A study by the Stowers Institute for Medical Research found that cancer cells often lose copies of repetitive sequences known as ribosomal DNA, which may enable faster proliferation but also render them more sensitive to DNA damage. This could potentially be exploited by DNA-damaging chemotherapeutics.
Researchers identified naturally infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with Chikungunya virus genotype ECSA in Brazil. The finding highlights the need for expanded surveillance to prevent new outbreaks and expose other countries at risk.
A new study from Duke University and the University of California, Davis, found no marked improvement in the survival rate of U.S. gunshot victims over the past decade. The researchers analyzed data from 2003 to 2012 and discovered problems with data collection and coding, leading to an incorrect assumption of a decline in fatality rates.
Researchers discovered a unique repair mechanism in zebrafish spinal discs that protects fluid-filled cells from mechanical stress and promotes regeneration. The study suggests that this mechanism, triggered by the release of nucleotides, may be present in humans at early stages but is lost over time.
Researchers at FAU investigated the formation of rot in grapes and found that certain mould fungi can produce a range of aromas, including fruity and floral notes. The study suggests that wine producers may be able to harness these alteration processes to create new, desirable flavors.
A novel study found that cortical targets can be used to enhance hand motor output in humans with spinal cord injury, showing improved force and electromyographic activity. The research provides new insights into the potential of cortical targets for rehabilitation therapies targeting beneficial plasticity.
A large international team of researchers has identified genetic abnormalities that are the first definitive risk genes for Tourette Syndrome. The study, which analyzed a sample of 2,400 patients and 4,000 controls, found that variations in copy number at specific genes were associated with an increased risk of developing the disorder.
Researchers at EPFL challenge fundamental law of physics and discover asymmetric resonant and wave-guiding systems capable of storing large amounts of energy over prolonged periods while maintaining broad bandwidths. The breakthrough has implications for telecommunications, optical detection systems, and broadband energy harvesting.
A new brain network model suggests that understanding brain connections and structure can help predict how brain function changes after injury. The study identified key white matter pathways and lesions responsible for network disruptions, which could lead to more accurate treatment plans and therapeutic targets.
Researchers created a nanomechanical resonator that confines vibrations to a small region, boosting coherence and achieving unprecedented Q-factors. This enables new generations of quantum sensors and force microscopy, with potential applications in probing quantum limits and molecular resolution imaging.
Researchers at Columbia University Medical Center found that selective memories can be erased from snail neurons, potentially developing drugs to delete memories triggering anxiety and PTSD. The study's results could lead to the development of treatments for these conditions by eliminating non-associative memories without affecting ass...
Targeting a systolic blood pressure of <120 mm Hg reduced cardiovascular events and premature death in CKD patients, but slightly accelerated kidney function decline. The benefits were observed across all age groups within the CKD subgroup.
The guidelines, endorsed by Canadian medical and public health organizations, offer concrete recommendations to mitigate the risks of cannabis use. They address key areas such as abstaining from cannabis, mitigating risks for young Canadians, and harm reduction strategies.
The study found that installing a thin gold film can suppress spin wave (SW) noise and stabilize its propagation characteristics. The researchers discovered that the position of the gold film affects the generation of noise, allowing for a smoothened transmission and reduced frequency variations.
Researchers at the University of Rochester discovered a process where wasps co-opt single copy genes to take on new functions, including in their venom glands and other parts of their anatomy.
Researchers identified a novel molecular pathway involving p300, C/EBPα, and microRNA-203 that helps maintain normal skin cell proliferation. HPV8's E6 protein disrupts this pathway in EV patients, potentially paving the way for skin cancer.
A study found that even female students with good grades in STEM subjects are still corrupted by stereotypes, leading to lower self-confidence and perceptions of incompetence. Indirect support measures, such as positive experiences and role models, are more effective than direct encouragement in boosting their self-concept.
NASA monitored Tropical Storm Cindy using its Aqua satellite's infrared light and GPM satellite's radar, revealing areas of heaviest rainfall and storm tops reaching over 7.2 miles high. The National Hurricane Center warned of life-threatening flash flooding due to heavy rainfall expected in parts of the US Gulf Coast states.
Researchers have found that genes for coronary heart disease (CAD) also influence reproduction, suggesting a trade-off between heart disease and fertility. The study, published in PLOS Genetics, reveals CAD genes have been positively selected for through evolution, improving human reproduction.
