A study finds that while HCV screening is common among young adults who use prescription opioids recreationally, the follow-up measures needed to stop the spread of the virus are significantly less so. Only a small percentage received confirmatory testing, specialty care, or education on how not to transmit the virus.
A study by Dr Katherine C Cunningham found that shame and guilt predicted PTSD severity, with trauma-related shame accounting for more variance. Shame can lead to social withdrawal, while guilt motivates prosocial behavior.
Researchers have discovered a cocktail of drugs that effectively eliminate acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by targeting key pathways. By simultaneously blocking two important pathways, the team was able to achieve complete elimination of AML in most cases tested.
Scientists have found a new mechanism of deformation at the boundaries of coherent twin crystal boundaries, which can increase material strength while preserving ductility. This discovery could lead to designing strong nanostructures and devices that respond to specific stress levels.
Stellenbosch University researchers found individuals with PTSD had lower levels of specific bacteria, which may contribute to immune dysregulation and inflammation. The study suggests that gut microbiome changes could be an early response to childhood trauma, increasing the risk of developing PTSD later in life.
Researchers found that some γ-secretase inhibitors, like semagacestat, cause accumulation of toxic intraneuronal Aβ instead of inhibiting its production. This discovery sheds light on the discrepancy between preclinical and clinical trial findings for Alzheimer's disease treatments.
A Korean research team created a comprehensive computational model of human metabolism, enabling accurate prediction of personal metabolic features. The model incorporates alternative splicing information and was validated with over 11,000 Gene-Transcript-Protein-Reaction Associations.
A study by Ann Towns and Birgitta Niklasson reveals that the share of female diplomats has shown an upward trend since the late 1990s, including at ambassador level. The research found a clear gender pattern in diplomacy, with men dominating positions of power and prestige.
Researchers at MIT developed a smartphone app that can analyze a car's sounds and vibrations to detect issues such as clogged air filters and worn-out spark plugs. The system uses machine-learning processes to extract subtle differences, achieving accuracy above 90% in tests.
Researchers found triclosan accumulates in nylon bristles and is easily released when switching toothpaste types, exposing users to unregulated doses. Other chemicals like BHT and methyl salicylate also accumulate in toothbrushes.
Professor Sang-Young Lee's 'all-inkjet-printed flexible batteries on paper' technique fabricates batteries directly on conventional A4 paper using a commercial desktop inkjet printer. This technology enables printing portable electronic devices on any surface, regardless of shape, holding promise for IoT and wearable electronics.
A new species of mega-carnivore has been discovered in southern Africa with footprints measuring 57cm long and 50cm wide. The estimated body length of the dinosaur is around nine meters, four times that of a lion, making it one of the largest carnivores to roam the continent.
A preclinical study suggests a novel mechanism for treating pain without the addictive side effects of current opioid medications. The use of positive allosteric modulators enhances the effect of pain-relief chemicals naturally produced by the body, providing stronger and longer-lasting pain relief.
A recent study published in Environmental Health Perspectives found that children who live close to green spaces have improved attention skills. The study analyzed data from over 1,500 children and showed a positive correlation between residential exposure to greenness and better scores on attention tests.
A study of 1.7 million people found that 37% had high blood pressure, with only 5.7% having the condition under control. The study also revealed low treatment rates and ineffective treatments, highlighting the need for a national hypertension strategy.
A new clinical trial has shown that the generic drug Dichloroacetate (DCA) can decrease blood pressure in lung vessels and improve walking ability in PAH patients, without significant side effects. DCA works by activating mitochondria, which are suppressed in PAH, leading to cell growth and overgrowth of cells narrowing vessel lumen.
Scientists have developed a new CRISPR RNA editing tool called REPAIR, which can target and edit RNA with high efficiency and specificity. This tool allows for the correction of mutations in different time windows, including during key developmental periods, and may have disease-modifying potential.
A 6,000-year-old skull discovered in Papua New Guinea may be the oldest known record of a person killed in a tsunami. The skull was found with geological characteristics matching ancient tsunami activity, suggesting it could belong to the world's earliest known tsunami victim.
Researchers at Kyushu University have identified a strong influence of pre-existing faults on earthquake location and behavior in the Nankai Trough offshore Japan. The study found that aftershocks only occurred in front of an ancient accretionary prism, where stress accumulation is greatest.
A study of women with a 20% or greater lifetime risk of breast cancer found that only 23% underwent MRI screenings, even when the service was available at no cost. Researchers aim to understand why these women are declining screening, which could inform targeted interventions.
