A recent study led by the University of Nottingham found that wearing silk clothing does not reduce the severity of eczema in children with moderate to severe eczema. The study involved recruiting hospitals across the UK and assessed the effectiveness of specialist silk garments against standard treatment.
Researchers analyzed 11 trials involving 6,560 PVD patients and found no significant effect on death rates or major cardiac events. The study suggests that aspirin therapy may not be beneficial for certain patients with peripheral vascular disease.
Researchers study Oklahoma's earthquakes to understand human-induced seismicity and its link to wastewater injection from oil and gas production. New seismic stations deployed across the state provide better insight into fore-and aftershocks and earthquake sequences.
The researchers created a cheminformatics map of the 2,700 dyes in the Max A. Weaver Dye Library, identifying 150 chemically unique dyes representative of the library. These dyes are now publicly available in the ChemSpider database, offering potential solutions for human health and environmental issues.
A new study found a substantial increase in CVI procedures in the Medicare population between 2005 and 2014. Cardiology saw the most rapid growth in market share, while vascular surgeons and other specialists also increased their services.
In a recent editorial, Saint Louis University cardiologist Paul J. Hauptman emphasizes the need for patient-centric symptom relief as a primary goal in treating worsening heart failure. His review of the TRUE-AHF trial suggests that ularitide has limited short-term effects and may not improve longer-term survival.
Researchers have discovered a potential treatment for ALS and spinocerebellar ataxia 2 using gene silencing technology. The drug, an antisense oligonucleotide, reduces problems associated with SCA2 by silencing the ataxin 2 gene.
In Kansas, controlled burns by farmers to manage land produce smoke with various chemicals and particles, posing an issue for air quality. Air quality alerts are in place due to the drift of smoke from burning grass.
A study at Stanford University revealed that suppressing a specific protein in a mouse model of ALS extends the animal's lifespan. Researchers found that mice treated with a drug designed to block the production of this protein lived over 400 days, while untreated mice died within 29 days.
Naren Vyavahare is advancing research into abdominal aortic aneurysms, aiming to develop new treatments and improve diagnoses using nanoparticles. The goal is to ease anxiety and prevent surgery for thousands of patients with this potentially life-saving therapy.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a novel 3D printing method that uses simulants of Martian and lunar dust to create flexible, elastic, and tough structures. The method, known as 3D-painting, enables the creation of functional objects such as habitats and building blocks using local resources.
Researchers reprogram tumor blood vessels to block tumor growth and facilitate T cell arrival, improving cancer immunotherapy efficacy. A2V therapy inhibits metastasis and promotes anti-tumor immunity, which can be enhanced by PD-1 checkpoint blockade.
The Kaikoura earthquake triggered widespread slow slip events, producing simultaneous patches of slip in other areas. Ground faulting was complex, rupturing at nine to 12 faults with multiple orientations, resulting in a combined rupture length of about 180 kilometers.
African Matabele ants have developed a unique rescue behavior where injured individuals are carried back to the nest and treated. This unexpected finding highlights the importance of social insects' investment in colony care.
Researchers at NSU discovered that shaking bacteria can create confusion, preventing them from coordinating an attack. This strategy has promise in reducing the need for antibiotics and combating antibiotic resistance. The team plans to test their theory in more species of bacteria and eventually in mice.
Researchers found that Pokemon Go users were more likely to be physically active, experience positive emotions, and make new social connections. The study, published in Media Psychology, suggests that augmented reality games can have a positive impact on players' emotional and social lives.
Scientists identify a common mechanism in two forms of neurodegeneration affecting young adults and the elderly, linked to progranulin protein mutations. The discovery advances efforts to find better treatments and cures for these diseases, including frontotemporal dementia and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis.
An international effort analyzed 1,610 Ebola virus genomes from the 2013-2016 West African epidemic, revealing insights into factors that sped or slowed the outbreak. The study found that cities played a major role in the magnitude of the epidemic and that distance between cities was key to sparing nearby regions from severe epidemics.
