inelastic scattering to measure the energy spectrum of atomic vibrations and found that the vibrations of atoms in the crystal lattice can be tailored for specific thermal properties.
Researchers used satellite analysis and GIS to show that 75% of ancient Silk Road sites align with optimal pasture-driven pathways for nomadic herders, revealing new insights into the network's geography
The European Society of Cardiology calls for rewritten clinical trial rules to protect patients and ensure reliable results. The current ICH Good Clinical Practice guidelines need to be based on principles rather than operational details.
Researchers found strong correlations between nature exposure and positive markers of mental health, revealing a quantifiable impact. The study used dose-response modeling to uncover threshold effects that may guide urban planning and reduce the societal burdens of mental illness.
A new species of ancient fish from southern China has been discovered, exhibiting unique 'shield scale' characteristics. This finding suggests that jawed vertebrates may have evolved earlier than previously thought, with possible implications for our understanding of their origins.
A recent study found that UK parents' concerns about the child flu vaccine's safety and side effects reduce its uptake. The researchers recommend reinforcing public health messages to address these concerns, focusing on the vaccine's effectiveness in preventing flu and highlighting serious complications of the illness.
Researchers from Rice University's Laboratory for Nanophotonics create electrochromic glass that can change color at low voltages and has a multicolor palette. The glass uses perylene molecules and can produce different colors depending on the applied voltage.
The study reveals that H. pylori uses a pH-responsive mechanism to detach from old cells before reaching the gastric acid, allowing it to rapidly recycle the infection. This adaptive mechanism enables only the best-fit bacterial cells to survive and fortify the chronic infection.
Leaf-cutting ants can identify unsuitable plants for their fungus gardens based on colony waste cues, a study shows. Foraging ants avoided wasteful privet leaves after exposure to treated leaves' waste.
Researchers have devised a powerful new technique to map the entire genome in three dimensions, revealing key interactions between genes and their switches. This breakthrough aims to shed light on genetic variation and its impact on human health.
Researchers at UVA find that Lactobacillus bacteria can reverse depression symptoms and anxiety in mice by altering kynurenine levels. The discovery could lead to new strategies for treating depression and other conditions.
A large yellow fever outbreak in rural Brazil is causing concern among world health authorities, who are warning of the risk of spreading the disease to non-endemic regions. The outbreak, which has already claimed several lives, highlights the importance of rapid public health response and vaccination efforts.