A University of Kansas researcher found that well owners in Kansas use more water during droughts due to their ability to irrigate crops. Unlike non-well owners, who cut back on water usage, well owners tap into the aquifer to sustain crops during dry years.
Researchers sequenced and compared apple genomes to reveal a two-way journey for domesticated apples along the Silk Road. The study pinpointed the origin of domesticated apples in Kazakhstan and discovered that they hybridized with local wild apples, yielding modern dessert apples.
A recent study found that gaining distribution in small retail formats, such as Save-A-Lot and Aldi, can lead to significantly higher sales increases compared to larger assortment stores. The study, published in Marketing Science, analyzed data from Systembolaget, a Swedish state-owned monopoly, and found that a 10% widening in retail ...
Clinical studies supporting FDA approval of high-risk medical device modifications were found to be methodologically poor, with many lacking randomization and blinding.
Research finds that human activities such as urbanization and forest fragmentation alter fruit bat habitats, increasing the risk of Hendra virus transmission to humans. The study highlights the importance of preserving ecosystem integrity and habitat suitability to mitigate this risk.
Researchers identified pheromone receptors in a primitive moth species that also respond to plant volatiles, suggesting an evolutionary link between sex pheromones and plant odor detection.
A new study by NYU's Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development found that children whose parents provide them with learning materials and engage in meaningful conversations develop early cognitive skills that cascade into later academic success. The study tracked the influence of early home learning environments on...
Researchers discovered a potential broad-spectrum antiviral by inhibiting the EZH2/1 complex, which suppressed HSV infection and reactivation in mice. The treatment also showed promise against other viruses, including human cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, and Zika virus.
Biomedical engineers have grown miniature human blood vessels exhibiting symptoms of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome, an extremely rare genetic disease. The technology will help doctors screen potential therapeutics more rapidly, with the goal of creating a personalized screening platform.
Researchers at Caltech simulated earthquakes in a lab to measure dynamic friction and its impact on seismic events. They found that slip velocity is the key factor in dynamic friction, contradicting previous assumptions.
Researchers project a significant increase in harmful algal blooms in US freshwater reservoirs and lakes due to climate change. The study predicts that the biggest impact will be felt by recreation areas in the Southeast, with more rural regions also affected.
Researchers developed a nanosensor to detect herbicides and their target enzymes, crucial for environmental monitoring. The Atomic Force Microscope cantilever proved suitable for precise detection of environmental contaminants.
Researchers have developed a more precise way of diagnosing suicide risk by identifying biomarkers in blood that change in concert with changes in suicidal thoughts. A refined set of biomarkers applies universally to predict risk of suicide among both male and female patients, while others are specific to diagnoses and genders.
The University of Nevada, Reno is starting a drilling campaign to test its geothermal exploration strategies in the Great Basin region. The project aims to identify new, economically viable geothermal systems and reduce risks for commercial electricity production.
A study using liquid biopsies found distinct genomic profiles in 99.7% of patients with CUP, harboring potentially targetable alterations. These findings suggest that liquid biopsies can guide treatment response in this patient population.
A new species of damselfly, Mesosticta davidattenboroughi, has been discovered in mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber and named after Sir David Attenborough. The fossil is extremely well-preserved, showing a complete set of wings, and provides new insights into the past appearance of a rare group of damselflies.
Research by University of Kansas sociologist Ruth Stamper finds that local food systems in Kansas and Missouri help disparate groups build relationships, bridging moral orders and environmental ideologies. Through shared sustainable farming knowledge and education, farmers from diverse backgrounds find common ground.
Researchers found that plants growing in dry climates have higher concentrations of leaf wax, a natural protective barrier. The team bred winter wheat cultivars with increased wax production, which enabled them to tolerate drought and produce high yields.
A meta-analysis published in PLOS Medicine found that gabapentinoids have no significant improvement in pain relief for chronic low back pain, and may even worsen symptoms. The study analyzed findings from 8 randomized controlled trials and identified significant risks of adverse events such as dizziness and visual disturbances.
Muller Fabbri's research focuses on targeting immune cells contributing to disease progression in neuroblastoma. He aims to identify new molecular targets to prevent and overcome cancer resistance to treatment.
