A study found that specific genetic mutations and inherited genes may contribute to hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Mutations in certain parts of an individual's genetic makeup were identified, with some variations being inherited from parents.
Researchers found high sodium and selenium levels in soil and airborne particulate matter from the Salton Sea, posing negative ecological and health risks. The study highlights the need for monitoring and remediation efforts to mitigate dust emissions from the shrinking lake.
Researchers found that black women are more likely to have aggressive breast cancer subtypes, such as basal-like and HER2-enriched tumors. The study suggests that genomic testing could help explain the disparity in survival rates between black and white women with breast cancer.
A team of NASA scientists and engineers has developed a miniaturized version of a century-old technology to probe the ionosphere. The Concentration vs. Height for an Orbiting Electromagnetic Sounder (ECHOES) device uses digital signal processing to analyze radio wave signals and determine electron density in the ionosphere.
A team of astronomers identified a relatively unpopulated region of the main asteroid belt containing pristine relics from early solar system history. They also discovered the oldest known asteroid family extending throughout the inner region of the main asteroid belt.
A team of international researchers developed a bioprinted 3D vascularized liver tissue model that mimics in vivo drug administration, providing a more accurate system for drug toxicity testing. The new model's endothelial layer delays drug diffusion response, offering a potential mechanism to optimize drug absorption.
New research by Dick Startz suggests that achieving the global temperature goals laid out in the Paris Climate Agreement is unlikely, with a 95% chance of temperatures increasing by more than 2 degrees Celsius by 2100.
A new study synthesizes advances in animal coloration research, including digital imaging and large-scale comparative analyses, revealing the complex biological trait's function and patterns of evolution. Key findings include understanding how animals perceive and produce color, as well as its integration with other sensory information.
Researchers have developed a novel method to treat addiction using optogenetically-inspired deep-brain stimulation, which could provide continued benefits and improve on existing treatments. The method targets brain circuits responsible for addiction and shows promise in animal models.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have discovered that methotrexate, an arthritis drug, shows promise in treating Polycythemia Vera, a type of blood cancer affecting 3,000 people annually. The treatment has been shown to suppress JAK/STAT pathway activation and normalise blood counts in mice models.
Recent technological advances enable researchers to study animal coloration more comprehensively. The authors of a review article highlight recent progress and set out key questions for the future, shedding light on evolutionary processes and the intricacies of function.
A recent study found that air travel is significantly linked to the spread of dengue viruses in Asia. The analysis of genetic sequences revealed that three serotypes were most associated with air traffic.
A new study published by a Lancaster University-led team warns that phosphorus losses will increase unless major changes are made to agricultural practices. Climate change will lead to warmer winters, resulting in more phosphorus transferred from agricultural land into rivers and oceans.
New research reveals coloration's significance in individual survival and reproduction, influencing camouflage, mate choice, and social signaling. The study also explores the evolution of color production and perception across species.
Researchers found that people tend to believe others will come around to their point of view over time, leading to diminished likelihood of taking action. The study's findings shed light on causes and consequences of political polarization across cultures.
Researchers studied zebrafish to understand how early life affects brain development and behavior in adults, finding that visual environment influences spontaneous brain activity. Dark rearing also reduced the larvae's ability to catch prey, suggesting environmental input impacts brain wiring and behavior.
Researchers discovered a massive storm system near Neptune's equator, about 1/3 the size of Neptune's radius, with bright clouds forming at low latitudes. This unexpected feature was observed during twilight and is thought to be linked to high-pressure dark vortex systems.
A team of scientists has made a groundbreaking discovery about the RNA interference (RNAi) machinery, revealing that it can multiply its effect on repressing gene expression. This process is essential for cell survival and regulation of genetic activity.
A new study tracks natural selection in green anole lizards that survived a record-breaking winter in Texas, revealing a shift towards more robustness against cold weather. The research provides valuable insights into how extreme weather events affect natural populations and the evolution of species.
A new study reveals the elemental composition of the Sun's corona is strongly linked to its 11-year solar magnetic activity cycle. This discovery suggests that changes in magnetic activity may influence the heating of the Sun's corona, and potentially other star atmospheres.
Scientists used isotope signatures to determine where Myrtle warblers breed during the summer, finding they migrate from Vancouver's Pacific Coast to these high latitude areas. This discovery highlights adaptations for longer migrations and potentially genetic influences on migration routes.
