Researchers at Stockholm University have discovered how bacteria in hot springs control the burning process, providing insights into human cellular metabolism. By studying oxygen combustion at low temperatures, scientists unraveled the mechanism behind the carefully controlled process in our cells.
Rachel Whitaker, Associate Professor of Microbiology at the University of Illinois, receives a $1.5 million award to study mobile genetic elements and their role in microbial evolution. Her research aims to develop a new evolutionary paradigm to combat antimicrobial resistance.
The spruce budworm's massive defoliation can lead to devastating consequences for the forest industry, causing an estimated $3 billion to $4 billion in losses over the next 30 years in New Brunswick alone. Defoliation increases the risk of natural fires igniting eight to 10 years after a budworm outbreak.
A study led by NYU's Steinhardt School found that believing the system is fair predicts lower self-esteem, risky behaviors, and decreased classroom attention in middle school students. This reversal occurs over time as youth become more aware of structural barriers and inequities.
A team of ecologists has introduced five new species of the Syzygium genus, one of the world's largest tree genera, to the island of Sulawesi. The discovery highlights the vast, undocumented plant diversity on the island and raises concerns about the conservation of endemic species.
A team of researchers led by David Julian McClements aims to quantify the ability of food nanoemulsions to increase pesticide bioavailability, posing a risk to human health. The study will investigate how nanoemulsion composition and structure impact pesticide absorption in fruits and vegetables.
The EcoCity model simulates future city expansion and predicts urban heat island effects. The study reveals different surface temperatures in various function zones, with urban impervious surfaces and green spaces playing distinct roles in thermal regulation.
Researchers found clear links between volcanic activity and the end-Triassic mass extinction. The study revealed repeated large emissions of carbon dioxide from volcanoes, which led to a profound impact on the global climate.
A new study found that older adults are less likely to leave the hospital against medical advice than younger individuals, with men and people insured by Medicaid or without health insurance at highest risk. Factors such as race/ethnicity, poverty, and suboptimal communication play a role in this phenomenon.
A recent discovery by Stanford University scientists could lead to a new, more sustainable way to make ethanol without corn or other crops. The technology uses three basic components: water, carbon dioxide and electricity delivered through a copper catalyst.
Researchers found that restoring a healthy balance in gut bacteria can treat Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) symptoms. The review highlights several studies showing positive impacts of probiotics, prebiotics, diet changes and faecal matter transplants on ASD symptoms.
Scientists have discovered a new type of immune cell that can predict which lung cancer patients will benefit from immunotherapy treatment. The study found that patients with high levels of tissue-resident memory T-cells in their tumour were more likely to survive, and the cells' behaviour played a key role in increasing survival rates.
Researchers found that increasing roasting levels reduced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in coffee extracts, with chlorogenic acid varying by roast level. The study suggests some beneficial compounds may be affected by the roasting process.
A study analyzing 9.7 million young people found that only 26.8% received medication for opioid use disorder within six months of diagnosis. Younger people, females, and non-Hispanic black and Hispanic youth were less likely to receive medications.
A daily low dose of valnoctamide reduces CMV infection in newborn mice and suppresses replication in the brain, normalizing neurological development. The treatment also attenuates neurobehavioral dysfunctions and brain abnormalities associated with CMV infection.
A developing tropical cyclone in the western Atlantic Ocean is expected to strengthen into a tropical storm within the next five days. NASA provided critical data and cloud height information to forecasters, revealing heavy rain showers and towering thunderstorms with heights above 9.3 miles.
The new biofuel can be used undiluted in modern diesel engines or mixed with petroleum diesel, fulfilling EU and US requirements. It has improved properties compared to traditional biodiesel, which vaporizes at higher temperatures and forms deposits on engine components.
Research by Kevin Langergraber and colleagues reveals that patrolling by male chimpanzees increases group size, leading to increased offspring and long-term benefits. This cooperative behavior outweighs individualized efforts, demonstrating a striking example of group-level cooperation among primates.
A UTEP doctoral candidate has discovered three new species of chameleons in the Albertine Rift region of Central Africa. The reptiles were found to be endemic to specific mountain ranges, with two species named after their habitats and a third species named after herpetologist Krystal Tolley.
