Researchers created a potentially safer alternative to common hair dye ingredient PPD by mimicking melanin using polydopamine. The new dye lasts through multiple wash cycles without causing noticeable side effects.
Researchers at Medical University of South Carolina have identified a brain circuit that inhibits automated behavior and is involved in smoking cessation. Smokers who successfully quit had lower BOLD responses in this circuit before attempting to quit.
A Yale-led team has created one of the highest-resolution maps of dark matter ever produced, providing a detailed case for its existence. The map, derived from Hubble Space Telescope Frontier Fields data, closely matches theoretical predictions and offers insights into the universe's structure and galaxy formation.
A McMaster University study found that intestinal bacteria impact both intestinal and behavioral symptoms in IBS patients, potentially leading to new microbiota-directed therapies. The study also suggests a possible link between gut bacteria and other brain disorders such as autism, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis.
A new study by Michigan Medicine researchers found that cells from lung transplant patients with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) can become activated and promote scarring. The team identified a chain of upstream signals starting with autotaxin, an enzyme that generates lysophosphatidic acid, which stimulates collagen production.
Researchers found that genetic modifications are unlikely to conquer Earth due to natural resistance. Gene drives, like CRISPR/Cas9, can spread quickly but will eventually be outcompeted by natural selection.
Scientists have observed rapid temperature changes in ultra-fast black hole winds, which are responding to X-ray emissions from the accretion disk. This discovery provides clues for locating the origin of these outflows and their connection to galaxy formation.
A new long-term study harnesses social media data to understand the reasons people vape, shifting away from cessation to social image. The study found that misinformation drives some vapers' rationales for using e-cigarettes.
A study by NYU's Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development found that excessive TV viewing is negatively associated with early academic skills, particularly math and executive function. Children from low-income families are disproportionately affected.
A new study by Florida Atlantic University researchers found that American workers without paid sick leave are less likely to receive preventive health care screenings, including flu shots. The study highlights the importance of paid sick leave benefits in promoting public health.
Research by Ben-Gurion University finds that men's psychological momentum, driven by testosterone increases after success, leads to exaggerated risk-taking in financial markets. This can create price bubbles. The study suggests that increasing women in financial markets may help stabilize these markets.
A new study found that even small amounts of fructose in breast milk are associated with increased body weight and muscle content in babies. The study, published in the journal Nutrients, involved 25 mothers and infants and provided preliminary evidence for the risks of 'secondhand sugars' on infant health.
Researchers are studying novice drivers with autism to determine if specialized training can improve their driving skills and reduce collisions. They will use a high-tech driving simulator and on-road driving to compare the performance of drivers with and without autism.
A large-scale study found a significant association between autoimmune diseases and increased risk of dementia, particularly Alzheimer's. People admitted to hospital for autoimmune diseases were 20% more likely to be readmitted for dementia compared to those with other conditions.
Researchers identified key strategies to enhance total knee replacement outcomes for patients with obesity, including managing chronic conditions and nutritional deficiencies. Excess soft tissue during surgery can obstruct visibility, leading to difficulty achieving proper alignment and implant fixation.
Research at the University of Illinois Chicago found that blocking a protein on ovarian cancer cells can prevent its spread to other organs. The study's lead researcher believes this discovery could be a key to developing new treatments for the disease.
Researchers found that up to 90% of predatory fish are gone from Caribbean coral reefs, straining the ecosystem and coastal economy. Protected supersites could support large numbers of predator fishes, potentially boosting the economy through tourism.
Pitt's John Keith, Giannis Mpourmpakis and Christopher Wilmer received $500K each for projects on CO2 conversion, nanoparticle growth and new 'pseudomaterials'. The grants will support student education and community outreach initiatives.
A recent study published in Health Economics Review found that opting out of requiring physician supervision for anesthesia does not increase access to surgery or reduce costs. In fact, the study suggests that working without physician supervision may lead to higher costs related to inpatient surgical care.
A preliminary study found that individuals with relapsing-remitting MS who experience fatigue and limited leg function are at higher risk of progressing to secondary progressive MS. The study suggests that tailored treatments may be more effective for these patients, providing valuable insights into predicting MS progression.
A new study identifies Gamma Delta T cells as adaptable immune cells with immunological memory against previous infections and cancerous targets. This finding challenges traditional views of these cells as 'natural born killers' and presents opportunities for developing new cell therapies and vaccines.
