A new study found that young people who have good contact with their grandparents have the lowest levels of ageism. Poor quality of contact was the most important factor associated with ageist stereotypes in children and adolescents.
Researchers in Southern Europe face significant challenges in achieving nearly zero-energy buildings due to sociological and climatic factors. The study highlights the need for improved regulations, design, construction, and use of these buildings to address thermal comfort issues and minimize environmental impact.
Researchers at the University of New Mexico and Washington State University have created a catalyst capable of reducing pollutants at lower temperatures expected in advanced engines. The new catalyst uses smaller amounts of platinum, the most expensive component of emission-control catalysts, while maintaining high temperature stability.
Researchers from UBC and UNC Chapel Hill discovered that halogens can increase conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells by 25%. The presence of halogens accelerates electron transfer, allowing for faster regeneration of the light-absorbing dye.
The compound anle138b was shown to close harmful openings in the membrane of nerve cells and induce conformational changes that modify pore conductivity. Treatment with anle138b normalized brain activity and improved learning ability in mice affected by Alzheimer's disease, regardless of when treatment started.
Researchers at Monash University have identified a novel molecular 'blueprint' that enables the immune system to fight disease by 'remembering' past infections. This discovery potentially opens new avenues for improving vaccines and therapies, including those targeting cancer and autoimmune diseases.
A cervical pessary significantly reduced the risk of spontaneous preterm birth at less than 34 weeks. Pregnant women with a short cervix who used the device had a lower rate of preterm birth compared to those without the device.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that cell salvage did not significantly reduce the need for donor blood transfusions during caesarean sections. However, it showed promise in reducing transfusions in emergency caesareans. Further research is necessary to confirm these findings.
A new study by Hebrew University researcher Ran Hassin reveals that our unconscious mind quickly registers faces associated with power and potential threat, while ignoring those deemed trustworthy. The findings have implications for understanding mental disorders such as autism and PTSD.
A team of Uppsala researchers discovered a wealth of previously unknown microscopic animal fossils in Greenland rocks, dating back over half a billion years. The finds reveal a diverse array of soft-bodied organisms that likely made up the majority of ancient ecosystems.
A new study in Nature Communications reveals the link between exploding stars, clouds, and climate on Earth. The research shows that atmospheric ions produced by cosmic rays accelerate the growth of aerosols into cloud condensation nuclei, influencing cloud formation and climate.
Researchers isolated 1,380 genes related to biting and non-biting in the pitcher plant mosquito, identifying 902 biting and 478 non-biting genes. The study provides a starting point for discovering genetic pathways that can be manipulated to reduce transmission of vector-borne diseases.
Research suggests that women with unexplained infertility have higher levels of a hormone stimulating the thyroid gland, negatively impacting their ability to conceive. The study found nearly twice as many women with unexplained infertility had elevated TSH levels compared to those with known infertility causes.
Researchers developed a molecular printing technique, 3DEAL, to create complex hydrogel environments with controlled chemical composition. This allows for the design of new drug screening platforms and tissue-engineered constructs with spatially controlled gradients or patterns.
The American Heart Association funded a three-year study to investigate the effect of a low energy dense diet on preschoolers. The researchers provided nutrition education to over 230 children at seven local preschools, aiming to improve their dietary choices.
A study published in The Journal of Pediatrics found that sexually abused girls receive more medical diagnoses for urinary and genital health problems compared to their peers. Researchers also discovered no significant difference in the number of diagnoses for sexually transmitted infections between girls and boys.
Researchers at Lobachevsky University have found that bee venom inhibits the growth of malignant tumors and can enhance biological activity in the body. The study also suggests that bee products may be used to treat diabetes mellitus by lowering blood sugar levels.
A new study found that community screening for osteoporosis reduced hip fractures by 28% in older women. Screening identified those at risk and led to targeted treatment, resulting in a significant decrease in hip fractures.