Scientists have identified mutations in the CARD11 gene that lead to severe atopic dermatitis, an allergic skin disease. Supplementing with the amino acid glutamine may partially correct the underlying cell-signaling defects, according to a study published in Nature Genetics.
A recent study by Emory University highlights the importance of insecticide-resistance monitoring in controlling the spread of Zika and other mosquito-borne diseases. The research found that applying insecticides like deltamethrin in areas with high resistance can be ineffective, emphasizing the need for targeted control measures.
A study finds that many state pension plans use open-ended amortization to delay payments, making their financial condition appear better than it is. This practice exacerbates funding shortfalls and increases the risk of insufficient funds to pay pension obligations.
Researchers from Nationwide Children's Hospital used a combination of immunotherapies in a mouse model of rhabdomyosarcoma, finding that combining oncolytic virotherapy and PD-1 blockades was more effective than either approach alone. This new strategy marshals more T-cells to attack tumors without increasing regulatory T-cells.
Researchers found that couples who viewed positive images of their spouses paired with cute animals showed improved marriage quality. The intervention used evaluative conditioning to create automatic associations between the spouse's face and positive feelings.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology identify tissue-resident memory T cells as an important distinguishing factor between cancer patients whose immune system mounts an effective anti-tumor response. The study found that patients with a high density of these cells in tumor tissue survived significantly longer.
The study highlights potential widespread presence of mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in the US, as well as gaps in local surveillance capabilities. This information will help target limited public health resources and improve understanding of these mosquito species' distribution.
Experts conclude that a near-zero-emissions energy system will require a diverse portfolio of energy technologies, including bioenergy, nuclear energy, and carbon capture technology. The study corrects previous research suggesting the US can be powered solely by solar, wind, and hydroelectric energy.
A University of Alberta research team found that patients with obesity have a higher risk of infection within 30 days after heart bypass surgery, and 88% of these patients received non-surgical PCI. This increased risk may be due to the fact that patients with obesity are more likely to receive PCI.
The Gauss Centre for Supercomputing (GCS) has secured €500 million in funding for the next decade to invest in next-generation systems and strengthen comprehensive user support. The organisation aims to deliver world-class supercomputing resources while fostering interdisciplinary collaboration between researchers and industry.
Scientists used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to reverse Huntington's disease pathology and motor symptoms in a mouse model. The treatment delivered enzymes to brain cells, reducing toxic protein aggregates and improving motor abilities.
A recent study by Columbia University found that financial incentives significantly increased viral suppression and clinic attendance among HIV-positive patients. The study showed a four-percent higher percentage of patients with suppressed virus at sites offering gift cards compared to those without.
A phase 1 randomized controlled trial found an Ebola virus disease vaccine developed in Canada to be well-tolerated and effective, with high antibodies present six months after immunization. The vaccine showed no safety concerns and was well-received by participants.
A study found that 9 out of 10 A🌳 departments fail to identify young people with alcohol problems, preventing vital help. Over 85% of departments do not routinely ask young people or those over 65 about their drinking habits, despite NICE guidelines recommending screening and feedback.
A new study reveals that rising CO2 levels reached a tipping point, triggering sudden temperature shifts of up to 15°C in the Northern Hemisphere during ice age periods. The findings add to evidence suggesting that gradual climate changes can lead to abrupt surprises.
A Drexel University study reveals that birds of different species cooperate to access food sources by following army ant marches. Facilitation theory supports this behavior, where species help each other exploit shared resources.
UW researchers design polymers that can effectively communicate across biological and electronic realms by creating rigid and non-rigid regions with varying conductance properties. These findings may lead to new biosensors, flexible bioelectronic implants, and improved batteries.
Researchers are studying the clinical outcomes of children infected with Zika virus after birth to examine long-term brain development. Neurodevelopmental testing will be conducted to identify changes in children infected with Zika virus.
A systematic review reveals widespread self-medication misuse in the Middle East, with pharmacies selling up to 97% of antibiotics without a prescription. The study emphasizes the need for improved policies and education to address this issue.
A new three-in-one blood test developed by researchers at the Institute of Cancer Research can pick out men with advanced prostate cancer who are likely to benefit from treatment with PARP inhibitors. The test detects early signs of resistance and monitors cancer's evolution over time, allowing for timely adjustments to treatment.