A recent NYU study reveals significant variability in how English learner reclassification affects student achievement and graduation rates across different US districts. The findings suggest that reclassification can have either negative or positive impacts, depending on the district's policies and services.
A Yale University study found that areas restricting trans fats in foods had fewer hospitalizations for heart attack and stroke. The finding suggests limiting trans fats could have a widespread impact as the FDA's ban takes effect nationwide.
Scientists develop a targeted therapy that slows disease progression in mice with ataxia and ALS, suggesting potential benefits for humans. The treatment targets the ataxin-2 gene, which may also be important for maintaining brain cell health.
A new study finds that patients with certain pre-operative conditions, such as smoking or depression, are more likely to become long-term opioid users after surgery. The research suggests that other factors contribute to the risk of prolonged opioid use beyond the normal recovery period.
A new study tracks infectious disease trends in China over ten years, finding that while overall incidence has declined, some diseases like hydatid disease and hepatitis C are on the rise. The study highlights the need for improved prevention and control measures, particularly in remote border regions.
Researchers at Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown identify apterous neurons as key indicators of female receptivity in fruit flies. The discovery links a female's walking speed to her willingness to mate, with silencing these neurons reducing her receptivity.
The LHCb experiment's analysis confirms the Standard Model's predictions for the rare Bs0 meson decay into a muon and anti-muon with exceptional accuracy. The results narrow down parameters for proposed extensions, such as supersymmetric theories.
A new study found that adding a third oral antihyperglycemic agent to metformin and sitagliptin can improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients, overcoming 'clinical inertia' and allowing more than 60% of patients to reach the target HbA1c level. The study, which included over 7,800 participants, also found that the addition o...
Three TU Dresden scientists, Prof. Stephan Grill, Frank Buchholz, and Stefan Kaskel, receive significant ERC Advanced Grants to advance research in embryo development, efficient genetic surgery, and pressure amplifying materials with potential applications in energy and environmental technologies
Researchers found that vitamin B supplements nearly reversed negative effects on heart rate, white blood count, and lymphocyte count in healthy non-smokers exposed to fine particle pollution. The findings suggest a potential preventive pharmacological intervention using B vitamins to contain air pollution health effects.
Researchers at Université de Genève discovered that a lizard's skin color pattern forms a cellular automaton, a natural process generated by biological evolution, using a computational system invented by John von Neumann. Computer simulations implemented the discretisation of Turing's equations, which linked the biology-driven mechanis...
Researchers found that many Culex species lay eggs on terra cotta and mangrove roots instead of open water. This discovery challenges previous generalizations about mosquitoes' egg-laying habits and may aid in better targeting mosquito control efforts.
Researchers discovered that microbes in polar streams are producing organic material, potentially contributing to an underestimated 'dynamic local carbon cycle' as temperatures rise
A study published in JAMA Cardiology found that New York counties with trans-fatty acid (TFA) restrictions on eateries experienced a significant decrease in hospitalization rates for heart attacks and strokes compared to counties without restrictions. The study, which included data from 2002 to 2013, suggests that TFA restrictions may ...
Researchers found UM-Palmitoylethanolamide to slow down Parkinson's disease progression and disability, improving non-motor and motor aspects of daily living. The study used ultra-micronized palmitoylethanolamide as an add-on therapy in advanced PD patients, with significant reductions in symptoms.
Researchers have developed a new 3D printing method that allows for the creation of objects with permanent shape-shifting capabilities. The method uses shape memory polymers and can achieve significant time and material savings.
The American Association of Anatomists (AAA) has honored several individuals with lifetime achievement awards for their outstanding contributions to the field of anatomy. Wojciech Pawlina received the Henry Gray Distinguished Educator Award, while H. Joseph Yost was awarded the Henry Gray Scientific Achievement Award for his groundbrea...
A new study suggests that employees who believe their different work identities enhance each other are more productive, while those in conflict see a hit to their performance. The research found that employees who think their roles complement each other have better sales and intrinsic motivation.
A new study by University of Illinois researchers describes a method to detect and map tiny additions to DNA called methylations, which can be a warning sign of cancer. The method uses nanopores with an electrical current running through an atomically thin sheet of material.