The new automated measurement system at Oak Ridge National Laboratory improves Pu-238 production quality by reducing human handling. The system enables the efficient processing of neptunium-237 feedstock, resulting in high-quality plutonium-238 for NASA's Mars missions.
A team of researchers has elucidated the molecular architecture of the nuclear lamina in mammalian cells using cryo-electron tomography. The study reveals a 14nm-thick layer with threadlike structures called lamin filaments, which assemble into polymers consisting of type A and B lamin proteins.
A study from Washington University in St. Louis found that even happy couples can be clueless about spotting emotional suppression and reappraisal tactics in their partners. Women tend to overestimate their partner's ability to see the bright side of an issue, while men are more likely to use suppression with their partners.
The USDA is providing funding for research on new, environmentally friendly pesticides to replace the ozone-depleting chemical methyl bromide. The goal is to develop practical and safe alternatives for pest management in various industries.
A study published in JAMA Dermatology ranks the top 10 most disabling skin diseases globally, with dermatitis and acne at the top. The research also highlights the disproportionate impact of non-cancer skin conditions on global health.
Research published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology found that physical activity is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease regardless of age. For middle-aged and elderly people, the benefits of physical activity may outweigh the impact of overweight and obesity on cardiovascular disease.
The Lancet Psychiatry experts argue that cannabis use can be made safer through various strategies, including regulating potency, reducing tobacco use, and exploring the effects of CBD modification. The authors also highlight the need for more research on the harms posed by different levels of THC and CBD content.
Researchers at Technical University of Munich found a significant proportion of human bodies contain brown fat, which burns energy at an extraordinary rate. This discovery may lead to more effective obesity and diabetes medications that target brown adipose tissue.
Researchers from CU Boulder are exploring the connection between gut microbiota and arterial dysfunction in both mice and humans. The study aims to identify lifestyle or pharmacological strategies that may preserve microbial health, enhance arterial function, and reduce the risk of age-related cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at the University of Sydney have discovered a new compound that could translate into a new drug lead for tuberculosis. The compound, which is derived from soil bacteria compounds, has been shown to be effective against the bacterium causing TB in containment laboratory tests.
A new study by the University of Warwick found that workers with desk-bound jobs have bigger waists and increased risk of heart disease. To avoid these risks, researchers suggest spending at least seven hours a day on your feet or walking seven miles.
A study by Leslie Ashburn-Nardo found that US adults who choose not to have children are stigmatized and face moral outrage, with participants rating them as less fulfilled and feeling anger, disapproval, and disgust.
The National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) is awarding $320,000 to develop and deliver educational programs for at-risk youth. These programs aim to equip young people with skills necessary for leading productive and contributing lives, addressing early childhood needs and promoting holistic family well-being.
A recent study found that 90% of village communities in tropical regions have reported declining availability of forest resources, including timber and firewood. The researchers attribute this decline to excessive consumption and clearance by large companies and local populations.
The new centre will address social crises from four perspectives: socio-ecological transformation, social inequalities, violence and conflict resolution, and identity and region. It aims to carry out research together with academics from Latin America and promote the internationalization of the humanities.
A new potassium-sensitive fluorescence-imaging method enables accurate measurement and spatiotemporal mapping of the brain, shedding light on chemical activity within it. The nanosensor has improved spatial resolution, allowing for investigation into potassium micro-domains around activated neurons.
Scientists have identified compounds in jackfruit seeds that mimic chocolate's distinct aroma and flavor, offering a potential solution to the impending cocoa bean shortage. These findings suggest that jackfruit seeds could be used as a substitute for cocoa powder or chocolate manufacturing.
The UTA Institute of Urban Studies is formulating a strategic plan for Dallas' Vickery Meadows, aiming to rebrand the area as a center for innovation and counter negative community perceptions. The plan will emphasize physical improvements and a branding effort highlighting the neighborhood's diverse international character.
Research in yeast reveals increased adaptability with age, benefiting growth on alternative food sources like galactose. This study challenges the notion of aging as an inevitable process, suggesting potential benefits and ancient mechanisms that may be conserved in more complex organisms.
Researchers found that a probiotic combination of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria may alleviate mild seasonal allergy symptoms by increasing tolerance to hay fever. Participants who took the probiotic reported improvements in quality of life, including fewer nose symptoms and increased comfort during daily activities.
