Researchers have identified a way to prevent graft-versus-host disease after stem cell transplants while preserving anti-cancer effects on fighting leukemia and lymphoma. By depleting specific donor T cells, the regimen may stop GVHD without subduing cancer-killing immune cells.
The updated AATS guidelines offer guidance on managing ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR), a condition associated with increased long-term mortality. For patients with severe IMR, replacement or repair of the mitral valve is considered based on specific criteria.
Researchers at University of Washington and Texas A&M University discovered a new genus and species of clingfish using digital scans. The duckbilled clingfish has an impressive number of tiny, conical teeth, estimated to be 10 times what all other known clingfish have.
A new study led by Jennifer Tjia found that training nursing home staff to recognize unmet needs of cognitively impaired residents significantly reduced antipsychotic medication use. The OASIS program shifted care planning from focusing on limitations to meeting resident needs, resulting in a 7% drop in antipsychotic prescriptions.
A new treatment strategy has been discovered for neuroinflammation related to severe type of stroke, involving the blockade of a protein called TSPO. Etifoxine, a TSPO ligand, reduced inflammation and brain edema in animal models of intracerebral hemorrhage.
A new Northwestern University study finds that teaching positive emotion skills to men with HIV reduces their viral load and improves mental health. The intervention, which consisted of eight weekly sessions, also led to increased happiness and a stronger immune system.
The University of Kentucky has been awarded a $11.2 million grant to establish a new center for cancer and metabolism research. The Center for Cancer and Metabolism will focus on understanding the link between dysfunctional metabolism and cancer, with the goal of developing novel therapies.
A new database, Virtual Microscopy Database, launches to provide high-quality images of human body structures, making it easier for educators and researchers to access and use digital microscopic images. This resource is expected to benefit schools in the developing world by reducing the need to purchase microscopes and glass slides.
Researchers developed a new photoluminescent sensor material that retains properties over time and under repeated mechanical stress. The material incorporates a stress-sensing molecule into a common polymer, allowing for efficient triggering of light emission with increasing force.
A study of California Medicaid recipients with severe mental illness found low cervical cancer screening rates, with only 20.2% screened compared to 42.3% in the general population. Younger women and those from minority groups had higher screening rates, but there was still a significant disparity in cervical cancer development risk.
The 'handshake stewardship' program, led by Sarah Parker, MD, reduced antibacterial use by 10.3%, antifungal use by 12.1%, and overall antimicrobial use by 10.9%. The program's success is attributed to daily pharmacist-physician reviews and in-person advice on antibiotic usage.
Biologists found that sets of three triplets, rather than individual codons, may be crucial for correct protein synthesis in ribosomes. This discovery could reframe cancer genetics and human genetic diseases research.
Researchers from Hokkaido University conducted microgravity experiments on the International Space Station to measure ice crystal growth rates. They found that glycoproteins in fish blood facilitate growth, but also lead to a slowing effect when flat faces are truncated by slower-growing faces.
A new study from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai suggests that the sympathetic nervous system, not macrophages, is the main driver of thermogenesis. The research team found that catecholamines released by the sympathetic nervous system can convert white fat tissue into a tissue resembling brown fat.
Researchers at UC Riverside have discovered a new battery coating that stabilizes performance, eliminates dendrite growth, and increases the lifetime of lithium-metal anodes. The coating, made with methyl viologen, can enhance battery performance by three times compared to current standards.
A University of Georgia study predicts that 13.1 million people could be displaced by rising ocean waters, with Atlanta, Houston, and Phoenix as top destinations for those forced to relocate.
Nebraska engineers have created a nano-thermal-mechanical device that allows computing at temperatures up to 630 degrees Fahrenheit. This technology has the potential to revolutionize industries such as space exploration, oil drilling, and geology by harnessing heat instead of combating it.
A comprehensive national survey of 12,000 people will examine the relationship between faith and work, as well as religious discrimination in the workplace. The study aims to understand how Christians navigate their workplaces and careers while integrating their faith.
The study found that about 42% of players experienced an epiphany, committing to playing zero after realizing it was the best choice. Participants who had epiphanies showed signs of learning, such as increased pupil dilation and attention to low numbers, before making the commit decision.