A new study by UC San Diego researchers reveals that combining pesticides and limited nutrient sources causes a synergistic effect on bee survival, increasing deaths by up to 50%. The scientists used honey bees as test subjects due to their role as agricultural pollinators and environmental bioindicators.
The new app, developed by Intermountain Healthcare researchers, monitors heart failure patients' medical tests and health status to promptly notify clinicians. Using the app led to significantly improved detection of disease advancements, with intervention patients' survival rates increasing.
Researchers developed a mouse model where the FXN gene defect causing Friedreich’s ataxia can be turned on or off, revealing that many early symptoms are reversible. The study found that reducing frataxin levels led to symptoms similar to those seen in humans with the disease, which disappeared when frataxin levels returned to normal.
The Biophysical Society has announced the winners of its 2018 Committee for Inclusion and Diversity Travel Awards, which aim to encourage participation at the Annual Meeting by underrepresented students and postdoctoral fellows. This year's recipients represent various universities and research institutions across the US.
The study reveals a novel mechanism by which cancer cells become dependent on methionine, an essential amino acid. Researchers propose using existing drugs like sulfasalazine to trigger this dependency and induce cancer cell death.
A new study by Michigan Medicine finds that babies with spina bifida have early symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing, which can contribute to lifelong issues with neurodevelopment. The research team identified SDB in all 20 newborns with the most serious form of spina bifida.
A modeling study by Massachusetts General Hospital investigators finds that antiviral drugs can reduce the risk of complications from HCV-positive liver transplantation. The study suggests that HCV-negative patients with severe liver disease may benefit from receiving an HCV-positive liver followed by antiviral treatment.
The recipients are selected based on scientific merit and will present their research during the meeting, receive a travel grant, and be recognized at a reception. The awardees include students and postdoctoral fellows from various institutions.
Recent research suggests up to 5% of modern humans' DNA originated from Neanderthal populations, sparking questions about species' genetic makeup. Dr. Anthony J. Tosi's new NSF-funded project aims to investigate the evolutionary mechanics of hybridization across a primate radiation.
Researchers have discovered that T cells with a protein called CD26 on their surface are highly effective against aggressive solid tumors. These cells, previously overlooked in cancer immunotherapy, can resist apoptosis and repopulate after infusion, making them ideal for adoptive cell transfer therapy.
Daniela Kraft has been selected as the winner of the Biophysical Journal Paper of the Year Award for 2017 for her research on microparticle assembly pathways on lipid membranes. The award recognizes outstanding contributions to biophysics, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary research in this field.
A review article reveals that thyroid hormones and biochemical pathways drive seasonal reproduction in some mammals. The study suggests that increased triiodothyronine (T3) levels regulate gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion in a seasonal fashion.
Researchers at UCSF have developed a test that can predict how patients with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia will respond to treatment, potentially identifying those who are likely to recover spontaneously. The test uses epigenetic annotations of the genome and has been validated in an additional group of patients treated in Germany.
A new study found that cigarette smoking rates increased among individuals with substance use disorders, including hallucinogens and heroin, while decreasing among those with cannabis use disorders. More than half of individuals with a substance use disorder reported cigarette use in the past month, compared to 18% without a disorder.
Researchers found that mutations in two components interact with each other, increasing the system's freedom to change and evolve. The study provides a mechanistic understanding of how genetic structure determines patterns of epistasis.
A University of Sydney team has developed quantum control techniques to enable ultra-sensitive quantum sensors that can identify tiny signals while rejecting background noise. The new protocols reduce spectral leakage by many orders of magnitude over conventional methods, with applications in medicine and defence.
A new study by RAND Corporation found that a new supermarket in a low-income neighborhood can improve residents' economic well-being and health. Researchers surveyed 831 residents and reported improvements in economic benchmarks, such as reduced food insecurity and lower rates of high cholesterol.
A new study from Oregon State University found that people with rare diseases experience high levels of anxiety, depression, and pain, as well as limited ability to participate in society. The study suggests that psychosocial support is needed to improve quality of life for this group.