A new study reveals that US streams contain complex blends of organic pollutants, including pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and byproducts from their degradation. The findings suggest that these chemical combinations could harm aquatic life and potentially impact human health.
Researchers from FAU identified substances responsible for smelly toys, including cyclohexanone and isophorone, which may cause physiological concerns. The study aims to further examine the effects of these substances on consumers, manufacturers, and retailers over longer periods.
A comprehensive analysis of US state laws reveals a complex and conflicting system that poses barriers to safeguarding patients' choices. Inconsistent laws create ambiguity about who is responsible for decision-making, adding stress to an already emotionally challenging moment.
Researchers identified over 1,300 genes completely knocked out in at least one individual, including the APOC3 gene, which regulates triglyceride metabolism. These individuals had low triglyceride levels and were protected from post-meal rise in plasma triglycerides.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine highlights the confusing nature of state laws governing medical decision-making for incapacitated patients. The research found a complex and conflicting system that poses barriers to safeguarding patients' choices in their most vulnerable moments.
A Minneapolis Heart Institute study found that over half of patients who suffered major heart attacks had not seen a doctor in two years prior to their attack. The new guidelines are more likely to treat these individuals before their heart attacks occur.
Researchers explore effects of human-provided foods on large predators, finding changes in social structures, movements, and behavior. Human-fed populations often form distinct genetic subgroups, potentially leading to future speciation events.
Researchers at Brigham Young University have developed a lab on a chip that can predict preterm births with up to 90% accuracy. The device takes a finger-prick's worth of blood and measures biomarkers associated with preterm birth, providing an early warning system for doctors.
A meta-analysis of 288,981 participants found that obesity and being underweight are associated with a higher risk of migraine. Obese individuals were 27% more likely to have migraine than those of normal weight, while underweight individuals were 13% more likely.
Researchers developed a non-invasive nanoparticle delivery method that can target the brain via the nasal cavity, reaching it within minutes. The approach uses aerosol science and engineering principles to generate monodisperse nanoparticles that pass through the brain-blood barrier.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE analyzed 194 native Latin American maize populations, revealing three distinct geographic groups of maize in Mexico and four groups in South America and the Caribbean. The findings suggest that genetic variation in maize populations may reflect human migration patterns and agricultural development.
Research found that participants who exercised had a lower risk of dying from a heart attack, with a dose-response relationship between exercise level and mortality rate. Regular physical activity may help develop collateral blood vessels and improve blood flow to the heart.
A new study at the University of Texas at Austin reveals that humans have an adaptive coordinate system that rescales its internal map according to the environment's size. This flexibility allows humans to navigate diverse places with ease. The research provides valuable insights into the human memory and spatial navigation, shedding l...
Astronomers have revealed extraordinary details about 2014 UZ224, also known as DeeDee, using ALMA. The icy body is roughly 635 kilometers across and has enough mass to be spherical, but lacks official dwarf planet status.
A study by Binghamton University found that excessive smartphone use leads to problems such as depression, social isolation and anxiety. Females were most likely to exhibit susceptibility to addiction, accounting for 7% of the 'addict' category.
Research by Mary Carskadon shows that teenagers need more sleep than they get due to conflicting societal expectations. Studies have found that as children age, their circadian rhythms shift later, making it harder for them to wake up early. This can lead to sleep disorders and decreased academic performance.
A new study reviews EU and US food colouring legislation to find ways to reduce regulatory barriers to international trade. Key findings include differing rules on colour additives, labelling requirements, and natural vs synthetic colours.
Researchers at Osaka University report heat-assisted plasma treatment can modify PTFE to improve its adhesive properties, making it suitable for medical procedures. The treatment recovers the surface layer, strengthening the adhesion between PTFE and rubber, allowing for stable and non-toxic lubrication.
A mouse study reveals that gut microbes play a crucial role in age-associated inflammation and premature death. Imbalances in the gut microbiome lead to leaky intestines and trigger inflammation. Researchers hope to develop drugs or probiotics to restore gut barrier function and reduce age-related inflammation.
