Researchers at the University of Kent and Bristol have built a miniature scaffold inside bacteria, enabling efficient production of chemicals and biofuels. The technology, which can increase alcohol production by over 200%, has significant implications for the next generation of biofuel production.
Researchers created an injectable dye that illuminates molecules with near infrared light, making it easier to track disease progression and study biological processes. The novel Washington Red dye has potential applications in various medical fields.
A research team has developed a model that predicts biodiversity on the Antarctic seafloor using satellite data and ocean currents. The model's predictions have been verified by physical sampling of seafloor sediments, providing valuable insights for conservation and management.
Researchers from Ural Federal University and Russian Academy of Sciences developed new methods to treat type 1 diabetes by using anti-diabetic chemical compounds. The study showed that these compounds can help reduce glucose levels and increase insulin production in lab rats with diabetes.
Researchers identify Protein Daple as crucial for both single-cell and organ-wide directionality in hair cells of the inner ear. Without Daple, mice exhibit developmental defects in hair bundles, affecting sound wave detection and processing.
A study published in The BMJ found that fatal motorcycle accidents increased by 5% on nights with a full moon and 32% under a supermoon, highlighting the importance of safe driving and reducing distractions. The researchers analyzed data from the United States, UK, Canada, and Australia to reach their conclusions.
Dr Catherine Bell suggests that exposure to Peppa Pig may encourage patients to seek unnecessary medical attention and visits. She analyzes three case studies, highlighting the potential impact of the show on patient behavior and primary care services.
A software program can accurately predict tumor-specific markers on leukemia cells in patients who have received stem cell transplants. The researchers plan to use their findings to develop immune-based therapies that target these antigens.
Researchers identify build-up of urea in brain as major cause of dementia, with potential for early diagnosis and treatment. The study suggests that high brain urea levels may be a pivotal role in all types of age-related dementias.
A new review study suggests that nicotine replacement therapy is safer for pregnant women than smoking and should be recommended to more pregnant patients who are not able to quit on their own. The therapy can improve smoking cessation rates by up to 40 percent, even if the user receives less nicotine than while smoking.
Researchers developed an antibody called 15D11 that blocks Jagged1, a molecule making it easier for breast cancer cells to metastasize to bone. The antibody allows chemotherapy to keep cancer at bay by eliminating the protective effect of rebuilders in bone tissue.
Researchers found that socio-demographic factors such as income level, education, and insurance status significantly impact access to stem cell transplants for patients with multiple myeloma. Higher-income Whites and Blacks, and those with private insurance, were more likely to receive the treatment.
A new statistical method, ADGN, matches multiple records with precision and identifies the scope of discrimination when applied to voter ID laws. The research found that white registered voters are significantly more likely to possess a voter ID than African-American or Hispanic voters.
Researchers from the University of Würzburg have developed a new set of rules for creating optical antennas that can precisely control photon creation and emission direction. This breakthrough has the potential to enable tiny, multifunctional light pixels and reliable single-photon sources for quantum computers and optical microscopes.
A new clinical trial found that combining oral immunotherapy with omalizumab increased the speed and safety of treating multiple food allergies in children. The study showed significant efficacy and safety improvements, allowing patients to tolerate more foods without severe reactions.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a water cloaking concept that uses electromagnetic forces to eliminate an object's wake and drag. By matching the acceleration of the surrounding water to an object's movement, it is theoretically possible to greatly increase propulsion efficiency while leaving the surrounding sea undisturbed.
Research suggests that warmer spring temperatures can reduce the likelihood of mixed breeding between collared flycatchers and pied flycatchers. This allows for cohabitation and reduces competitive exclusion, which can help prevent extinction. Warmer springs enable species to adapt differently to environmental changes.
A team of MGH researchers has identified a genetic change that may cause the rare neurological disorder XDP, which combines features of dystonia and Parkinson's disease. The discovery reveals that a DNA sequence change, including an insertion of a retrotransposon, is correlated with the age of onset for the disease.
Cassini spacecraft data reveals Saturn's rings casting shadows in ionized particles, affecting the planet's ionosphere. The dynamic ionosphere is structured on small scales and shows surprising variability, with possible explanations including ring rain, solar radiation, or magnetic field interactions.
A study suggests that online social networks can help individuals with social anxiety reach out to others without feeling overwhelmed. Participants who felt socially apprehensive were more likely to use microblogging as a means of communication.