Researchers found that methionine supplementation can increase embryo survival in dairy cows and affect gene expression in ovarian follicles. Cows fed methionine had higher estrogen production and lower inflammation levels, potentially leading to faster heat cycles and improved fertility.
Scientists have identified two genetic mutations that significantly increase the risk of developing multiple sclerosis. The double gene mutation was found in a large Canadian family with five members diagnosed with MS, revealing new insights into the disease's origins and potential targets for treatment.
Researchers used 3-D prints to compare three surgical techniques for treating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and found that none provide adequate correction of the heel bone deformity. The study, funded by the Charcot-Marie-Tooth Association, was presented at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons annual meeting.
A new study from Florida State University researchers finds no significant impact of brain games on overall cognitive abilities. The team tested whether improving working memory would translate to better performance in other tasks, but found no far transfer effect.
Physicists at Washington State University have created a fluid with negative mass, defying Newton's Second Law of Motion. By cooling rubidium atoms to absolute zero, they were able to create a state where the particles behave like waves and synchronize in unison, resulting in negative mass.
The University of Texas at Arlington's Bioengineering Department has been awarded a $1 million NIH T-32 grant to train doctoral students in nanotechnology for treating cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. The program will offer collaborations with multiple departments and colleges, providing multi-disciplinary training and innovative...
Researchers discovered ancient methane-producing microbes thrived in rust-rich environments, escaping to the atmosphere and trapping heat. This finding challenges previous theories on greenhouse gas production during the early Earth's formation.
A high-sensitivity troponin T test can safely rule out myocardial infarction (MI) in patients presenting to emergency departments with possible acute coronary syndrome. The test, combined with a non-ischemic electrocardiogram, indicates low risk for MI and allows for safe discharge of patients.
MIT researchers have developed a way to make extremely high-resolution images of tissue samples, allowing scientists to see complex patterns in brain synapses and potentially map neural circuits. The new technique uses a tissue-expansion technique to boost resolution to about 25 nanometers.
A research group at Toyohashi University of Technology has developed a technology that can recognize Japanese digits and monosyllables with 90% and 60% accuracy, respectively, using brain waves. This achievement paves the way for an EEG-activated typewriter and potentially empowers handicapped individuals to regain voice communication.
Charlotte Miton and Zach Schaefer have won the Protein Society's Year 2016 Best Paper award for their research on mutational epistasis and protein structure. Their study reveals that epistasis plays a major role in constraining evolutionary trajectories, with half of fixed mutations becoming positive at later rounds of evolution.
A team of NASA scientists is using LISA Pathfinder's advanced technology to map the distribution of tiny dust particles in space. By analyzing the spacecraft's response to microscopic dust impacts, they aim to refine models used in various studies, including planet formation and impact risks for spacecraft.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine identified a pathway that drives fibrosis in many organs, including scleroderma and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Blocking the CD-47 signal reverses lung fibrosis in mice.
The BRAIN Center will focus on developing and testing neurotechnologies for a wide range of diseases and injuries, with the potential to save $400 billion in future costs. Researchers from ASU and UH, along with industry partners, will work together to speed technologies to market.
A new study using MaPSy technology identifies nearly 500 genetic mutations that cause errors in gene splicing, which can lead to diseases. The research also discovers patterns and predictions of problems, including vulnerabilities in genes and specific mutations that can be fixed.
Researchers found that TRPM8 and TRPP3 receptors can create more 'good' fat (brown adipose tissue) than 'bad' fat (white adipose tissue), potentially converting bad fat to good. This discovery has implications for treating obesity, diabetes, and related metabolic disorders.
Researchers from MIT CSAIL create an app called WaitSuite that tests users on vocabulary words during wait times, such as WiFi connectivity and email updates. The system, called "wait-learning," helps users make the most of small moments, enabling them to focus on primary tasks and learn new words simultaneously.
Researchers at The University of Texas at Austin identified four glaciers in West Greenland most susceptible to thinning due to their unique shapes. These glaciers, including Jakobshavn Isbræ and Rink Isbræ, are at risk of significant ice mass loss and contribute to future sea-level rise.
The 2017 winners of the Protein Society Awards include Dr. Billy Hudson, Dr. Lewis Kay, Dr. Juli Feigon, and others who were recognized for their groundbreaking research in protein science.