The PCORI Board approved $10 million for two studies to compare strategies for reducing unsafe opioid prescribing and improving pain management. The studies will focus on Medicaid payer strategies and healthcare provider interventions to expand non-opioid approaches, with the goal of providing evidence-based information to improve pati...
Scientists at the John Innes Centre have produced a new vaccine against poliovirus using virus-like particles grown in plants. The vaccine uses a method that employs virus-like particles (VLPs) - non-pathogenic mimics of poliovirus which are grown in plants.
Researchers discovered that targeting arginase 2, an enzyme involved in nitrogen metabolism, can curb the growth of pancreatic tumors, especially in obese individuals. The study suggests a novel approach to treating this deadly cancer, with potential for improved survival rates and therapeutic windows.
Researchers found that compounds from the desert creosote bush exhibit powerful anti-parasitic effects, particularly against Giardia and Naegleria fowleri. The study offers a promising lead for developing new antimicrobial agents to combat deadly parasitic infections.
Researchers developed a genome sequencing method that can detect clinically relevant mutations using just 5 circulating tumor cells. The technique, known as long fragment read (LFR), is more comprehensive than gene panels and can analyze the entire genomic content of small numbers of cells.
A new study finds that same-sex couples do not influence their adopted children's gender identity development, with typical behavior emerging from early childhood. The research suggests that family structure has little impact on gender conformity or nonconformity.
A study by the University of Kent found no correlation between social influence and personal autonomy, suggesting that increased power actually diminishes feelings of freedom. The researchers also discovered a lack of personal power correlates with a lack of social power.
Research published by Chapman University found that transgender students in California are at a higher risk of substance use compared to their non-transgender peers. The study showed that transgender students were more than two times more likely to engage in substance use throughout their lifetimes.
University of Groningen scientists have developed a graphene-based device that can inject and detect electron spins with unprecedented efficiency, increasing the spin signal by a hundredfold. The discovery has significant implications for the development of spin transistors and spin-based logic.
Researchers propose that environmental factors play a significant role in shaping gender-specific traits, rather than solely genetic inheritance. This idea challenges the long-held assumption that biological sex directly influences behavior.
A new study shows significant improvement in sexual and urinary function as well as quality of life for hypogonadal men undergoing long-term testosterone replacement therapy. Testosterone therapy is found to increase bladder emptying, improve erectile/sexual health and overall quality of life.
A new analysis of care needs in England from 1991 and 2011 reveals an increase in years spent with substantial care needs for older adults. By 2025, an estimated 191000 more people will require medium dependency care, leading to a need for an additional 71000 care home places.
Researchers discovered that intestinal cells use a strategy to increase protein production within minutes of food entering the intestines, enabling fast and efficient processing. This approach has potential medical implications for diseases such as colitis, Crohn's disease, and bowel cancer.
Researchers have made a groundbreaking discovery, finding that an amino acid called methionine may play a crucial role in the development of schizophrenia. Excess methionine during pregnancy has been shown to alter fetal brain development, leading to changes in gene expression and potentially life-long consequences.
The discovery of two new beetle genera and four new species from the Australopacific Region highlights the diversity of saprinine hister beetles. The newly described insects feature interesting morphologies and ecologies, with some species dependent on ants or termites for survival.
Researchers designed a therapeutic fusion protein that triggers increased S1P receptor activity, recovering blood vessel health in mice with various vascular diseases. The combination of ApoM-Fc and S1P reduced blood pressure and mitigated tissue damage.
A retrospective study of nearly 1,100 patients with severe TBI found that ICP monitoring was associated with a significant decrease in mortality rates, but no improvement in favorable outcomes. The study also showed that ICP monitoring was linked to more aggressive therapy.
Researchers are developing a networked airborne computing platform to facilitate the use of unmanned aerial systems (UAVs) for civilian applications. The platform will enable real-time data sharing and faster mission response times, increasing safety and efficiency.
Researchers have discovered how glutamine controls gene programs in cells, revealing a new mechanism of differentiation and gene regulation. This finding has significant implications for understanding developmental biology, the immune response, and cancer dysregulation.
Dr. Dasgupta is recognized for his work improving public health globally, including a new method for measuring blood in dry blood spot analysis and an implantable shunt flow monitoring system for hydrocephalus patients. He has also made significant contributions to environmental and astrochemical research.