Researchers discovered a genetic link between sulfur compounds and chronic bad breath in humans and genetically modified mice. The study found that people with the condition had mutations in the SELENBP1 gene and high levels of odor-causing chemicals in their blood, mirroring findings in mice with the same mutation.
Scientists used genetic variability to map a plant species' ability to adapt to climate change, finding that Scandinavian plants can cope with severe drought. The study suggests that relocating populations with genetic variants supporting drought adaptation could help rescue endangered species and improve crop performance.
Researchers investigated molecular mechanisms behind squamous cell carcinoma, revealing NUP62's role in regulating ΔNp63α nuclear transport. This mechanism is crucial for maintaining SCC cells' undifferentiated status and proliferation.
Researchers have measured and mapped the key molecular forces on platelets that trigger blood clotting. The findings suggest that platelets care about the direction of forces applied to them, requiring a lateral force signal to prevent unnecessary clotting.
Researchers at Technical University of Munich use biofilms to guide microorganisms in creating tailor-made templates for new materials. This process utilizes light, heat, and other stimuli to control the movement of microbes, enabling the creation of complex networks with natural structures.
Research reveals that hibernating rodents evolved adaptations to reduce cold sensation, allowing them to conserve energy during winter. This adaptation enables ground squirrels and Syrian hamsters to survive exposure to extremely low temperatures without feeling stressed.
Researchers at Brown University developed a new technique that enhances NMR signal strength and versatility for studying nanomaterials and exotic states of matter. By using flat NMR coils, the team was able to optimize signal detection for various sample shapes and experiment types.
A new study found that cooperative learning significantly reduced students' association with deviant peers and growth in alcohol use among middle schoolers. By increasing students' contacts with prosocial youths, cooperative learning helps interrupt the tendency for socially marginalized students to cluster into groups of deviant peers.
A new study at Drexel University suggests that brain signals 'stick' to white matter networks are associated with cognitive flexibility. The research found that the alignment between brain signals and structural anatomy is linked to greater flexibility, but also a measurable mental cost.
Researchers found that when punitive measures from regulatory agencies were followed by help from business support organizations, companies were more likely to stick to voluntary improvement projects. The study analyzed 1,200 environmental improvement recommendations and found a positive correlation between the timing of regulatory act...
A study suggests that age 25 would be the most beneficial age for a one-time screening HIV test of the general population, improving rates of HIV diagnosis and overall health outcomes. However, youth at high risk should be tested more frequently.
Patients with glioblastoma who received TTFields therapy plus chemotherapy had better overall survival and progression-free survival compared to those receiving chemotherapy alone. The study showed significant improvement in treatment outcomes for this aggressive brain tumor.
A comprehensive review of the European Court of Justice and German Federal Administrative Court's relevant case-law on Natura 2000 assessment and derogation procedure. The study examines key aspects of the procedure, including scope, procedural steps, and requirements for authorisation and implementation.
A South Korean study reveals that the bacterium Chromobacterium piscinae produces cyanide when attacked by a microbial predator, inhibiting its growth without killing it. The researchers suspect that the bacteria use nutrient-rich environments to trigger the production of this protective compound.
The Blink Reflexometer uses high-speed video to analyze the blink response in patients, providing quantitative measurements comparable to electromyography. A small validation study showed promising results, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic indicator of neurological health.
Researchers found that genes can be activated in human stem cells to initiate biomineralization, a key step in bone formation. The study used engineered silk derived from golden orb weaver spider webs and supercomputers Stampede1 and Comet to model the folding of proteins and predict osteogenesis.
A study conducted by primary school pupils found that exercising at their own pace significantly improves a child's mood, attention, and memory. The research used over 11,000 schoolchildren across the UK, who completed various physical activities before answering tests on concentration and happiness.
