A £1m grant will explore the link between cultural pursuits and health wellbeing, gathering new data from 3 years. Researchers will study how joining a choir, attending art classes or going to museums affects society's health.
Researchers observed banded mongooses fighting over food and territory, often resulting in serious injury and death. However, they found that pregnant females were less likely to lose their litters after conflicts, suggesting a possible strategy to maintain pregnancy and increase group competitiveness.
Material scientists at ETH Zurich have developed a method to manufacture ceramics without heat, using calcium carbonate nanoparticles compacted with water. The resulting material is stronger than concrete and as stiff as stone, with potential applications in sustainable construction and energy storage.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a new laser technique to measure the stiffness of individual cancer cells, which is correlated with cellular disorder. This technique has the potential to enable high-throughput screening for early cancer detection, allowing for rapid and accurate diagnosis.
A study published in the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders found that adolescents with autism are four times more likely to visit the emergency department than their non-autistic peers. The research suggests that youth with autism may need better access to primary care and specialist services.
Physicists at Roma Tre University developed a computer-based simulation to study the interactions of water molecules in supercooled conditions. The study reveals that a specific property of the water network can be used to determine changes in entropy, offering insights into unusual thermodynamic facets of water's activity.
Researchers at Cardiff University discovered a genetic link between Ifitm3 and the immune system's inflammatory response. The study found that individuals with a specific gene variant may experience an overactive immune response to viral infections, making anti-inflammatory drugs a potential treatment option.
Researchers have determined the atomic structure of African swine fever virus enzyme AsfvPolX, revealing a unique binding pocket and high error rate. This could lead to the development of targeted treatments by blocking the binding pocket with drugs.
Researchers have demonstrated the existence of a new quasiparticle called angulon, which forms when a rotating object interacts with its surrounding environment. The angulon theory can explain 20 years of observations and offers a quick and simple description for rotation of molecules in solvents.
A new study finds that all but one coastal shark species are increasing in abundance, following decades of declining numbers. The gains are attributed to the enactment of fishing regulations in the early 1990s.
A study found a significant association between increased use of antithrombotic drugs and subdural hematoma incidence in Denmark from 2000 to 2015. The risk was highest for patients taking multiple anticoagulant medications, particularly those combining vitamin K antagonists with antiplatelet drugs.
Researchers at CNIC discovered that miR-28 regulates the terminal differentiation of B lymphocytes, blocking the growth of B cell lymphomas. This finding highlights the potential of synthetic miR-28 analogs to inhibit tumor growth in Burkitt lymphoma and diffuse large cell lymphoma.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found no evidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in tumor tissues from 125 patients with aggressive brain cancers. The study suggests that targeting the virus may not be effective in treating glioblastoma and other high-grade gliomas, which are common primary brain cancers in adults.
A new mathematical theorem developed by Carnegie Mellon University and University of Pittsburgh mathematicians proves that Pennsylvania's congressional district maps are likely the result of gerrymandering. The researchers used a Markov chain to analyze the characteristics of the current map, comparing it to randomly generated typical ...
Researchers found that UK police forces used 'out of court resolutions' in 5,466 domestic abuse incidents, including serious crimes like actual bodily harm and threat to kill. The study calls for an immediate stop to street-level resolutions in domestic abuse cases.
Scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology have identified the key enzymes responsible for oil synthesis in microalgae. The research reveals that four lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases (LPATs) play a crucial role in the formation and growth of lipid droplets, where TAG biosynthesis occurs.
Researchers discovered frogs can distinguish color in extreme darkness, making it crucial for finding escape routes. Frogs use their color vision to select food in low-light conditions, unlike humans.
A novel non-pharmacological approach using green LED has shown promising results in treating neuropathic pain in rats with no side effects observed. The therapy may work by increasing levels of endogenous opioids, which inhibit pain and decrease inflammation.
Researchers from NYU Tandon School of Engineering successfully assembled colloidal spheres into diamond and pyrochlore crystal structures, a breakthrough in creating efficient photonic crystals. The discovery has the potential to increase the efficiency of lasers and miniaturize optical components.
New research suggests that Arctic sea-ice loss intensifies the negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) leading to more cold easterly winds. However, these winds are also warmer than they used to be due to widespread warming effects of Arctic sea-ice loss, resulting in little change in European winter temperatures.
