A study analyzing over 100,000 shoulder replacement surgery cases found that patients with Medicaid or no insurance had significantly higher complication rates compared to privately insured patients. Disparities in postoperative outcomes were attributed to lack of access to preoperative and postoperative care due to socioeconomic factors.
Researchers developed a novel neural network method that can categorize complex datasets without prior knowledge. By using an 'act as if' principle, they trained networks to mimic human intuition, allowing them to identify boundaries in data. This method has potential applications in physics analysis, machine learning, and data mining.
Scientists discover high levels of banned pollutants in deep-sea amphipods, revealing human impact on remote ocean habitats. The findings suggest a legacy of pollution from industrial accidents and waste, emphasizing the need to understand the consequences of contamination.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have developed new mechanical metamaterials that can easily transmit motion in one direction while blocking it in another. These nonreciprocal materials have potential applications in soft robotics, prosthetics, and energy harvesting.
Maja Matarić will present her research on socially assistive robots designed to support stroke patients, children with autism, and people with Alzheimer's disease. These robots use AI to decipher emotions, body language, and social cues to provide personalized interactions.
Scientists have discovered that marine bacteria can synthesise dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), an important nutrient for microorganisms and precursor to the climate-cooling gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS). The production of DMSP by many marine bacteria has significant implications for the global sulfur cycle.
Babies born with extremely low birth weight are at risk for mental health problems such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and anxiety. The studies found these risks began in childhood and extended into adulthood, with significantly higher levels of depression and social problems among adults born with extremely low birth weight.
Researchers detected two-fold symmetry in superconductivity of SrxBi2Se3, providing new evidence for its topological superconductor status. The findings are consistent with earlier experiments and suggest nontrivial topological order in the material.
Researchers say viral charity campaigns like the ALS Ice Bucket Challenge have a shallow 'half-life' and require a shift from extrinsic to intrinsic motivation. Dr. Sander van der Linden's SMART formula outlines social influences, moral imperatives, affective reactions, and translational impact as key psychological levers.
A team of scientists invented a new instrument, called the Lexicocalorimeter, to measure the caloric content of social media posts. The device gathers geo-tagged Twitter posts and scores them based on typical calorie content and activity burn rates to provide insights into public health.
A recent study analyzing 3,491 modern Sardinian mitochondrial DNA genomes reveals that the island is home to unique genetic haplogroups, which likely arose after its initial occupation. These findings support archaeological evidence of a Mesolithic occupation and suggest a dual ancestral origin of the first inhabitants.
A study by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory researchers found that Importin-11 protects the anti-cancer protein PTEN from destruction, leading to cancer progression. Loss of Importin-11 may destabilize PTEN, predicting disease relapse and metastasis in prostate cancer patients.
Researchers at University of Bristol and UCLan uncover new type of LTP controlled by kainate receptors, promising therapeutic strategies for dementia and epilepsy. The study's findings have far-reaching implications for understanding memory and neurodegenerative disorders.
A new study found that Wikipedia editors rely more on out-of-copyright information after Google Books digitized a publication, resulting in decreased traffic for pages using copyrighted content. This limitation affects not only readers but also creators seeking to build upon historical information.
Patient advocates estimate that up to 200,000 US hospital patients die annually from preventable medical errors. They argue that the healthcare industry must invest in safety measures such as adequate nursing levels and a culture of safety to reduce adverse events.
Recent studies found that tumors exploit neuronal signals to grow and thrive. Researchers aim to develop targeted therapies by interrupting specific molecular pathways co-opted by tumor cells. This growing understanding sheds light on cancer pathology observations.
A recent Carnegie Mellon University study found that married individuals have lower cortisol levels than those who are single, divorced, or widowed. This biological evidence supports the notion that unmarried people face more psychological stress than their married counterparts.
A comprehensive study published in Nature Climate Change found that nearly 700 bird and mammal species have already been impacted by climate change. The research suggests that around half of threatened mammals and 23% of threatened birds are likely to be negatively affected by future climatic changes.
Small species of birds are particularly susceptible to lethal dehydration in extreme heat, with the risk increasing four-fold by the end of this century. Conservation strategies are needed to conserve diverse plant and animal communities that supply shelter and water to desert birds amid future climate warming.
A Harvard study found that minority workers perform worse under biased managers, with a 53rd percentile performance rate compared to the 79th percentile under unbiased managers. This disparity is due to biased managers interacting less with minorities, leading to reduced productivity and lower pay for minority workers.