Researchers reveal OsMAPK3-OsbHLH002-OsTPP1 pathway enhances rice chilling tolerance by increasing trehalose content and activating cold signal transduction. OsbHLH002 is phosphorylated by OsMAPK3, reducing its ubiquitination and degradation.
Adolescents who identify as gay, lesbian, bisexual or questioning are at a significantly higher risk of suicide compared to their heterosexual peers. The study found that 40% of sexual-minority adolescents seriously considered suicide, while 15% of heterosexual counterparts did so.
A large-scale study has found that residue levels in pollen and nectar from thiamethoxam-treated seeds do not harm bees, with no effect on colony survival. The research involved individual honey bees and 84 colonies, providing a robust threshold for assessing potential risk.
Researchers discover active life in a frozen Quebec lake, with tiny red zooplankton buzzing in the dark water. The bright red coloration serves as protection against oxidative stress and helps the copepods accumulate essential fatty acids.
Researchers found that bacteria navigate randomly but are biased towards nutrient sources, unlike enzymes which move towards areas with less substrate. The study used super-resolution microscopy and discovered run-and-tumble dynamics in enzyme motion.
Research from the British Household Panel Survey shows married couples have a higher sense of well-being than singles. Those who consider their spouse as their best friend experience the largest benefits, suggesting a lifelong positive effect on happiness.
Researchers at the University of East Anglia have discovered that combining an immunosuppressive arthritis drug, leflunomide, with a melanoma treatment may enhance its effectiveness. The study found that the combination almost completely stopped the growth of a melanoma tumor in mice.
Researchers at CRG discover a mechanism regulating alpha-synuclein protein linked to Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Two factors, TIAR and ELAVL1, are deemed crucial in neurodegeneration, offering potential biomarkers for early detection and new treatment targets.
Researchers Ana María Valencia García and Marília Junqueira Caldas resolved a longstanding controversy about the calculation of defect electronic structures in graphene. They used a hybrid functional method, which yielded results compatible with experimental data, resolving divergences between different simulation methods.
Researchers develop low-cost, privacy-preserving sensor technology for counting, locating, and tracking occupants in commercial spaces. The technology uses high-efficiency infrared LEDs and photodiodes to reduce energy costs of heating and cooling by up to 30%.
An international research team has discovered that monocyte-derived cells are a diverse mixture, differing from dendritic cells. This diversity affects the immune system's response to tumor cells, impacting cancer immunotherapy success rates.
Scientists develop mathematical model to explain co-nonsolvency phenomenon, which was previously unknown. The model predicts polymer behavior in mixed solvents and reveals mechanism for suppressing co-nonsolvency at high pressures.
A study of zebra finches found that when young birds mimic sounds they've memorized, neural activity increases in specific brain regions. This process may hold the key to understanding how humans learn complex behaviors like speech and precise movements.
A functional genomics database has been developed to study the plant microbiome, revealing key genes involved in bacterial adaptation to plants. The database combines 3837 genomes from various organisms, including plants and human gut bacteria, allowing researchers to identify genes that aid in bacterial colonization.
Researchers from NTU Singapore and CMU have developed a technique to direct the growth of hydrogel to mimic plant or animal tissue structure and shapes. The team's findings suggest new applications in tissue engineering and soft robotics, where hydrogel is commonly used.
A new study from Duke University Medical Center finds that obesity can add five weeks of asthma symptoms per year in preschoolers. The research suggests that maintaining a healthy weight may be an effective strategy for controlling asthma, and that inhalers work effectively for all preschoolers.
A new study suggests that unconventional spaces like rooftops, salt-affected land, and contaminated sites can generate renewable energy while sparing valuable agricultural land. The research found that these land-sparing sites in the Central Valley could exceed state energy demands up to 13 times for photovoltaics.
Oncotarget has increased its publishing frequency to two issues per week, making scientific results widely available through various indexes and archives. This move aims to accelerate indexing processes and provide rapid access to medical researchers, practitioners, and the general public.