Researchers demonstrated a chiral metamaterial that exhibits significant spectral shift with milliwatt-level power modulation, outperforming current records by a factor of 100,000. The material's properties make it suitable for applications in data processing, sensing, and communications.
A new paper by Nathan Hamlin explains a code that could thwart hackers armed with next generation quantum computers. The Generalized Knapsack Code uses alternative number representations to block cyberattacks, providing a viable security method for defending against quantum computing hacks.
A recent study found a significant increase in colorectal cancer incidence rates among young adults, including those in their early 50s. Rectal cancer rates are rising even faster, with three in ten diagnoses now in patients under 55.
Researchers at Stanford University developed a lab model of vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) arrangements that can help design and implementation in the future. The study found that closely spaced VAWTs can generate up to 10 times more power per unit of land area than widely spaced HAWTs.
A study found that genetic variation impacts child development, with specific genes affecting attachment to mothers. Children with the short form of the SLC6A4 gene showed a strong response to maternal mentoring, while those with the long form were less affected.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory created tiny swirling vortices out of magnetic particles using magnetic fields. The discovery provides insight into the behavior that governs such systems and opens up new opportunities for materials and devices with new properties.
A new game-theoretic model, Blame Game, provides guidance to policymakers on attributing cyber attacks and making strategic decisions. The model suggests that in many cases, nations may rationalize cyber attacks, even under public criticism.
Scientists at New Jersey Institute of Technology propose that cell components store energy on their outer edges, a strategy used by various cells daily. This discovery could lead to the development of new materials with unique properties, including applications in energy-efficient solar cells and sound deadening.
A new study by University of Texas at Arlington researcher Bradley Davis found that teachers from underrepresented groups face significant barriers to becoming principals. The study analyzed data on nearly 11,000 educators over 17 years and discovered that inequitable pathways to the principalship were constructed around race and sex.
A new study has found that large-scale hydrologic models can be improved to provide more realistic groundwater recharge estimates. The research team compared two models and showed that accounting for subsurface heterogeneity leads to greater estimates of groundwater recharge, which is essential for securing sustainable water supplies.
The risk of subsequent malignancies has decreased among childhood cancer survivors, particularly those treated with lower radiation doses. The study found that cumulative incidence rates of subsequent neoplasms and specific types of cancers, such as meningiomas and nonmelanoma skin cancers, were lower in recent treatment eras.
A new program, ROOTS, aims to develop drought-resistant crops with improved root function and plant health monitoring. Researchers are adapting miniaturized sensing technologies to monitor root productivity and detect stress signals in real-time.
Research from the University of Minnesota reveals that diverse tree stands outperform monocultures due to species' adaptability in using available space. This adaptability maximizes combined productivity through enhanced light utilization and increased biomass production.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that teens and young adults with type 2 diabetes are at a higher risk of developing kidney, nerve, and eye diseases. This study, funded by NIH and CDC, compared over 1,700 youth with type 1 and 272 youth with type 2 diabetes.
Researchers discovered that breast cancer cells trigger the self-destruction of mutated BRCA1 proteins through ubiquitination, resulting in compromised tumor suppressor function. This process can be targeted for potential therapeutic treatment.
NeuroVision is participating in a landmark A4 study to test a new investigational treatment that may reduce beta-amyloid accumulation in the brain. The substudy will use NeuroVision's retinal imaging technology to characterize amyloid imaging findings and assess longitudinal changes.
Adding two blood-borne proteins, TFPI and tenascin C, to the current biomarker CA-19-9 improves the detection of early-stage pancreatic cancer in three cohorts. The combination shows higher predictive value than the individual biomarkers.
In a study, male Allobates femoralis frogs became cannibals when they took over new territories, eating all clutches to ensure only their own offspring survived. This behavior was linked to territorial status, rather than sexual motivation.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that marathon performance decline begins at around 35 years old, with top runners experiencing a slowdown of two minutes per year. Average runners start to experience a decline at age 50, with women having a slightly faster rate of decline.
A recent study suggests that a ketogenic diet can protect against gout flares in rats by increasing levels of ketone bodies and inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome. This could potentially improve treatment outcomes for humans with the disease.