A study by NYU Langone Health found that 3.4% of US adults suffer from serious psychological distress, with 9.5% lacking health insurance and 10.5% experiencing delays in getting professional help. The research suggests a worsening mental health crisis despite increased access to care since the ACA.
Researchers uncover giant sulfur-powered shipworm with unusual energy source, living in a stinky environment where it relies on bacteria for nourishment. The discovery expands biodiversity knowledge in the Indo-Pacific region and sheds light on unique transitions between organisms.
Researchers created a time-lapse animation of the concentrative nucleoside transporter (CNT) transporting nucleosides into cells. The study provides important structural information for designing smarter, more specific anticancer and antiviral drugs.
Researchers found that young adults with autism struggle with financial management, leading to anxiety and frustration in adulthood. Implementing early financial management programs can empower them with essential skills.
Researchers found a region on chromosome 19 that represses Xist, allowing for the activation of multiple X chromosomes in female embryos. This discovery may explain the worldwide human sex ratio, which has slightly favored males over females.
Researchers found that modifying molecule structure can influence crystallization path, leading to better control over materials assembly. The discovery may lead to improved design of pharmaceuticals, energy technologies, and food products.
A NASA-funded study has identified four glaciers in West Greenland that are most susceptible to thinning due to their shape. These glaciers, including Rink Isbrae and Jakobshavn Isbrae, have already been losing mass and are expected to contribute significantly to future sea level rise.
Researchers at Harvard University created a time crystal, a periodic arrangement of atoms across time, using nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. The discovery offers insights into non-equilibrium quantum systems and may lead to new applications in precision measurement.
Researchers are exploring immune cells that normally help the body but can hinder chemotherapy's effectiveness. By understanding how these cells interact, scientists hope to create targeted therapies to preserve chemotherapy's benefits while minimizing unwanted side effects.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have created lysibodies, human-germ hybrid molecules that target specific carbohydrate molecules on bacterial cell surfaces, helping the immune system fight off microbial pathogens. The approach shows promise for treating life-threatening infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria like MRSA.
A glacier in northern Canada has retreated, triggering a geologic event that captured one river's flow and redirected it towards another. The study documents the first known case of 'river piracy' in modern times, highlighting the impact of climate change on glaciers.
Researchers at Osaka University have found that the breakdown of SEMA4D protein causes inflammation and disease in AAV patients. The study suggests that SEMA4D could be used as a new clinical marker to improve diagnosis accuracy.
New cells in retina found to directly affect biological clock by sending signals to brain region regulating daily rhythms. Disruption of circadian rhythms linked to health issues like gastrointestinal and cardiovascular disorders, depression, and cancer.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a new indoor location detection system that uses existing mobile device sensors to improve accuracy and energy efficiency. By leveraging machine learning algorithms and incorporating information from standard human movements, the system can estimate accurate locations even with noisy sensors.
The western US has seen a 2-degrees-Celsius rise in annual average temperature and lengthening of the fire season, resulting in bigger, hotter fires. Authors advocate for adaptation measures like allowing more fires to burn unimpeded and intentionally setting controlled burns to reduce natural fuels.
A recent article reviews studies on fetal exposure to antidepressants and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) during pregnancy. The analysis of 10 relevant studies found inconsistent results regarding ASDs risk associated with prenatal exposure to antidepressants.
A new study reveals that faults like the San Andreas Fault can experience prolonged 'afterslip' for six to twelve years after an earthquake, unlike a similar quake in Napa, California, which showed less afterslip. This variation makes it harder to predict post-earthquake damage and infrastructure repair needs.
A new study by Harvard University researchers suggests that people tend to view immoral actions as impossible, leading them to make more moral decisions. When given time for reflection, participants rate one-quarter of immoral actions as impossible, but with less time, they call half of them impossible.
A new study led by Georgia Tech reveals that massive landslides on Ceres are indicative of hidden ice, suggesting up to 50% of the upper layers may be composed of ice. The research uses data from NASA's Dawn spacecraft to identify three types of landslides, offering insights into Ceres' composition and structure.
Researchers found that older victims of fraud have poorer cognitive abilities in everyday activities and are less conscientious and honest. Cognitive factors, such as simple calculations and remembering events, play a crucial role in identifying and avoiding scams. The study's findings can help prevent fraud victimization in older people.