Researchers at the University of Illinois found that cross-system signaling activity between growth factors can direct blood vessel growth and influence cancer progression, stroke recovery, and other disorders. This discovery offers a new pathway to developing effective therapies by promoting or inhibiting this signal.
The KU center will continue to enable researchers to make breakthroughs in cancer, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, and bacterial infections. The $10.8 million grant supports research at KU and regional institutions, including core labs for genomic analysis, lab-on-a-chip devices, and molecular probe synthesis.
Researchers from UC3M and CSIC have developed a system to analyze electromagnetic emissions from smartphones for security vulnerabilities. The study focuses on lateral movement attacks, where attackers try to exploit the energy emitted by devices to breach encryption.
A Florida Atlantic University study uses tiny treadmills to simulate disorientation and measures the energy spent by sea turtle hatchlings crawling on beaches. The researchers found that hatchlings expend massive amounts of energy but can still swim well, supporting the importance of lighting ordinances during turtle hatching season.
The Biophysical Society has announced the winners of its international travel grants, chosen based on scientific merit and proposed presentation at the meeting. The recipients will be honored at a reception on February 18, 2018, in San Francisco.
Researchers identified a mechanism where ileal Crohn's disease is induced by bile acids when T cell adaptation does not occur properly. Bile acid sequestrants may be an effective treatment for patients with impaired MDR1 expression, suggesting a potential new avenue for therapy.
Researchers at UMass Amherst developed a polymer-based system storing more than two times higher energy density than previous systems. The new technology has potential applications in solar-powered heating and could provide sustainable energy storage for areas without access to power grids.
Solar energy can expand without encroaching on farmland and conservation areas, researchers say. Alternative surfaces totaling over 1.5 million football fields in size can accommodate solar installations, generating more than 19,000 terawatt-hours of energy per year.
The Biophysical Society has awarded travel fellowships to female postdoctoral fellows and mid-career scientists presenting at the conference. The recipients will receive a travel grant and be recognized at a reception on February 21, 2018.
Researchers predict creation of 'Weyl-Kondo semimetal,' a quantum material with unique properties, and demonstrate its existence through modeling. The discovery has significant implications for understanding high-temperature superconductivity and strongly correlated materials.
Researchers found that Norwegian consumers can reduce their carbon footprint by up to 58% by making conscious choices such as carpooling, cutting back on meat, and buying durable goods. However, this reduction can be offset if the saved money is spent on discretionary items with high climate impacts.
Research on rhesus macaques suggests that some individuals are more likely to remain socially isolated due to a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental influences. This phenomenon is linked to reduced life expectancy in various species, including humans, who are experiencing an increasing epidemic of social isolation.
Researchers found that increasing distance between bacterial membranes can block protective response, making them vulnerable to antibiotics. This new insight could lead to novel treatments and make currently available antibiotics more effective.
Small-holder farmers in Kenya are eager to cultivate croton trees for oil production, animal feed, and organic fertilizer. The study found that most households have croton trees already, and they would be willing to plant more if there's a dedicated market.
Researchers measured absolute cross sections for secondary electrons interacting with DNA molecules in a condensed-phase environment. This study provides insights into the damage and radiation dose delivered to patients in radiotherapy.
Researchers identify subset of natural killer cells that secrete growth-promoting factors, reversing impaired fetal growth. These cells may hold key to treating fetal growth restriction and recurrent spontaneous abortion, improving maternal-fetal microenvironment.
A new study suggests that climate change could lead to increased body sizes in certain herbivores as plants become more nutritious. This is because larger herbivores can convert the foliage to energy more efficiently than smaller competitors.
A large-scale brain imaging study has refuted the long-held theory that a specific region in the left hemisphere is responsible for language processing. The research found no correlation between the planum temporale's anatomical asymmetry and language lateralization, contradicting previous findings.