Research finds atomic carbon in young star systems' debris disks, indicating minimal hydrogen presence. This suggests the gas is generated through collisions rather than being primordial.
The newly-discovered Teleocrater rhadinus is a six-foot-long lizard-like carnivore that has unexpectedly crocodile-like features, causing scientists to reassess the earliest stages of dinosaur evolution. It shares more features with its distant crocodilian cousins than previously thought.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center developed a personalized visual training program to reroute visual information around damaged areas of the brain. Patients regained large swaths of rudimentary sight, with some able to recover vision enough to drive again.
Researchers analyzed a patient's progression through Ebola virus disease and recovery to identify distinct phases of physiological responses. The study also characterized serum from healthy volunteers receiving the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine, identifying six markers that predict adverse reactions.
The American Association of Anatomists has awarded three young investigators for groundbreaking research in cell biology, comparative neuroanatomy, and developmental biology. Maria Barna, Gloria Brar, and Shigeki Watanabe have made significant contributions to biomedical science through their research.
Research at Oregon State University shows that frequent, long-term PE instruction equips adolescents with knowledge about the role of physical activity in good health. The study found strong correlation between regular PE and students meeting federal guidelines for moderate to vigorous physical activity.
A study published in JAMA Surgery found that approximately 6% of patients continued to use opioids more than three months after surgery. Risk factors for persistent opioid use included preoperative tobacco use, alcohol and substance abuse disorders, mood disorders, anxiety, and preoperative pain disorders.
Researchers found that mushrooms can act as indicators of lawn responses to rising carbon dioxide levels. The study found that temperature and increased CO2 concentrations affected grass competition, leading to changes in mushroom carbon isotopes.
A systematic review of 15 studies found that most vulnerable nursing home residents are at risk of becoming victims, while legal examinations are often infrequent due to administration complexities. The report also highlights the underreporting of sexual assaults in nursing homes, with only 1% of staff-to-resident incidents reported.
Researchers tested Asian elephants' body awareness, finding they stepped off a mat to pass a stick to an experimenter 42 times on average, significantly more often than during a control test. This demonstrates their understanding of their bodies as obstacles, similar to young children's understanding at around two years old.
Researchers found cats with normal lactate levels had better survival rates than those with high lactate levels, with a five-day survival rate of 57% compared to 17%. The study suggests lactate can be a helpful measure in evaluating prognosis and making treatment decisions for critically ill cats.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that melatonin can protect the small intestine of rats from radiotherapy-induced toxicity. Melatonin reduced intestinal cell death and inflammation, facilitating intestinal recovery. This suggests oral treatment with melatonin may help prevent radiotherapy-induced gut toxicity in cancer patients.
Researchers at McMaster University found that imbalances in gut microbes lead to intestinal leakage, triggering inflammation, impaired immune function, and reduced lifespan. The study suggests targeting age-associated inflammation may improve immune health and reduce the risk of chronic conditions.
Researchers at Babraham Institute and European Bioinformatics Institute identified a mouse epigenetic ageing clock, which shows age-related changes in DNA methylation. The accuracy of the mouse clock is surprisingly similar to humans, with lifestyle interventions affecting ticking rate.
A new assay allows for direct measurement of pathogen biomarkers in bovine blood, enabling discrimination between exposure and infection. This breakthrough supports the global One Health strategy and has potential applications for diagnosing diseases in cattle, elephants, and other species.
The Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore (SERIS) has developed the world's first full-size IBC bifacial solar module, capable of producing up to 400 Watts of electric power. The module features a double-glass structure, low-temperature interconnections, and high-efficiency ZEBRA solar cells.
A study by UC Merced Professor Alexander M. Petersen and Michelangelo Puliga found that the EU expansion facilitated the inter-European circulation of highly skilled workers in various fields, including medicine, technology, education, science, engineering, and business.
Researchers have recorded spring fish migrations by analyzing DNA in water samples, providing a harmless and economical alternative to traditional methods. The study's findings suggest that environmental DNA can be used to monitor fish populations, estimate abundance, and track distribution.