Researchers analyzed genetic data of 173 patients and identified CSDE1 and fusion genes in MAML3 as drivers of the disease, providing opportunities for molecular diagnosis and prognosis. The study also found four distinct subtypes, each driven by mutations in distinct biological pathways.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara found that low-intensity exercise increases activation in the visual cortex, enhancing information representation and selectivity. This effect is linked to increased arousal, which may provide a competitive advantage.
A study found that taking abiraterone acetate, a widely used prostate cancer drug, with a low-fat breakfast is as effective as taking it on an empty stomach, but at a significantly lower cost. The finding could save patients thousands of dollars per month.
Rutgers scientists studied evolution in invaded ecosystems using glass jar experiments with thousands of microscopic organisms. The study found that microbes' interactions altered performance and led to differences in resident and invading species.
Experts review successful and unsuccessful policies for low-carbon technology innovation, highlighting the impact of policy instruments on technological progress. They also discuss the importance of stakeholder collaboration in implementing smart city innovations.
Research shows that people who focus on finding the best option (maximizers) may experience frustration and regret when re-evaluating their choices. Maximizing can lead to depression, lower life satisfaction, and procrastination. On the other hand, a strategic approach to decision-making can lead to satisfying outcomes.
A study from the University of the Basque Country found that women's educational attainment and country of origin significantly impact their risk of undergoing voluntary abortions. Women with lower levels of education have higher rates of terminations, while immigrant women face unique challenges in accessing healthcare services.
Researchers identified a mutation in UNC13 protein associated with autism spectrum disorder, hyperactivity, and dyskinesia. The mutation disturbed fine-tuning of neuronal communication, leading to enhanced synaptic strength and increased neurotransmission.
A new report from the Stowers Institute for Medical Research has discovered that adult planarian stem cells called neoblasts arise during a specific stage of embryonic development. These cells retain the ability to access embryonic developmental programs during adulthood, allowing them to drive regeneration of lost body parts.
Northwestern University scientists have developed a tiny, transparent device that can detect ultrasound waves, potentially helping diagnose diseases like macular degeneration and diabetes. The Micro-ring resonator detector uses optical ultrasound detection methods to create high-resolution images of biological materials.
Researchers have discovered that an important chemical bonding principle, inverse-trans-influence (ITI), operates in metal complexes across the periodic table, including lanthanides and actinides. The finding has potential implications for waste clean-up and treatment of cancerous tumors.
Researchers have discovered a worm gene that triggers feelings of fullness and the need to sleep after eating, opening up potential for an obesity drug. The ETS-5 gene controls signals from the brain to the intestines, influencing food intake and activity.
Scientists discover Quaternary ruptures along the Leech River fault, capable of producing earthquakes MW >6, highlighting seismic risk exposure. A new continent, Zealandia, geologically separate from Australia and Antarctica, is identified as a major geological entity.
Researchers found that reducing calorie consumption slows down ribosome production, giving cells extra time to repair themselves and maintaining overall bodily function. This study provides insights into the mechanisms of aging and may help inform decisions about diet and nutrition.
Researchers found that male flies are attracted to specific flash frequencies from female wings, with a preference for young females' slower wing beats of 178Hz. The study suggests that wing movement contributes to mate selection and may be a common phenomenon in other insects.
Researchers developed a method to estimate crop yields from space using high-resolution satellites, which could improve agricultural productivity and test intervention strategies. By combining satellite imagery with computer models of crop growth, they achieved surprisingly accurate predictions of actual productivity on the field.
Researchers project that intensive blood pressure control can save over 100,000 lives each year in the US. By lowering blood pressure to less than 120 mmHg, the risk of heart attack, stroke, and death can be significantly reduced. However, this approach may require additional medication and more frequent health check-ups.
Researchers have developed a new technique to track the movement of cancer cells using reversible, photo-luminescent carbon nanoparticles. The study demonstrates that these particles can be used for intracellular imaging and drug delivery tracking without photo-bleaching issues.
Scientists used a new spectroscopic platform to study graphene's electronic properties, revealing a unique energy structure with two cones resembling a sandglass. This discovery could promote future research on stable quantum measurements for new 2D electronics.
A new longitudinal study of LGBT older adults found higher rates of disability, cardiovascular disease, depression, and social isolation. The research highlights pathways to better understand health for all marginalized communities.