Researchers found that presenting a large amount of information is suitable for recalling interchangeable behaviors, but relatively few recommendations are best for remembering key, complete sets of recommendations.
Researchers develop noninvasive method to gauge cell stiffness, a key indicator of diseases like cancer and asthma. By analyzing particles' movements at high frame rates, scientists can determine a cell's mechanical properties without direct contact.
A research team has secured funding to develop the first early detection system to locate invasive non-native species and harmful components of ships' ballast water. The system combines surveillance and risk-based monitoring to mitigate threats to human health and the environment.
Researchers discovered that older adults with a diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment or mild stage Alzheimer's disease dementia reported lower quality of life compared to those without a diagnosis. The study also found that awareness of worsening prognosis had a negative impact on daily life satisfaction.
A Norwegian study found that increasing Body Mass Index above one unit from first to second pregnancy drastically increases the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Women with BMI less than 25 in first pregnancy showed a strongest risk associated with weight gain, while overweight women who reduced their BMI by more ...
A new method for monitoring organ transplant patients has been developed using a combination of DNA sequencing and computer science techniques. The method, which detects cell-free DNA in the bloodstream, can predict organ rejection with accuracy similar to that of biopsies.
The COHERENT Collaboration, led by UChicago physicists, detects elusive neutrino-nucleus scattering using a compact detector. This finding confirms the theory predicted four decades ago and has implications for understanding neutrino properties and the search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles.
Researchers at the University of Chicago have developed a novel gene therapy approach that uses skin transplants to treat type-2 diabetes and obesity. The method uses CRISPR technology to deliver a hormone that stimulates insulin production, reducing blood glucose levels and promoting weight loss.
A Phase II clinical trial found that an injectable antiretroviral treatment was as effective as standard oral therapy in suppressing viral loads in HIV patients. The treatment, which involves a combination of carbotegravir and rilpivirine injected every 4 or 8 weeks, showed improved adherence rates and quality of life for patients.
A study found that green anole lizards in the south developed greater resistance to cold temperatures after a severe winter, similar to their northern counterparts. The population showed significant genetic divergence in response to the extreme weather event.
Researchers at the University of Portsmouth have identified two molecules, CD15s and CD62E, that play a key role in brain tumor cells binding to blood vessels. By blocking these molecules, it may be possible to prevent brain tumors from developing in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
Marriages with significant spousal age gaps experience declining marital satisfaction over time, particularly after 6-10 years. Couples with large age gaps are more susceptible to economic shocks, leading to increased marital dissatisfaction.
Typhoon Noru has developed high clouds that have filled its eye, according to NASA data captured on August 3. The storm is forecast to make landfall along the western central coast of Kyushu, Japan in three days.
A new study shows that a particular gut microbe can prevent severe flu infections in mice by breaking down flavonoids, which are commonly found in foods like black tea and blueberries. The research identifies a specific metabolite called desaminotyrosine that enhances interferon signaling, reducing lung damage from flu infection.
The Dark Energy Survey (DES) collaboration has made the most accurate measurement ever made of the present large-scale structure of the universe. The new result rivals the precision of cosmic microwave background measurements, supporting the theory that dark matter and dark energy make up 26% and 70% of the cosmos, respectively.
Advanced statistical modeling tools can analyze large electronic health records to inform medical decisions and develop individualized treatments for high-risk patients. The methods leverage machine learning and flexible models to draw valid inference from representative populations.
The study found that 36 million people worldwide are blind, with the greatest burden in developing countries in south, east, and southeast Asia. By 2050, this number is projected to increase to almost 115 million, highlighting the need for increased efforts to alleviate vision impairment.
In the wake of Charlie Gard's high-profile court case, Professor Dominic Wilkinson emphasizes the need for fair, accurate, and balanced discussion in cases involving life-prolonging treatment. One potential solution is to allow medical professionals to make public the medical evidence on which they are basing their decisions.
A study published in mSphere reveals that three Klebsiella species can cause severe infections in hospital patients, with all three sharing genes that confer resistance to commonly used antibiotics. This finding expands the understanding of Klebsiella infections and highlights the need for new treatments.
Researchers at the California Academy of Sciences used genetic information gathered from their vast mammal collection to elevate a subspecies of giant sengi to full species status. The team discovered that a white-tailed subspecies was genetically distinct enough to be recognized as a separate species.