A study by the American College of Surgeons found that nonoperative management of abdominal gunshot wounds is safe and effective for selected patients, reducing complications and mortality rates. Trauma professionals now consider this approach as a viable alternative to operation.
Researchers found that adding a small amount of lithium hexafluorophosphate to an electrolyte makes rechargeable lithium-metal batteries stable, charge quickly, and have high voltage. The additive also helps create a protective layer on the battery's anode, preventing unwanted side reactions.
Researchers uncovered evidence of life at least 3,770 million years old from iron-rich deep-sea hydrothermal vents on Earth. The discovery provides direct proof of one of the oldest life forms on the planet.
A new study examines neonicotinoid pesticides' effect on wood frog development, finding slight delays that may not be detrimental. Additional studies are needed to investigate the indirect effects of these pesticides on amphibian populations.
Patients with carotid artery stenosis are more likely to undergo surgery when treated by fee-for-service physicians, compared to those treated by salary-based military physicians. This suggests that provider-induced demand may be at play, and policymakers should focus on aligning incentives to improve healthcare outcomes.
Research shows teens exhibit safer driving behavior after involvement in a severe collision, with risk levels decreasing by up to 34% in two months. The study tracked data from over 250 teens and found that elevated acceleration events, such as rapid turns or stops, were higher among those who later crashed compared to those who did not.
A study found that family medicine physicians are unprepared to intervene with male patients known to have perpetrated intimate partner violence (IPV). Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine and Public Health conducted interviews with primary care physicians who reported experiences with such cases. The findings highligh...
Researchers tracked two African elephant matriarchs for 35 days and found they slept an average of 2 hours a day, with some periods lasting up to 46 hours without sleep. This unique sleep pattern raises questions about when elephants experience REM sleep.
The Jackson Laboratory is developing a high-throughput approach to improve the efficiency of targeted nuclease-mediated HDR for genome editing. The goal is to significantly enhance the reliability and accuracy of CRISPR-Cas9 technology, enabling faster and more cost-effective therapeutic delivery.
A new study from Rice University found that African-American and poor children in Houston have a higher proportion of asthma due to social inequalities in their neighborhoods. Children living in poor neighborhoods, regardless of race, are more likely to develop asthma compared to those in middle-class or affluent areas.
A new study from UCI researchers finds that prolonged hot spells and poor air quality combine to worsen health impacts. The study analyzed 15 years of surface observations in the eastern US and Canada, finding a significant increase in adverse health effects when these factors overlap.
Researchers found that adults with autism process unrelated words similarly to those without the disorder, using distinct learning strategies. The study suggests that adults with autism use an alternative mechanism to process language, resulting in a different pattern in the brain.
A large national study suggests that treating pregnant women for mildly low thyroid function does not improve the IQs of their babies or reduce preterm births. The results, published in The New England Journal of Medicine, found no benefit in treating the women during their pregnancies.
The article outlines policies and guidelines for scholarly publishing of biodiversity and biodiversity-related data. The guidelines cover general concepts, including dataset definitions, incentives to publish data, and licences for data publishing.
A tailored preventive oral health intervention significantly improved the cleanliness of teeth and dentures among elderly home care clients. Functional ability and cognitive function were strongly associated with better oral hygiene in this study from the University of Eastern Finland.
Thirteen outstanding graduate students in biological sciences were recognized for their exceptional work and diversity of research topics, ranging from evolvability to mitochondrial disease. The award recipients will receive a certificate, travel expenses, and honorarium, and have the opportunity to present at an award symposium on the...
A Princeton-NOAA study reveals that Asian pollution is driving the persistence of smog in western US regions, despite laws curbing emissions from tailpipes and factories. The study highlights the importance of maintaining domestic emission controls on motor vehicles, power plants, and other industries.
A new report highlights a significant gender divide in the screening of patients for cardiovascular disease, with women being less likely to receive targeted screenings and treatments. The study found that younger women at high risk of CVD were 37% less likely than their male counterparts to have appropriate medications prescribed.
A preclinical study has established a link between gene variants in African American populations and kidney disease risk. The G1 and G2 APOL1 variants, found almost exclusively in West African descent individuals, cause human-like kidney disease when expressed in filtering cells.