Scientists and engineers at NASA created a new, large-scale shaker table system to test the James Webb Space Telescope's vibrations during launch. The 'Vibration Test Systems' simulates forces from 5-100 Hz, enabling precise control over shaking levels.
A new UTSA study has found a potential link between a medication used to prevent infections in cancer patients and the regeneration of sperm from stem cells. Researchers discovered that G-CSF, a drug commonly used to recover from chemotherapy and radiation treatments, can also help restore male fertility.
The green peach aphid can colonize over four hundred plant species due to its ability to rapidly adjust gene expression in response to different hosts. This adaptation allows the insect to feed on essential crops and transmit plant viruses, causing significant losses in crop yields.
A new analysis found that climate change is having a massive impact on threatened species, with nearly 700 species affected. The study suggests that negative responses to climate change have been vastly underreported, with only 7% of mammals and 4% of birds previously estimated to be impacted.
Researchers at King's College London have found that patients with early stages of kidney disease and type 1 diabetes have lower levels of the protective 'anti-ageing' hormone Klotho. This discovery could lead to the development of new treatments to prevent kidney disease in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Nagoya University researchers have discovered a link between RNA binding proteins FUS and SFPQ and the development of frontotemporal lobar degeneration, a type of dementia that starts in middle age. The study suggests that rebalancing the tau protein ratio may prevent FTLD-like phenotypes.
Deep-sea squids have developed unique eyes to spot two different sources of light: ambient sunlight and bioluminescent flashes. The large eye is adapted for gazing upwards, searching for shadows, while the small eye scans downwards for bioluminescence.
Male banded mongooses that faced poor conditions in their first year lived longer than those with an easier start, while variable conditions seemed to be beneficial for longevity and reproduction. The researchers used 14 years of data on wild banded mongooses in Uganda.
A University of Maryland physicist has improved a method for designing stellarators, complex nuclear fusion experiments that aim to explore fusion's potential as an energy source. The new method, Regularized NESCOIL, balances tradeoffs between ideal magnetic field shapes and coil shapes, resulting in designs with more space between coils.
A new smartphone app has been developed to measure ride comfort for railway companies, providing instant feedback from passengers about bumps, bangs and vibration on trains. The app uses artificial neural networks to evaluate ride quality, revealing that modern smartphones' accelerometers are suitable for measuring comfort.
A new study using behavioral data from social media found that people are more like their friends and partners than previously thought. Using Facebook data, researchers trained statistical models to infer personality traits from likes and status updates, revealing a substantial similarity in personality between couples and friends.
The Beijing MST Radar detected horizontal wind measurements consistent with those from operational radiosondes, covering a range of 3-25 km. The radar's detection capability was found to be high in the mesosphere-lower thermosphere region, extending up to 120 km during daytime.
Researchers at Rutgers University found that neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's may be linked to defective brain cells that dispose of toxic proteins, causing harm to neighboring neurons. The study uses transparent roundworms to understand the process of eliminating toxic cellular substances, revealing a potent...
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have discovered that traumatic brain injuries can lead to persistent attention problems in children, with severe injuries five times more likely to develop secondary ADHD. The study also shows that effective parenting and optimal home environments can mitigate these effects.
A new study uses X-ray synchrotron radiation to analyze human minibrains, revealing the distribution of essential micronutrients such as phosphorus and zinc. The results show that these nutrients play a crucial role in brain formation and are related to memory deficits and psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.
Researchers identified cardiolipin, a mitochondrial lipid, as a potential target for reducing Parkinson's symptoms. Blocking the FASN protein increased cardiolipin levels and improved mitochondrial function, providing new insights into the disease.
A national meta-analysis by University of Texas at Arlington researcher Shima Hamidi found that single-family property values near transit stations rise only 2.3 percent, while multi-family and commercial properties can see up to 18 percent increase in value.
A study from Lund University found that intestinal bacteria can accelerate the development of Alzheimer's disease in mice. The researchers discovered a direct causal link between gut bacteria and the disease, suggesting that modulating the gut microbiota through diet and probiotics could prevent or delay its onset.
A University of Wyoming researcher and her team have discovered that the rapid evolution of Lake Victoria cichlids was facilitated by earlier hybridization between two distantly related species. This phenomenon has resulted in over 700 species of fish evolving in just 150,000 years.
Researchers analyzed 56,000 patents granted by U.S.-based research-intensive universities with incubators. They found a strong negative association between incubator establishment and patent quality. The study suggests that incubitors may dilute innovation by competing for resources.