Scientists at the University of Bath have developed a new molecule that stops breast cancer cells from multiplying in laboratory trials. The method used to create the molecule has potential to be applied to develop new treatments for other cancers and diseases.
Researchers at UTEP have been awarded a patent for a potential vaccine against Chagas disease, a life-threatening tropical illness. The vaccine, which has shown promising results in non-human primates, could provide a much-needed solution to the growing number of people infected with the disease.
Researchers found that simulated honeybees with removed mushroom body circuits performed well in odor learning tasks, using a simple neural circuit previously associated with instinctive behaviors. This suggests that even the simplest nervous systems can exhibit remarkable plasticity and adaptability.
Research analyzing over 49,000 bird eggs reveals that unique flight adaptations drive variations in egg shape. The study found a correlation between egg shape and hand-wing index, indicating flight efficiency, contradicting previous theories on life history and nesting habits.
Researchers have identified a new brain mechanism that contributes to learning an association between an auditory warning and a fearful event. Changes in lattice-like structures in the brain known as perineuronal nets are necessary to capture and consolidate the fear association, which can aid research into combating PTSD.
Scientists study Burmese pythons' ability to regenerate organs after feeding, identifying key genes that drive regenerative growth. The team also explores the genetic basis of evolution in snakes and lizards, shedding light on the mechanisms behind unique traits such as venom composition and reproductive differences.
Researchers identified 'clathrin-coated pits' as a new mechanism involved in cancer cell migration. These structures allow cancer cells to attach to surrounding collagen fibers and move around.
Researchers have discovered that specialized gut cells called enterochromaffin (EC) cells sense potentially noxious chemicals and trigger electrical impulses in nearby nerve fibers. This finding could lead to new approaches for treating gastrointestinal disorders like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
A new biomarker assay has been developed to detect neuroblastoma with greater sensitivity, improving disease assessment and predicting relapse in children. The assay screens for five different neuroblastoma-associated genes, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the disease.
A genetic study suggests that human genes for coronary artery disease contribute to greater numbers of children, providing an evolutionary trade-off between early-life reproductive benefits and later-life disease costs. The study uses genome-wide scans and lifetime reproductive data to identify genetic variation linked to the disease.
Scientists analyzed historic whale data to identify early warning signals of impending population collapse. They found significant declines in body size and fluctuations in numbers up to 40 years before documented collapses.
A study by James Cook University scientists found that turtles are present throughout the bay, mostly staying in water less than five meters deep. Extending shallow go-slow zones could protect nearly half or more of turtle habitats if combined with a small buffer zone into deeper waters.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have discovered how a male pheromone enhances female sexual behaviors in mice by activating specific neurons in the brain. The study found that a single purified chemical called ESP1 is detected by a sole corresponding receptor, making it easier to track and understand its effects on behavior.
Exosomes, tiny biological nanoparticles, have shown promise in detecting and treating diseases such as cancer and Parkinson's. Researchers believe they can activate immune responses, deliver therapeutic molecules, and even serve as biomarkers for disease detection.
Scientists have visualized bacterial microcompartment shells at atomic level resolution, revealing their structure and function. This breakthrough opens the door to identifying vulnerable targets for combating pathogenic bacteria and developing new kinds of designer nanoreactors.
Researchers are studying tiny roundworms to understand how grandparents' diets and experiences affect their grandchildren's health. The study aims to create a detailed map of epigenetic markings and explore the consequences of inherited epigenetic information.
A recent study by Virginia Tech researchers breaks down the ideas driving pro- and anti-vaccination stances, revealing that both sides focus on different concerns and interests. The study's findings suggest that understanding these core concepts can help address public concerns about vaccination safety.
A combination of diet, physical activity, and behavioral change interventions may reduce weight in children aged six to 11 years and adolescents aged 12 to 17. The reviews summarize the results of 114 studies involving over 13,000 children and young people.
The review provides a comprehensive understanding of NeuP etiology and pharmacological treatment options. It also discusses ongoing research efforts to develop new treatments for NeuP, aiming to improve diagnostic tools and patient outcomes.
Susan E. Walden, a University of Oklahoma research associate professor and director, has been elected as a Fellow of the American Society for Engineering Education. She is recognized for her contributions to diversity and inclusion in engineering education, particularly through the P-16 initiative.