A new microinsurance plan for California earthquakes aims to provide financial support to residents who fall into a 'payout zone' after an earthquake. The plan, developed by Kate Stillwell, uses data on seismic shaking intensity to create a payout zone defined by census blocks and shaking intensities.
Researchers at Princeton University discovered over 100 errors in RISC-V instruction specification that could cause software running on chips to perform calculations using incorrect values. The findings highlight the importance of correcting these issues to ensure the reliability and safety of systems relying on RISC-V processors.
Researchers have found a carnivorous dinosaur relative with a crocodilian body plan, forcing them to re-evaluate their understanding of dinosaur evolution. The discovery sheds light on the complex history and traits of early ancestors.
Researchers are developing methods to predict and mitigate fracking-induced earthquakes in Canada and the US. Experts are working to identify factors that affect the likelihood of damaging ground motion from these earthquakes.
Researchers have unlocked genetic information about lettuce and related plants, releasing the first comprehensive genome assembly for lettuce and the Compositae family. The study found that triplicate genes may explain the success of this huge plant family.
A study of 35 popular phone-based sleep apps found that most help users set sleep-related goals and track their sleep patterns, but few provide general information about sleep or its benefits. The analysis suggests that there is room for improvement in the development of these apps to educate users about the importance of sleep.
A new species, Teleocrater rhadinus, discovered in Tanzania, has a long neck and tail, but walks on four legs like a crocodile. The finding sheds light on the distribution and diversity of ancestors of birds, crocodiles, and dinosaurs.
Researchers found that common odour compounds like cyclohexanone, isophorone and phenol are present in high concentrations in inflatable pool toys. These chemicals have potential health risks, including irritation and carcinogenic effects.
A new study by Scripps Research Institute reveals a key difference in the brains of alcohol-dependent and nondependent rats. Alcohol increases activity in the central amygdala through two distinct brain signaling pathways, which can be targeted for personalized treatments.
A University of Washington study suggests that monitoring and potentially treating monkeys that co-exist with humans in affected areas may be part of the global strategy for eradicating yaws, a tropical disease. The researchers found that infected monkeys were more common in regions experiencing recent upsurges in reported cases.
Researchers at the University of Waterloo have captured the first composite image of a dark matter bridge connecting galaxies. This achievement confirms predictions that galaxies are tied together through a cosmic web connected by dark matter, which has been largely undetectable until now.
In 2016, Americans spent over $16 billion on cosmetic plastic surgery, with a national average cost of $3,719 for breast augmentation. The report also highlights the increasing popularity of minimally-invasive procedures like botulinum toxin type-A injections and hyaluronic acid fillers.
A recent survey found that half of women with breast cancer who undergo genetic testing do not have high-risk mutations. This highlights the need for genetic counselors to help patients and physicians understand genetic test results. Many physicians surveyed in the study stated they manage patients with uncertain significance in the sa...
Researchers developed a clinical risk index tool to gauge future firearm violence risk among urban youth, considering peer and partner violence, community exposure, and family influences. The SaFETy score demonstrates superior predictive power, helping emergency physicians identify high-risk individuals and tailor preventative services.
Researchers extend Luttinger theorem to imbalanced fermion systems, introducing a constraint key to numerical calculations. The constraint preserves the radii of Fermi spheres, enabling separate control over up and down spin populations.
A new study published in PLOS One found a significant correlation between the consumption of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and sedentary behavior in pre-teen girls. The research also suggests a weak association between PUFA intake and diabetes risk among adult women in Europe. Researchers recommend further studies to confirm ...
Scientists found that certain electrode materials can accommodate large volume changes by transforming into a glassy phase, making them less prone to cracking. This discovery could lead to the development of longer-lived and higher-capacity batteries.
Researchers identified a key mutation in a tumor suppressor gene as the cause of a rare genetic disorder that leads to myelodysplastic syndrome. Children with this condition develop a shortage of normal blood cells due to disrupted bone marrow function.