University at Buffalo researchers have developed a method to compare human and rodent cells, providing insight into gene expression patterns conserved across species. This approach identified a new gene involved in myelin repair that may become a therapeutic target for MS patients.
Researchers found that wood frogs with pesticide tolerance are more susceptible to a deadly virus and a parasitic worm, while those far from agriculture have reduced susceptibility. This study highlights the complexity of pesticide-parasite interactions and the need to consider multiple stressors in environmental conservation.
A recent study found that while marijuana use amongst youth has remained relatively unchanged, admissions to substance abuse treatment facilities have increased. Researchers attribute this rise to a heightened perception of high-risk behavior among young people, particularly as states legalize marijuana.
Astronomers have discovered a unique lensing system that provides the best view yet of blobs of hot gas streaming from supermassive black holes. The discovery allows scientists to see these clumps closer to the central engine of the black hole and in greater detail than before.
A new study by Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso researchers explores the impact of prior West Nile virus exposure on Zika infection. The team collected blood samples from 500 individuals and tested for West Nile antibodies to determine whether previous exposure could inhibit or enhance Zika infection severity.
The Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute's Board approved $115 million to fund 20 comparative clinical effectiveness research (CER) studies on various conditions. These studies will investigate the most effective approaches to care planning, opioid prescribing, palliative care and more.
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia will lead a collaborative effort to discover causes of childhood cancer and structural birth defects using big data. A centralized database and discovery portal will be created to share well-curated clinical and genetic sequence data from dozens of cohorts, comprising thousands of patients.
A study by FAU researchers found that men tend to be more aggressive than women in competitive situations, while team players exhibit less aggression. Cortisol levels also decreased in participants exhibiting aggressive behavior.
Scientists have tracked a solar storm using data from 10 NASA and ESA spacecraft, shedding light on how coronal mass ejections (CMEs) move through space. The study provides key information for understanding space weather effects on the solar system.
A three-year NSF grant will fund a comprehensive assessment of how invasive non-native grasses alter fire patterns and carbon storage across the contiguous US. The researchers aim to quantify changes in carbon stocks associated with invasion and fire, providing new insights on managing fire-prone invasive grasses.
Researchers measured the effect of low-level mercury concentrations on microalga gene expression, revealing widespread deregulation of genes involved in various processes. This study provides insight into the environmental and public health implications of mercury's entry into the food chain.
EZH2/1 inhibitors, used in cancer clinical trials, have activity against a variety of viruses, including HSV. These compounds suppress viral gene expression and induce antiviral pathways.
A new study found that patients who responded to ketamine treatment had increased early morning activity and lower evening activity levels. Altered circadian timekeeping systems may mediate ketamine's effects on mood.
A recent study published in JAMA found that many studies supporting changes to high-risk medical devices are poorly designed and lack rigor. The researchers analyzed 83 supplement approvals for these devices and found similar problems with data quality and analysis procedures as seen in premarket approval studies.
Tropical Storm Gert strengthened into a hurricane, generating intense rainfall and dangerous surf along the US East coast. The storm's eastern side showed the most intense rainfall rates, with some areas reaching over 3.5 inches per hour.
Researchers have developed a new learning algorithm that mimics the human brain's ability to forget unimportant memories, enabling computers to learn and forget in a proper way. This technology, called organismoids, uses quantum materials to create devices that can adapt and change their behavior over time.
Researchers found that high levels of silicon concentrations decrease insect growth and root consumption by up to 71%. Silicon helps plants build phytoliths, making them less digestible to insects, and triggering an immune system response. This natural defense mechanism could provide a sustainable solution for crop protection.
New research from Iowa State University found that police officers' accuracy in detecting concealed weapons or threats is only slightly better than chance. The study's findings highlight the need for better training and research-based approaches to threat detection.
Scientists confirm weathering of rocks is key to planet's recovery from extreme temperatures, enabling life to thrive for over 4 billion years. However, rapid global warming poses a threat to this recovery process, highlighting the need for urgent action.
A study found that patient empowerment tools can improve hand hygiene compliance among healthcare providers. However, only half of physicians support patients reminding them to perform hand hygiene, citing concerns about the patient-doctor relationship.