Scientists at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam found that averaging all estimates yields significant accuracy gains, especially when considering multiple people. Taking the average of estimates from different individuals is a more effective approach for good decision-making than relying on personal expertise.
The study highlights successful private businesses that implemented pollution reduction initiatives, such as carbon capture and storage technologies. Experts recommend shifting financial focus to improving public transport infrastructure to reduce CO2 emissions.
A new clinical trial shows that combining omalizumab with oral immunotherapy increases the ability of children with multiple food allergies to safely consume allergenic foods. The treatment resulted in over 80% of children being able to eat at least two grams of two or more foods without adverse reactions.
Researchers studied a nanometric circuit exhibiting quantum effects due to its small scale, revealing how electrons can transit directly or via a cavity, leading to peaks and troughs in conductance values. The study provides a natural explanation for observed phenomena, shedding light on the behavior of electrons in such circuits.
A team of researchers from the University of Bristol has successfully transplanted genetically modified olfactory ensheathing cells that secrete a treatment enzyme, promoting nerve regrowth in rodent models of spinal cord injury. This approach may potentially lead to improved recovery and functional restoration for individuals with sev...
Farouk El-Baz, a NASA scientist and geologist, will receive the 2018 Inamori Ethics Prize for his pioneering work in applying space images to groundwater exploration in arid lands. His research has led to the discovery of critical groundwater resources worldwide.
Researchers found that limiting a nutrient used by malaria parasites can prevent the emergence of drug-resistant strains. This ecological approach shows promise for controlling drug resistance in infections like tuberculosis and malaria.
Researchers report remarkable benefits from new therapies for bleeding and clotting disorders, including emicizumab's high effectiveness in preventing bleeds in children with hemophilia A. Additionally, a gene therapy treatment provides durable improvement in clotting factor levels and long-term protection from bleeds.
PharmaMar's plitidepsin demonstrated improved progression-free survival and overall survival compared to dexamethasone alone, with a significant reduction in the risk of progression. The study also showed better quality of life evolution and a novel mechanism of action that targets eEF1A2 protein.
A study predicts that global wind power resources may decrease in the Northern Hemisphere's mid-latitudes and increase in the Southern Hemisphere and tropics by 2100. However, if emission levels are mitigated, wind power production in these regions may not see a corresponding increase.
A new therapy called Social Recovery Therapy has shown promising results in helping young people with schizophrenia to reconnect and engage with the world around them. The therapy involves identifying personally meaningful goals and setting up day-to-day achievable activities, significantly increasing social interaction.
The study found that increased cell death is linked to elevated levels of three death receptor family members, TNFR-1, TRAILR-2, and Fas. High blood sugar and fats subject blood vessels and insulin-producing cells to stress, triggering a cell suicide program.
Researchers at George Mason University and the University of South Carolina found that heterosexual-discordant women are less happy about their births due to relationship pressures and societal expectations. The study highlights a gap in understanding birth happiness among sexual minority women, particularly those who prefer women.
A new study by University of Minnesota researchers found that bacteria in lakes with high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus are less able to absorb additional nutrients, which can lead to water quality issues and climate implications. This means that excess nutrients in lakes can have a catastrophic effect on ecosystems.
A study by Rice University researchers found that soil charcoal behaves differently than other forms of soil carbon, becoming more patchy and concentrated in low-lying areas. Charcoal's benefits as a soil amendment include reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide and improving crop productivity.
A new study reveals complex associations between early marriage and women's education, health, and nutrition, which go beyond the impacts of early childbearing. Increased education has had some success in delaying girls' marriage, but more needs to be done to address the root causes of this issue.
CAR T-cell therapies have demonstrated durable remission and survival rates of over 59% for patients with refractory NHL. Researchers found that sustained responses were consistent across long-term follow-up analyses, suggesting potential for these therapies as the standard of care for hematologic malignancies.
Researchers tracked bumblebee flight paths and found they refined routes to reduce travel distance, providing insights into route optimization in logistics and robotics. The study's large dataset offers a unique understanding of how animals solve spatial problems.
Researchers from NC State University have found a simpler way to deposit magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles onto silica-coated gold nanorods, creating multifunctional nanoparticles with useful magnetic and optical properties. The new technique uses an approach called heteroaggregation, resulting in highly uniform nanoparticles that can ...
Researchers found non-progression during treatment correlates with gains in health-related quality of life in metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma patients. The study demonstrated that reduction in tumor size improves patients' health status, as measured by HRQoL instruments.