A study by UC researchers identified over 8,400 square kilometers of non-agricultural land in the Central Valley suitable for large solar installations. This land can generate enough solar energy to exceed California's projected demands by 13 times for photovoltaic power and two times for concentrating solar power.
Scientists have created asymmetrical polymer structures that bind together in a spatially defined manner, similar to atoms coming together to make molecules. This breakthrough technique could lead to new materials for applications ranging from drug delivery to 'soft robotics',
Researchers have developed a surface acoustic wave (SAW) device that can achieve frequencies six times higher than most current devices, thanks to the use of embedded interdigital transducers (IDTs). The device also boosts output power by 10 percent compared to conventional devices.
Research using motion sensors and AI software reveals expert bricklayers use techniques to limit joint loads and develop efficient work methods. The study's findings could lead to improved training programs for apprentices and enhanced worker safety.
Researchers developed a wearable robotic system to improve balance and gait in Parkinson's disease patients. After a single training session, both groups showed improved response to perturbations and increased gait stability.
Researchers found a novel combination of PARP and BET inhibitors to be effective in treating ovarian cancers without BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations. The combination resulted in enhanced sensitivity of cells to cell death, offering potential applications in broadening treatment options for various malignancies.
A new study found significantly reduced bacterial diversity and richness, and fungal richness in tumor tissue compared to non-tumor tissues, suggesting potential markers for earlier diagnosis. The findings may lead to precautionary testing in high-risk patients and improved patient outcomes.
Tropical Storm Kai-Tak generated heavy rainfall in central and southern Philippines, causing major flooding and landslides. The storm's estimated precipitation totals reached up to 512 mm (20.2 inches) along its track.
Four biomedical researchers from Aligarh Muslim University, National Institute of Immunology India, and University of Torino presented groundbreaking studies on kidney cancer treatment, chemoresistance, and asbestos-related tumors at FCS 2017. Oncotarget's travel grants enabled their participation in the conference.
A University of Michigan team is developing a new cybersecurity approach called MORPHEUS, which aims to create an unhackable computer by turning computer circuits into unsolvable puzzles. The technology could protect both hardware and software from attacks, making it difficult for hackers to identify vulnerabilities.
A new study published in JAMA finds that sexual minority young people are at a substantially higher risk of suicidal behavior than their heterosexual peers. LGBQ youth were 40% more likely to seriously consider suicide, and 25% more likely to attempt suicide compared to non-LGBQ youth.
Cisplatin, a common cancer drug, causes permanent hearing loss in 40-80% of adult patients and at least half of children. Researchers found that the inner ear builds up the drug, leading to damage. Targeting the stria vascularis region could prevent cisplatin-induced hearing loss.
A study from Dartmouth College reveals that warming tropical oceans have caused a strengthening of the Aleutian Low pressure system, driving increased snowfall in Alaska and other regions. This is evident in record accumulation rates dating back over 1200 years, exceeding normal variability.
A new study by IDIBELL and ISGlobal found that mild obsessive-compulsive symptoms in healthy children are associated with specific cerebral anatomical changes. The study suggests that these symptoms may be an early manifestation of a more severe mental disorder, highlighting the importance of prevention strategies.
Researchers have linked changes in brain anatomy to early biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease, suggesting a non-invasive test may detect AD before symptoms appear. The study found that specific regions of the hippocampal circuit shrink in individuals with high levels of tau and amyloid-Beta proteins.
New Hampshire's neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) diagnoses increased fivefold from 52 to 269 between 2005 and 2015. The average hospital stay for NAS-diagnosed newborns rose to 12 days, compared to three days for non-exposed infants.
A new collection of articles explores the role and risks of bots in influencing public opinion and political elections. Researchers examine approaches to detect and control bots, their impact on recent elections, and potential methods for automation identification of bot activity.
Researchers at GW and US Acute Care Solutions analyzed commercially-generated patient experience data from 2012-15, finding high variability and limited construct validity. Facility-level scores were shown to have greater construct validity than physician-level scores.