Scientists at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics have developed a new parameter called potential deformation (PD) to diagnose heavy precipitation. PD is closely related to the occurrence and distribution of strong precipitation, with a correlation coefficient reaching up to 0.7.
A KAUST team has found that transition-metal carbides, known as MXenes, can trap sunlight energy to purify water through evaporation. The Ti3C2 MXene achieved 100% efficiency in converting light to heat, while other materials like carbon nanotubes and graphene also showed high efficiency.
Researchers from Queensland University of Technology found that airborne pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria can remain viable in the air for up to 45 minutes after being expelled by human coughs and sneezes. This could have significant implications for infection control in hospitals, particularly for patients with cystic fibrosis.
The EHRA White Book provides comprehensive data on cardiac arrhythmia treatment, including device implantations and interventional procedures. The 2017 edition shows significant disparities in treatment across countries, with higher volumes of device implantations in Western and Northern countries.
A world's largest randomized controlled trial found acupuncture as effective as pain medicine in providing long-term relief for patients with considerable pain. Despite initial pain persistence, acupuncture was deemed a viable treatment option for those unable to take standard drugs due to medical conditions.
A new relapse prediction tool has been developed to reduce the cost of rheumatoid arthritis treatment. The tool, which combines two measurements to predict the risk of relapse in patients with RA, allows for successful dose reduction of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), resulting in significant cost savings.
Researchers analyze coupling relationship between urbanization and eco-environment, finding external elements dominate metabolic structure. This leads to accelerated drop in metabolic emergy intensity and increased environmental load. The study provides quantitative reference points for effective decision-making.
Researchers found that older adults improved movement performance when encouraged to make larger and faster movements, even if it meant making mistakes. This approach helped fine-tune their control and reduce variability in movement patterns.
A public opinion survey conducted across eight Western European countries found that 80% of respondents support increasing spending on education, while only 20% back defense policy. Respondents prioritize general school education and vocational training, with 62% demanding more funding in these sectors.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a new computational method to predict metal reactions with water, enabling faster and more accurate predictions of corrosion. The method combines two techniques and can be applied to various applications, including bridge design and aircraft engine development.
A team of scientists has developed a method to create structures with DNA building blocks, a millionth of a meter in size. They manipulated the sequencing of DNA to offer an intricate approach to synthesize materials at the most fundamental level.
This longitudinal study found that early family relationships significantly impact children's emotional development, particularly in terms of emotion regulation. Problematic family types were associated with increased depressive symptoms and biases in social-emotional information processing. The study suggests that strengthening emotio...
Broccoli extract containing sulforaphane has been shown to lower blood sugar levels in patients with type-2 diabetes, targeting the liver's elevated glucose production and offering a mild side-effect profile.
An educational programme implemented by the Galician Rheumatology League improved employees' self-confidence in their work capacity and awareness of solvable limitations. The programme also helped employers understand specific needs of people with RMDs, making necessary adaptations to keep them at work.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports found a correlation between slower placental oxygen transport and lower newborn birth weights, brain, and liver volumes. Researchers used MRI to map oxygen delivery across the placenta in real-time, revealing differences in regional function that can predict fetal growth.
A study found that chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases are linked to a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease in patients. The research identified specific genetic patterns associated with cardiovascular disease risk across different chronic IMID patient groups, which could lead to the development of more efficient preve...
Researchers have developed a new computer model that generates synthetic data for simulating real-world applications using giant graphs. The model, TrillionG, is faster and uses less resources than existing methods, making it ideal for testing giant graph algorithms and systems.
The American College of Rheumatology and the American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons developed guidelines to manage anti-rheumatic medication in patients with joint replacement. The recommendations prioritize preventing infection over potential disease flares, and aim to lower the risk of complications.
A meta-analysis found that the excess risk of cardiovascular events in RA patients has decreased since the year 2000. The reduced risk appears to be related to better management of cardiovascular risk and control of chronic systemic inflammation.
A research team from China University of Geosciences and Lomonosov Moscow State University studied the impact of wildfire on testate amoebae. They found that fire led to significant changes in the structure of testate amoeba communities, with some microorganisms surviving while others died.
A UM chemist will lead a three-year research project studying the chemical composition and evolution of western wildfire smoke. The study aims to improve understanding of the impact of VOCs on air quality, climate, and human health.