Researchers studied the effect of palm oil sustainability certification on deforestation in Indonesia from 2001-2015. Certification was found to significantly reduce deforestation, but had no effect on peatland forest loss or fire activity.
Researchers at the University of Waterloo have developed a new battery technology that uses lithium metal electrodes to increase energy storage capacity. The breakthrough enables electric vehicles to travel up to 600 kilometres on a single charge, three times the current range.
A new phase 2 trial found that high-intensity exercise can safely reduce worsening of motor symptoms in early-stage Parkinson's disease. Participants who exercised three times a week showed minimal decline in symptoms, while those who didn't exercise experienced significant worseness.
Researchers developed a novel method to infer microbial interactions using steady-state data, avoiding perturbations and potential ethical concerns. The approach allows for accurate network inference without requiring population dynamics modeling, enabling better understanding of microbial ecosystems.
A new study led by Intermountain Medical Center suggests that cortisol levels in family members of adult ICU patients can predict long-term anxiety. Researchers found that 32% of family members experienced anxiety, depression, or PTSD symptoms three months after hospital discharge.
Living in a household with a prescription opioid user may increase the risk of prescription opioid use by other household members. According to a study published in JAMA Network, the one-year risk of prescription opioid use was an absolute 0.71 percent higher among people in households where another person had an opioid prescription.
Researchers used Twitter and Google data to analyze public perceptions on vaccines and detect early warning signals of a tipping point in vaccine coverage. They successfully predicted the 2014-15 Disneyland measles outbreak by monitoring sentiment on social media.
Researchers at Keck Medicine of USC used a custom recording tool to evaluate surgeon proficiency in robotic-assisted prostate cancer surgery. The 'black box' recorder captured data on time, distance, and camera movements, allowing experts to identify novice and expert surgeons with high accuracy.
A new study by CNIC researchers found that LDL-C is the main predictor of atherosclerotic plaques in individuals with no risk factors, such as hypertension or smoking. The study suggests that reducing LDL-C levels can help prevent the appearance of atherosclerosis.
A study models historic annual fire activity across the US continental region, finding that human influence diminishes climate's role in fire activity. Climate factors vary by geography, with some regions experiencing reduced climate importance due to human presence.
A team of Penn State researchers will assess endocrine-disrupting compounds in the Susquehanna River with citizen scientists. The project aims to empower volunteers to become part of the solution to water-quality problems related to emerging contaminants.
A new method developed by Mount Sinai and Sema4 researchers accurately identifies individual microbial species and strains in communities, providing a more comprehensive approach to microbiome analysis. The technique uses DNA methylation patterns as natural barcodes to discriminate between closely related species.
A recent study published in The BMJ found that pride levels are inversely associated with the risk of falling in older adults. High levels of pride were linked to a 19% lower odds of reported falls. The researchers analyzed data from over 6,400 adults aged 60 and older, suggesting that pride may be a protective factor against falling.
Researchers at Rice University have created an asphalt-based sorbent that can capture more than twice its weight in carbon dioxide from natural gas, outperforming traditional methods. The new material features the selectivity of amines but requires no thermal source and has negligible degradation over multiple testing cycles.
Research at the AGU Fall Meeting found that mistletoe lacks adaptation to conserve water during hot weather, leading to increased evaporation and potential tree death. Trees with high mistletoe levels become less healthy and can die when dry spells persist.
Researchers have developed a more detailed map of the human brain's cellular diversity, identifying 35 subtypes of neurons and glial cells linked to various brain disorders. The study provides insights into genetic risk factors for diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder.
The study found that societies with larger populations have smaller war groups, leading to fewer casualties. The researchers gathered data from 295 societies and 430 historical conflicts to demonstrate the scaling law guiding social organization.
Researchers gathered data on Sun's atmosphere and its impact on Earth's atmosphere, revealing new insights into the Sun-Earth connection. The eclipse also provided an opportunity to test models of the ionosphere's effects on communication signals.
A new study suggests that societal scale, rather than overall violence levels, is the primary driver of conflict-related casualties. The researchers analyzed data from 295 societies and 430 historical conflicts to find a deep scaling law guiding social organization, which explains trends in war group size and conflict casualties.
Scientists have discovered a vital quality control mechanism in mitochondria, crucial for constructing a functional respiratory chain. A faulty enzyme can attach incorrect amino acids to transfer RNA, leading to protein synthesis errors and hereditary diseases.