A new online genetic study called SPARK is enrolling thousands of people with autism and their families to identify the hundreds of autism genes at play. The study seeks to connect these individuals and families to research opportunities that advance the understanding of autism.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine have found that HIV persists in macrophage cells, a type of white blood cell, which has significant implications for HIV cure research. This discovery demonstrates that two types of cells may be targets for therapeutic intervention to eradicate the virus.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center developed biodegradable nanoparticles that can genetically program immune cells to recognize and destroy cancer cells. The study showed that nanoparticle-programmed immune cells, known as T cells, can rapidly clear or slow the progression of leukemia in a mouse model.
Researchers at National Research University Higher School of Economics found that repetition of nouns and verbs can enhance the syntactic priming effect. The study shows that repetition of any content word in a sentence boosts syntactic priming, with more repeated words resulting in stronger effects.
A University of Washington study shows that two leading methods for calculating the planet's response to greenhouse gas emissions are not as far apart as previously thought. The study, published in Nature Climate Change, found that recent observations support a climate sensitivity of about 2.9 degrees Celsius.
A study found that imbalances in neural pathways may contribute to repetitive behaviors in autism. Researchers discovered a key gene, SHANK3, which guides synaptic development and function, and its deficiency led to repetitive grooming behavior and social interaction deficits.
A new study found that military veterans with related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are more likely to experience post-traumatic growth, including increased appreciation of life and enhanced inner strength. Researchers discovered four groups with varying levels of post-traumatic growth, which shared common characteristics.
A Stanford-led study has developed a wearable sweat sensor that can diagnose cystic fibrosis and monitor diabetes, offering a non-invasive and real-time solution. The device collects sweat, measures its molecular constituents, and transmits the results electronically for analysis and diagnostics.
Researchers at Kobe University have clarified part of the photosynthetic reaction center mechanism, unlocking a crucial step towards artificial photosynthesis. The findings reveal the initial electric charge separation structure and its stabilization through electrostatic interaction between charges.
A team of researchers solved a medical mystery in just one day, identifying the genetic cause of intellectual disability in four male patients. They used advanced technology to search genomic databases and connect with other researchers, ultimately finding three more patients with the same condition.
Analyzing four initial diagnostic protocols for asymptomatic microscopic hematuria, researchers found that combining renal ultrasound and cystoscopy was the most cost-effective approach. This method reduced incremental cancer detection costs by $53,810 per case.
A new Yale study finds that Lyme disease causes people in the Northeast to forego 1 billion fewer trips per year, costing them about 9 hours of outdoor time annually. The total cost is estimated to be between $2.8 and $5 billion due to the large number of affected individuals.
Rice University scientists created nano-SPEARs to study synaptic behavior and degenerative diseases without harming small animals. The technique allows for high-throughput data gathering, making it possible to test multiple animals per hour.
New research suggests that electroacupuncture can activate adipose tissue metabolism and stimulate muscle contraction, leading to improved blood sugar regulation. The study found benefits for both overweight and obese women with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), offering a new possibility for managing prediabetes.
Paramedics using powered stretchers experience a significant reduction in musculoskeletal injuries, with injury rates dropping from 20 to 4.3 per 100 workers. The study suggests that the added cost of powered stretchers can be recovered within seven years due to reduced injury-related costs.
Rettsyndrome.org has funded six new research projects worth $775,000 to accelerate treatments and therapies for Rett syndrome. The projects focus on drug development and brain mechanisms underlying the disorder.
A new study shows that a high-salt diet can lead to increased hunger and muscle wasting, while also conserving water and producing more urea. This unexpected finding has significant implications for the prevention of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease.
The new ASTRO clinical practice guideline provides recommendations for the management of oropharyngeal cancer, including optimal radiation dose and fractionation schedules, chemotherapy integration, and post-operative treatment. The guideline aims to improve treatment outcomes while minimizing long-term side effects.
Dr. John Lahey has been honored with the first-ever ACGT Edward Netter Award for his contributions to cancer gene therapy. He is recognized for his strategic planning that grew student enrollment from 2,000 to nearly 10,000 students at Quinnipiac University.
A mobile sensing system developed by researchers at USC can detect conflict in relationships and send alerts or meditation prompts to reduce stress. The algorithm achieved an accuracy of up to 86% in detecting conflict episodes, using data from wearables, phones, and bio-signals.