Researchers found that polar bears use crosswind movement to detect seals, with best conditions at night during winter. Climate change projections suggest increased winds may hinder this ability, impacting hunting success.
A research team introduced a new approach to simplify and increase the potential of 4D printing, which allows high-resolution components to be designed, printed, and transformed into new permanent configurations using heat. This method saves time and materials by up to 90% and completely eliminates the mechanical programming process.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center successfully corrected Duchenne muscular dystrophy using the gene-editing enzyme CRISPR-Cpf1. The treatment restored production of the missing dystrophin protein, providing a promising new tool for treating this progressive disease.
A new paper-based device harnesses mechanical energy from body movements to charge small electronics, offering an untethered alternative to traditional batteries. The lightweight, rhombic design is capable of charging devices to 1 volt in just a few minutes.
A recent article showcases long-term international collaboration in atmospheric sciences through annotated group photographs from two workshops, separated by over 95 years. This highlights the importance of human connection in scientific research and the value of visual datasets.
Researchers found that men with lower magnesium levels had an increased risk of fractures, particularly hip fractures. Higher magnesium levels were associated with a reduced risk of fractures, with no cases reported among those with very high magnesium levels.
A new species of ancient reptile, Teleocrater rhadinus, has been described, filling a critical gap in the fossil record. The carnivorous reptile was approximately 7-10 feet in length and walked on four crocodile-like legs, challenging preconceptions about early dinosaur relatives.
Researchers at NIH's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases have identified a set of protein complexes that are recruited to viral genes to stimulate both initial infection and reactivation from latency. Environmental stresses also induce reactivation, providing new targets for the development of therapeutics.
The MyAsthma app is a smartphone tool that allows users to track and manage their asthma. It captures environmental data, tracks symptoms, and provides access to clinically validated tests to monitor asthma control. The app has the potential to improve asthma self-management, reducing attacks, hospital admissions, and healthcare visits.
A recent study from Harvard Medical School found that individuals experiencing heart attacks or cardiac arrests near major marathons are more likely to die within a month. The delays in transportation to nearby hospitals, often caused by widespread street closures during races, contribute to this increased mortality rate.
Researchers found somatic mitochondrial DNA inserts in colon and rectal cancer genomes, correlated with gene-rich segments and poorer patient survival. A novel Fiber-FISH technique rapidly maps mitochondrial DNA insertions in nuclear genomes.
A University of Kansas researcher suggests a possible therapeutic intervention for chemobrain, a cognitive impairment plaguing up to a third of cancer patients following chemotherapy. The study found that KU-32 prevents cognitive decline in rats caused by chemotherapy treatment by inducing the heat shock response.
Researchers study public knowledge about earthquake risk and building code preferences to develop effective communication strategies. The findings highlight the importance of using plain language, discussing likely outcomes, and limiting misinformation to effectively convey earthquake risk.
New night lights maps offer daily, high-definition views of Earth at night, allowing for real-time monitoring of human activities, power outages, and environmental changes. The data can aid short-term weather forecasting, disaster response, and research on urbanization and economic changes.
A 2015 NIH study analyzed daily gene activation in an Ebola patient and found a marked decline in antiviral responses before virus clearance from white blood cells. The study showed host responses shifted toward cellular and organ repair, coinciding with clinical improvement.
Researchers developed an imaging technique using hyperpolarized helium MRI to measure the effectiveness of ivacaftor for cystic fibrosis patients. The study found a dramatic increase in lung improvement with long-term treatment.
Researchers at KTU created a cheaper and more efficient organic semiconductor material, which has been licensed to Tokyo Chemical Industry. The material has similar characteristics to existing alternatives but is significantly cheaper and easier to produce.
Scientists have successfully tracked fish migration by analyzing DNA in seawater, revealing the presence or absence of several key species. This new technique allows for cheap and non-invasive sampling, potentially improving our understanding of environmental impact on local fish populations.
Researchers found that algal residue can be converted into vital chemicals, including alkyl lactate and levulinate. This process opens up new potential uses for algae biomass as a carbon resource beyond biofuels.