Researchers discovered that weakly adherent cancer cells are more likely to migrate and invade other tissues compared to strongly adherent cells. This finding suggests that adhesion strength may serve as a general marker of metastatic cells.
A new study found that women athletes are 50% more likely to suffer a sports-related concussion than their male counterparts. The research, which analyzed data from 1,203 college athletes over a four-year period, also revealed that women take longer to recover from the injury, with an average return-to-play time of 10 days.
A recent study found that teenagers and young adults with type 2 diabetes are more likely to develop complications, such as diabetic kidney disease, retinopathy, and peripheral neuropathy, compared to those with type 1 diabetes. The study also revealed higher prevalence of hypertension in both groups.
Researchers at Rice University and Baylor College of Medicine identified critical errors in inhaler use, leading to reduced medicine delivery. The most common mistakes include not shaking the device or holding breath for sufficient time, resulting in medication stuck in the mouth or throat.
Researchers found Zika virus alters host cell cytoskeletal architecture to build replication factories, potentially targeting with existing chemotherapy drugs. This study suggests a new approach to treating Zika-related disorders like microcephaly and neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a new type of lithium-ion battery that is safer, faster-charging and longer-lasting than existing batteries. The all-solid-state battery cells use glass electrolytes instead of liquid ones, eliminating the risk of dendrites and explosions.
A large-scale study published in The BMJ found that taking neuraminidase inhibitors during pregnancy does not increase the risk of adverse birth outcomes. The study analyzed nearly 6,000 women who received these medications and did not find a link to low birth weight, stillbirth, or birth defects.
A large review found strong associations between obesity and risk of certain cancers, including oesophageal, bone marrow, colon, rectal, biliary tract system, pancreatic, endometrial, and kidney cancers. The study calls for more research to confirm these findings.
New research published in the Journal of Applied Ecology finds that organic additives in road salt alternatives act as fertilizers, boosting algae growth and increasing zooplankton populations. This can have both desirable and undesirable effects on aquatic ecosystems, highlighting the need for further study.
Researchers used Google Street View to map street tree canopy coverage in Singapore, finding that increasing cover can reduce ground surface and air temperatures. The study's method could help urban planners prioritize tree planting and create greener environments.
Using advanced computational theory, researchers developed a method called spectral dynamic mimicry that allows them to calculate the laser pulse shape to produce any desired spectral output. This ability could have implications for optical computing and molecular detection.
A new study published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry found that childhood abuse impairs associative learning, contributing to misbehavior patterns later in life. Researchers discovered that abused children struggled with learning which stimuli were associated with rewards, leading to pessimism and poor decision-making.
New animal research suggests that consuming walnuts can improve sperm motility and morphology in mice, key predictors of male fertility. Walnuts are predominantly comprised of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which may be essential for sperm function.
A new study reveals that stuffed animal sleepovers at libraries significantly increase children's interest in picture books and encourage them to read with their stuffed animals. The program's effectiveness in developing prosocial behavior is also demonstrated.
A recent study published in Developmental Biology reveals that stem cells adhere strictly to their unique species' developmental clocks. The research paves the way for accelerated stem cell differentiation and faster cell growth, potentially solving various diseases such as Parkinson's, Multiple Sclerosis, and Alzheimer's.
Scientists call for transparent and credible data to track the real mitigation potential of forests. Forests are expected to contribute up to 25% of global greenhouse gas emissions reductions by 2030.
Scientists have created a way to measure the heme levels within malaria parasites, which could help develop more effective treatments. The discovery could provide insights into how the parasites control their own heme levels and may lead to the development of new antimalarial drugs that target these mechanisms.
A new review published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology concludes that eating plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and nuts can reduce heart disease risk. A predominantly plant-based diet is recommended over other nutrition fads.
The Nutrient Sensor Challenge aims to develop affordable and accurate nutrient sensors for aquatic environments. Winners will be announced at the ASLO meeting on March 2, marking progress in reducing nutrient pollution.
A Tel Aviv University study finds a unique biological model of arsenic detoxification in the Entotheonella bacterium, which inhabits Theonella swinhoei sponges. The bacterium accumulates and neutralizes toxic elements, transforming them into inert products within its cells.