Researchers at Osaka University have developed a new method to model the structure of perovskite oxide interfaces using a Bayesian probability-based computer program. This approach provides fast and accurate results, allowing for easier analysis of complex structural data.
A new technique has been developed to accelerate the maturation of stem cells into neurons, enabling faster brain tissue regeneration. The method uses a hydrogel scaffold that mimics the elasticity and adhesive properties of the human brain, promoting neurogenesis and neural cell differentiation.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that fully disclosing personal beliefs can actually decrease people's trust in scientific research. The researchers used two scenarios focused on the additive Bisphenol A, a controversial substance often found in plastic water bottles, and found that when scientists made statements about their...
The new RoboBee, 1,000 times lighter than previous robots, uses floating devices and an internal combustion system to stabilize on the water's surface before propelling itself back into the air. The robot can perform search-and-rescue operations, environmental monitoring, and biological studies.
A new study published in PLOS ONE has found that women are at a significantly higher risk of dying in the first year after a heart attack compared to men. The researchers analyzed data from over 4,100 patients and found that women were 1.5 times more likely to die within this timeframe.
A new study by Northeastern University found that approximately 9 million handgun owners in the US carry loaded firearms monthly, while 3 million report daily carrying. The study revealed that gun owners are more likely to be male, aged 18-29, conservative, and from the South.
A massive database of mobile app designs has been created to help designers find cost-effective solutions, allowing for the automated exploration of less common screens and machine-learning models that can go beyond simple search interactions.
A new study published in Biogeosciences found that deforestation linked to palm oil production in Indonesia has made the region warmer. The research, conducted by an international team of scientists, used satellite data and ground observations to determine the impact of land use changes on surface temperatures.
Researchers found that a baking soda solution was the most effective at removing pesticide residues from organic Gala apples. After 12 and 15 minutes of washing, 80% of thiabendazole and 96% of phosmet were removed. The study suggests that this simple method could be an effective strategy for cleaning pesticides off produce.
A new approach brings transparency to self-driving cars and other self-taught systems by automatically error-checking neural networks. Researchers found thousands of bugs missed by previous techniques, activating up to 100% of network neurons and improving accuracy up to 99%.
Researchers have found that young hockey players who suffered concussions may still exhibit white matter changes in the brain months after being cleared to return to play. Advanced MRI techniques revealed prolonged abnormalities in terms of brain structure and function, suggesting potential long-term consequences.
Austrian scientists identify critical enterotoxin tilivalline and its potent metabolite tilimycin, produced by penicillin-resistant bacteria. The discovery provides insights into antibiotic side reactions and potential new approaches for producing anticancer drugs.
The UNIST-Mando team has developed a self-charging electric bike called Hybrid Module Mobility, which uses regenerative technology to recharge batteries while riding or pedaling. The bike can transform into different forms to suit users' needs, including cargo-carrying and family modes.
A new study found that patients undergoing urological surgery are at risk of opioid dependence or overdose, with younger age, depression, and tobacco use being key risk factors. Urologists urge a balanced approach to prescribing opioids to minimize risks and maximize patient safety.
By exposing plastic flakes to gamma radiation, researchers can create stronger, more flexible concrete structures. This innovative approach could reduce cement industry's carbon footprint and divert plastic waste from landfills.
A recent poll found that 78% of caregivers experience stress while caring for a loved one with dementia, but 85% also report it as a rewarding experience. The poll suggests that caregivers often neglect their own health and well-being due to caregiving demands.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center have engineered a novel way to genetically modify T cells to target and prevent leukemia relapse. The new immunotherapy, relying on engineered T-cell receptors, represents a different method of genetic engineering than CAR T-cell therapies.
Improving readability of discharge instructions can lead to better health literacy and reduced need for hospital follow-up calls. A study by the American College of Surgeons found that editing templates made sentences shorter and easier to read, resulting in a 2.4 times lower number of phone calls per 100 patients.
Researchers found that European drought indices are deviating in a manner consistent with climate change simulations. The study suggests decreases in drought frequency in the north and increases in the south, driven by rising temperatures and evapotranspiration. This trend has been observed from the 1980s to present.
A nearly complete Jurassic ichthyosaur fossil was discovered in India, measuring over 5.5 meters in length. The fossil is believed to belong to the Ophthalmosauridae family and is thought to have lived between 165-90 million years ago.