Research has shown that playing video games can change the brain regions responsible for attention and visuospatial skills, making them more efficient. Additionally, studies have found evidence of increased brain activity in reward system regions associated with internet gaming disorder.
A study reveals that birds' flight ability influences egg shape, with more asymmetric and elliptical eggs found in better fliers. The researchers propose that the stretchy egg membrane is responsible for generating diversity in egg shapes.
Scientists at McGill University Health Centre develop novel enzyme technology that prevents and breaks down biofilms, exposing microbes to antibiotics and host defenses. This approach has huge potential to combat biofilm-associated infections responsible for thousands of deaths across North America.
A team led by Dr James Bryson deciphered magnetic messages in rare metal meteorites, confirming Psyche as an exposed planetary core. The findings suggest the asteroid cooled quickly due to its rocky mantle stripped away.
A new study reveals that college students with disabilities are more likely to engage in binge drinking, with 70% reporting binge drinking at least once in the previous year. The study's findings highlight the need for targeted prevention efforts for this underserved population.
Proton movement in ceramic fuel cells follows polaron model, allowing for increased conductivity. The discovery sheds new light on material choice for sustainable energy and hydrogen storage systems.
A team of scientists is using a combination of satellite and ground data to identify monkey populations that have declined through hunting. This approach combines indicators such as human activity zones, mosquito-derived DNA, animal sound recordings, and detections of other species found when monkeys are present.
Scientists have identified a new fungal skin disease affecting European wild snakes for the first time. The study, led by the Zoological Society of London, confirms that snake fungal disease (SFD) is present in UK and Czech Republic snakes, posing no risk to humans or livestock.
A study published in Cell Chemical Biology highlights the need for new treatment approaches for treatment-resistant prostate cancer. Researchers found that effective steroidal anti-androgens share common metabolic activities, suggesting a potential strategy to improve efficacy.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have designed a sound that is completely inaudible to humans yet is audible to any microphone. This technique, called 'BackDoor,' has numerous applications, including securing private conversations and protecting confidential meetings from electronic eavesdropping. The signal can also be used t...
A study of historic whaling records reveals early warning signs of global population collapse up to 40 years before the event for four whale species. The research provides a potential tool for predicting which species are at risk due to environmental pressures such as overfishing and climate change.
Researchers have designed a flexible thermoelectric energy harvester that rivals rigid devices, using liquid metal interconnects for low resistance and self-healing capabilities. The technology has the potential to power wearable electronics without batteries.
New research by the University of Warwick finds that individuals who spent their entire childhood with a single parent earn 30% less and are more likely to be unemployed. They also have lower levels of wellbeing and life satisfaction in adulthood, with 9% less likelihood of being in a romantic relationship.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Michigan State University have imaged the protein shell of a bacterial microcompartment at atomic resolution. The study provides the first picture of an intact bacterial organelle membrane, which could help in fighting pathogens or engineering beneficial organisms.
Spicules are violently driven jets of plasma that occur thousands of times per day, yet their origin is poorly understood. The new model resolves this mystery by explaining how magnetic fields and solar plasma interact to generate spicules.
Scientists have identified specific areas within cells where hormones can transmit information to exact locations. Targeted therapeutics could be more effective by activating enzymes in these regions. The study also highlights the importance of insulating signal effects to reduce side effects.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University found that a high fat diet rich in plant-derived 'good' fats reduced bacterial diversity and inflammation in mice with Crohn's-like disease. This discovery could lead to new anti-inflammatory probiotics and provide hope for patients suffering from debilitating intestinal symptoms.
Research found no link between proton pump inhibitors and increased risk of dementia in people 75-years-old or older. However, frequent PPI use was associated with higher rates of depression, heart disease, and other health conditions. Regular PPI use also showed a decreased risk of cognitive decline.
Researchers at UCSB used star ascidian to study the interaction between cells and their physical environment, finding a mechanism that allows blood vessels to shrink without impeding blood flow. This discovery has implications for understanding cellular development and metastasis in cancer.
A new study found that more lethal weapons are being manufactured and sold for self-defense purposes, rather than recreational use. The study analyzed data from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) and found a significant increase in the production of high-caliber pistols and rifles between 2004 and 2015.
The third edition of Large Dairy Herd Management is a comprehensive e-book developed to meet the growing information needs of dairy farmers, service professionals, and students worldwide. It features 97 chapters in 15 sections, covering topics such as herd health, nutrition, and reproduction.