The loss of stream habitat in the Great Plains region is changing the fish community, with several species declining or disappearing. The reduction of groundwater sources has led to a transformation of the fish community, shifting from large, free-flowing rivers to small streams with isolated habitats.
Researchers have developed a new class of anti-cancer agents targeting cancer cells' 'Achilles' heel', improving outcomes for aggressive triple negative and HER2-positive breast cancers. The treatment, S63845, was found to be highly effective when combined with standard therapies.
Researchers found that trend-based methods identified high-risk species with declining populations, while trait-based methods showed little pattern. The study highlights the importance of long-term monitoring and caution when using historical data for climate change risk assessments.
Scientists have found that human-induced and natural earthquakes in the central US share similar ground motions, allowing existing prediction frameworks to be applied to both types. This simplifies hazard assessment and could lead to improved building design and infrastructure resilience.
Researchers have developed a hybrid rigid-soft robotic arm for endoscopes with integrated sensing, flexibility, and multiple degrees of freedom. The device is powered by water and features a suction cup-inspired mechanism to safely interact with tissue.
The study analyzed ancient DNA from remains of 19 individuals and compared their genomes to over 330 other ancient genomes and 2,600 present-day humans. It found that Minoans and Mycenaeans were genetically similar, descending mainly from early Neolithic farmers who migrated thousands of years prior to the Bronze Age from Anatolia.
Scientists have obtained and analyzed genome sequences from ancient Minoans and Mycenaeans, shedding light on their origins and relationships. The research suggests that the Minoans and Mycenaeans share a significant amount of genetic heritage from the first farmers of the Aegean Sea.
Charuhas Thakar, a leading expert on acute kidney injury (AKI), has addressed the treatment challenges of AKI as a guest editor for the Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease Journal. Thakar emphasizes the need to view AKI not only as a patient-centric issue but also as a systems quality issue that affects the entire healthcare system.
The Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging recognized Robert E. Henkin, MD, for his 30-year dedication to the field of nuclear medicine, while John M. Hoffman, MD, was honored for his expertise in molecular imaging research and leadership roles in the SNMMI Clinical Trials Network.
The University of Oklahoma offers an NSF Undergraduate Research Program in Structural Biology, providing students with a nine-week research experience. The program helps students develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills through presentations and poster sessions.
Researchers suggest that reversing excitation-inhibition imbalance could alleviate autism symptoms, particularly hyperactivity and social deficits. A mouse model study shows reducing excitatory to inhibitory signaling counters these issues.
Researchers from MIT and Google developed a machine-learning system that can retouch images in real-time, producing visually indistinguishable results from existing algorithms. The system processes low-resolution images, reducing time and energy consumption, and can be applied to a range of styles, including high-dynamic-range images.
Men with problem and pathological gambling addictions are more likely to have suffered childhood trauma, including physical abuse or witnessing violence in the home. The study found that nearly a quarter of those with probable pathological gambling problems had witnessed violence at home as a child.
A study found that ONC201 alters the gene expression of cancer stem cells before killing tumor cells, providing a potential biomarker for response. This effect was not observed in resistant cells, suggesting a predictive gene expression signature may help forecast treatment outcomes.
A study published in PLOS ONE identified the progression of Lafora disease, a devastating form of epilepsy that affects up to 50 young children worldwide. Collaboration with dog owners helped researchers develop effective treatment for both humans and canines.
Researchers have found compelling evidence for a stratosphere on the enormous planet WASP-121b, hot enough to boil iron. The discovery was made using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope and indicates a strong stratosphere on this gas giant exoplanet.
A team of researchers developed a novel biosensor to track drug uptake in cells, overcoming previous limitations. The sensors use fluorescent proteins to monitor drug presence and can be tailored for various enzymes of interest to the pharmaceutical industry.
Scientists develop a phononic crystal structure that can steer and guide surface acoustic waves, or 'nanoquakes,' in devices. The breakthrough could pave the way for lab-on-a-chip biosensors and earthquake protection.
A team of Vanderbilt University researchers has worked out the molecular details of Yatakemycin (YTM), a potent bacterial toxin that prevents DNA replication. The study reveals how YTM stabilizes DNA, making it resistant to repair mechanisms, and could be used to fine-tune its antimicrobial properties.