A new Northwestern Medicine study shows proton therapy outperforms intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in five-year overall survival rates, with a 93.25% rate for proton patients compared to 88.43% for IMRT patients. Proton therapy also reduces complications and secondary malignancies, particularly for younger patients.
Research by Swansea University scientists improved nanowire stability, enabling more durable nanotechnology for future semiconductor devices. Atomic changes to metal catalyst particles revealed new physical evidence on barrier inhomogeneity, allowing nanoengineers to select device properties.
Researchers at the University of Sussex have created a new method for making smart phone touch screens that are cheaper, less brittle, and more environmentally friendly. The breakthrough involves combining silver nanowires with graphene to create a hybrid material that matches existing technologies at a fraction of the cost.
Researchers at Pennsylvania State University have developed a novel technique for connecting piezoelectric thin films to flexible polymer substrates, reducing substrate clamping and improving material properties. The new method enables the creation of miniaturized piezoelectric devices with enhanced performance and flexibility.
A recent study published in Neurology found that young hockey players who experienced concussions may still have brain changes three months later. The study showed widespread damage to the white matter of the brain and a 10% reduction in metabolic molecules, highlighting the need for further research into concussion recovery.
Han Bin Jeong, a UNIST doctoral student, has been recognized with the 2017 AMOREPACIFIC Great Global Next Generation Research Award for her groundbreaking research on mass-transfer studies at membrane contact sites in eukaryotic cells. The award acknowledges her contribution to molecular and cellular biology fields.
A new study from UMass Amherst suggests that women who are underweight during adolescence or adulthood may be at increased risk for early menopause. The research, which followed nearly 80,000 women over 25 years, found a significant association between being underweight and an earlier onset of natural menopause.
Scientists at the University of Waterloo have created a new type of supercapacitor that can store significantly more electrical energy than existing devices. This breakthrough enables faster charging times for cellphones and laptops, and potentially replaces batteries in electric vehicles and other applications.
Researchers have created a new genome editing tool that can directly repair common DNA point mutations. The 'base editor' works by converting adenine to guanine without cutting the double helix, with high efficiency and minimal byproducts.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have found that mature B lymphocytes can greatly accelerate the healing of acute and chronic wounds in both healthy and diabetic skin. The treatment also improved tissue quality and reduced scarring. High numbers of a patient's B cells can be isolated through standard blood pheresis procedu...
A pilot study found that partnerships between rural hospitals and academic surgery departments can substantially increase patient satisfaction due to increased accessibility of quality surgical care. The partnerships also lead to cost savings for both the hospitals and the state, with projected savings of approximately $7 million.
A study by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute reveals that routine genomic surveillance of MRSA can detect outbreaks much sooner than current methods. This approach helps prevent further transmission and reduces the number of people affected, with potential implications for infection control.
Professor Chunghun Lim has received the 2017 SUHF Young Investigator award for his groundbreaking work in the field of life sciences. The Suh Kyungbae Science Foundation supports young scientists through a maximum grant of 2.5 billion KRW over five years to nurture and promote creative research.
The study used 3D models to simulate electron emissions from photocathodes with flat and varied surface roughness. The results improved understanding of how smooth surfaces must be and over what spatial scales, aiding in the design of ultra-bright photon and electron sources.
Researchers have identified ten times more new genes on the Y chromosome than previously thought in fruit flies. These genes appear to have taken on important functions, raising questions about their durability and potential impact on species.
A recent study published in Human Reproduction found that underweight women are at a greater risk of experiencing an early menopause compared to lean or normal weight women. Women who were underweight as teenagers or in their mid-30s had a significant increase in the risk of early menopause, with some women reporting a 50% higher risk.
A recent study found that cloth skullcaps are more effective than disposable bouffant hats in reducing airborne contamination in operating rooms. The researchers tested three types of headgear and observed lower particle counts and microbial shedding with cloth caps, suggesting they may be a better option for minimizing infection risk.
Researchers discovered that cells retain properties from their previous environment for several days, known as mechanical memory. This property can aid in tumor invasion and metastasis. The study's findings may lead to new insights into the mechanisms behind cancer spread.
Researchers found that triclosan accumulates in toothbrush bristles and elastomer parts, releasing it when switching toothpastes. This could lead to prolonged exposure to triclosan and its potential transformation products.
A new geological analysis of a 6,000-year-old human skull found in Papua New Guinea suggests that it may be the oldest known victim of a tsunami. The study, published in PLOS ONE, reveals that the person likely died in a catastrophic tsunami around 6,000 years ago.