A global clinical trial will evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a long-acting injectable HIV prevention drug, cabotegravir, compared to a daily oral pill, Truvada. The study aims to improve adherence and efficacy in high-risk men who have sex with men and transgender women.
A recent study by Cornell University's Adam Anderson found that the eyes are crucial for emotional communication, with specific features like eye openness and eyebrow distance revealing mental states.
Researchers at Rice University found that gourmet food trucks in Houston cooperate to meet central tendencies, such as good ingredients and cleanliness, while competing to strive for ideal prototypes like the best food. This cooperation leads to new firms entering the market and improves the group's excellence.
A recent study found that cover crops can mitigate climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing soil carbon sequestration. The research suggests that cover cropping can be an effective adaptive management tool to maintain yields and minimize nitrogen losses as the climate warms.
Researchers found that competition among grazers, such as herbivorous fishes and algae, structures the space use patterns and feeding behaviors of bulletheads. The study suggests that predation risk has a limited impact on prey foraging behaviors in areas with high levels of competition.
The LifeCourse model fulfills the Triple Aim by addressing patients' medical and non-medical needs during late-stage care. Analysis of 900 intervention and usual care patients shows significant improvements in cost reduction and quality of life.
Tropical Cyclone Maarutha formed quickly and strengthened into a tropical storm in the Northern Indian Ocean. The storm made landfall in Burma (Myanmar) on April 16, dropping high rainfall totals in south central Myanmar. Remnants of the cyclone were dissipating over land by April 17.
The study provides detailed insights into the function of IP3R, a molecular train station controlling cell functions. The new crystal structure reveals how IP3 signals trigger the opening of the Ca2+ channel, shedding light on long-range communication mechanisms.
A new study suggests that hydroxyl radicals, a key component of the atmosphere, are behind unexplained recent increases in methane levels. Fluctuations in hydroxyl concentrations correlate strongly with fluctuations in methane, and changes in hydroxyl availability govern the amount of methane in the atmosphere.
Scientists from Linköping University successfully applied an ion pump device to a small flowering plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, allowing them to control root growth and auxin response. This breakthrough enables localized application of hormones to study their impact on plant growth and development at tissue and cellular resolution.
NASA's Terra satellite captured a visible image of Tropical Cyclone 02W's remnants in the South China Sea on April 17, revealing an elongated area of clouds. The remnant low pressure area weakened after passing over Eastern Visayas and the Philippines, with wind shear preventing re-intensification.
A new paper investigates an alternative possibility: a rise and fall in the concentration of the hydroxyl radical, which destroys methane in the atmosphere. The team's findings suggest that emissions may have risen more gradually over the last couple of decades.
Researchers developed a technique to efficiently control light in waveguides by decorating them with nano-antennas, achieving record-small footprints and broad wavelength ranges. This innovation has the potential to transform optical communications and signal processing, enabling faster and more powerful optical chips.
A study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals that termite gut efficiently breaks down lignin, a hard-to-degrade polymer. The termites' symbiotic system with fungus breaks down biomass in just 3.5 hours, holding a key to improving biofuel and paper production.
Researchers identified a new form of blackhat search engine optimization targeting local listing services like Google Maps. Scammers exploit location-based search to make fake businesses appear in users' searches.
Researchers Melissa Skala and Matthew Vander Heiden won a $250,000 award to study the interaction between tumor cells and healthy supporting cells in pancreatic cancer. The project aims to create molecular changes that shut down the tumor's ability to scavenge nutrients, potentially leading to a new type of metabolic cancer therapy.
A study found that South Carolina hospitals that completed a voluntary program to implement the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist had a 22% reduction in post-surgical deaths compared to non-participating hospitals. The checklist improved patient safety by promoting operating room communication and coordination.
Researchers found that consuming more salt led to reduced water intake and conserved body water by triggering a mechanism in the kidneys. The study suggests that urea plays a crucial role in maintaining proper water balance and challenges previous assumptions about its function.
Researchers at the University of Basel have created a treatment approach using customized synthetic glycopolymers that act as molecular sponges to neutralize disease-causing antibodies. This innovative method has potential applications for treating other antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases.