The article provides recommendations to standardize continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in clinical trials, improve glycemic control, and reduce risks of hypoglycemia. The authors suggest better data collection and analysis techniques to maximize the benefits of CGM in diabetes research.
A recent study found that frail patients are almost twice as likely to die in the year following critical care admission, with nearly 40% dying within one year. Additionally, frail patients were more than twice as likely to need institutional care and become increasingly dependent after discharge from hospital.
Researchers suggest dense star clusters as source of gravitational waves, with black holes colliding to produce these waves. Computer simulations and observations point to globular clusters as ideal environments for black hole collisions.
A new dynamic hybrid device technology has been discovered, combining semiconducting molecules C60 with layered materials graphene and hBN to create a unique material that revolutionizes smart devices. The material boasts improved physical properties, including stability, electronic compatibility, and lightness.
Partha Mohanram, a UofT accounting professor, received the award for his scholarly achievements in advancing accounting thought. He is a leading expert in valuation and has published extensively in top accounting journals.
New research finds that older patients can tolerate more post-operative pain, despite reduced functional impairment. However, age may influence how much pain is reported due to social reasons or increased pain perception.
Children with DSD may be able to preserve fertility using experimental techniques, but this raises concerns about cost, insurance coverage, and transmission to offspring. The procedure also presents complex ethical dilemmas, particularly regarding gender dysphoria and autonomous decision-making.
A new study in BioScience explores the role of thermal landscapes in rivers, shedding light on how humans affect water temperature patterns. The research highlights the importance of fine-scale data and models to restore ecological balance and prevent degradation of riverine ecosystems.
A study by researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago found that low levels of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) reduce stress, while slightly higher doses cause increased anxiety. The study used a dose-dependent approach to investigate the effects of THC on stress in healthy volunteers.
Researchers developed a method to identify imported wood using its chemical fingerprint, distinguishing between two separate populations of Douglas-fir trees with high accuracy. The technique has the potential to help law enforcement tackle illegal logging by accurately tracing the origin of wood samples.
Researchers have discovered a crucial step in the water-splitting process, enabling the creation of clean solar fuels. The study reveals the characteristics of cobalt catalysts and their role in facilitating the formation of oxygen-oxygen bonds.
A new analysis found that nearly three-quarters of patients with advanced cancer could be referred to a targeted treatment based on their tumor's genetic landscape. Genetic sequencing identified anomalies in 11% of patients, including hereditary variations that increase cancer risk.
Long-term malaria infections can cause chronic inflammation in the bone marrow, leading to increased bone resorption and substantial bone loss. Oral supplementation with alfacalcidol may reverse this side effect, suggesting a potential treatment strategy for improving bone health in malaria-infected individuals.
Large reservoirs of magma stored deep in the Earth's crust trigger 'super-eruptions' by slowly feeding magma into smaller reservoirs. This process can take millions of years, making these events rare.
A study by researchers at the University of Freiburg found that activation of FOXO can induce tumors in stem cells without initial DNA damage. The team discovered that signals inducing this cancer come from surrounding tissues, including epidermis.
A new study published in i-Perception reveals that facial expressions can cause problems in telling unfamiliar faces apart. Researchers found that expressive training responses were slower and more erroneous than neutral training responses.
A recent study found that delayed eating patterns, compared to daytime eating, can lead to increased weight, insulin, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, negatively affecting fat metabolism. Eating earlier in the day may help prevent overeating in the evening and at night.
A study by the University of Illinois found that herbs and spices on vegetables can make them more appealing to men and younger adults. Participants were more likely to choose seasoned options, especially if they were male and under 50 years old.
A 10-year Lassa virus research project has yielded structural and functional details of a key viral surface protein, which could help advance development of Lassa vaccines. The study provides the first detailed view of the Lassa glycoprotein precursor complex bound to a human neutralizing antibody.
The Canadian Institutes of Health Research has invested over $1.8 million in brain health research at Baycrest, led by Dr. Tomáš Paus and Dr. Bradley Buchsbaum. The studies aim to understand how cannabis use affects brain development and memory in young adults, as well as develop targeted treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.
A review of soft contact lens wear in children and adolescents found no higher incidence of adverse effects than in adults, suggesting they may be safer for younger patients. Greater parental supervision can help mitigate risks.
Researchers have found that red light has no significant effect on the activity of slow-flying, light-shy bats. In contrast, white and green light substantially reduce their activity levels, making red light a potential solution to mitigate habitat loss.
Researchers found that disease incidence in states with prohibitive EPT legislation grew significantly faster than in states where EPT was allowed. States with EPT laws may see reduced rates of chlamydia infections, with an average increase of 14.1 cases per 100,000 people.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University have identified the precise toxic mechanism of alpha-synuclein, a key causative agent in Parkinson's development. The protein inhibits vesicle endocytosis, critical for neurotransmission, leading to its devastating effects on motor control and cognitive function.
Materials scientists at Duke University have resurrected an online cookbook of crystalline structures, featuring 288 entries with data on symmetry, properties, and unit cells. The revamped website provides a flexible platform for researchers to explore and create new materials.
A Georgia State University researcher has received a $7.7 million federal grant to develop three-dimensional human brain models called organoids for studying West Nile and Zika virus infections. The study aims to understand the differences between these two neurotropic viruses, which have distinct disease effects in humans.
A new study led by Giulia Righi identified key factors that put young people with autism at high risk of seeking inpatient psychiatric care. Disrupted sleep and mood disorders were found to be significant predictors, while adaptive functioning had a slightly protective effect.
Rice farmers in Taiwan value eco-labels more than financial incentives, according to a study by the Technical University of Munich. The study found that offering an eco-label can encourage farmers to reduce chemical fertilizers and adopt sustainable cultivation methods.
Weidong Zhou is developing a high-power semiconductor laser that is compact, efficient and power-scalable. The goal of this project is to address the challenges associated with scaling laser power towards kilo- and mega-watts level while maintaining excellent beam quality, high-energy efficiency and compact size.
Researchers have developed a new composite catalyst that reduces the use of rare earth elements, such as Cerium, in catalytic converters. The catalyst showed improved oxygen storage and release capabilities compared to traditional catalysts, providing better buffering effects during fuel-rich and lean exhaust conditions.
A study found that combining therapies targeting polyADP ribose polymerase (PARP) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitors showed promise in treating RAS-mutant cancers. The combination therapy was effective in multiple tumor models, regardless of mutations in tumor suppressor genes.
Researchers have successfully 'turned off' the immune response that causes allergic reactions in animals using gene therapy. The treatment, which targets specific immune cells, has shown promise in de-sensitizing the immune system to proteins, potentially treating severe allergies like asthma and peanut allergies.
Tropical Depression Beatriz strengthened into a tropical storm for half a day before weakening, bringing heavy rainfall to southeastern Mexico. The depression's center of circulation is uncertain due to onshore flow, which may impact the state of Oaxaca.
Older adults with UTIs often don't show symptoms, but antibiotics can still cause harm. New research suggests that natural microorganisms in the body may help prevent UTIs. However, certain groups like pregnant women and those undergoing surgery may benefit from antibiotic treatment.
Experts say international variation in brain death definition must be cleared up to improve management of patients at end-of-life and increase successful organ donation. A universal definition and procedure are needed to reduce confusion and restore professional and public trust.
Scientists at the NIH discovered that each memory is encoded by a unique firing pattern of individual neurons in the brain. The studies also found that the brain replays memories faster than they are stored.
A study published in Journal of Palliative Medicine suggests that patients with life-limiting illnesses may not feel abandoned if their doctor wants to discontinue statin medications. Most patients reported benefits from stopping statins, including improved quality of life and reduced medication costs.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discovered that follistatin promotes decidualization and supports embryo implantation. In a mouse model, female mice lacking follistatin produced fewer pups and failed to attach embryos to the uterine wall.
A new paper aims to establish a global standard for social responsibility in the seafood sector by focusing on human rights violations and improving food and livelihood security. The initiative calls for governments, businesses, and nonprofits to work together to address these social challenges.
A recent study found that long-term bisphosphonate therapy did not significantly reduce the risk of bone fractures in older women. The research team examined data from over 5,000 women and discovered that those taking bisphosphonates for 10-13 years had higher fracture rates compared to shorter-term users.
Researchers have created a method to produce P450 enzymes in bacterial cell factories, which are also involved in the biosynthesis of active ingredients used in cancer drugs. The process could facilitate large-scale production of these enzymes, allowing for more efficient treatment of diseases such as cancer and psoriasis.
Researchers applied novel method to test 'Einstein's equivalence principle' using rubidium atoms in quantum superposition states, confirming its validity with high precision. The study has potential applications in navigation, time measurements, and searching for mineral deposits.
Researchers have designed a molecular system that incorporates individual components specialized for light absorption, charge separation, and catalysis into a single supramolecule. The seven-metal system with six Ru centers produces more hydrogen and remains stable for longer periods than the four-metal system with three Ru centers.
KAIST researchers directly observed the phase transition of topological defects formed by liquid crystal materials for the first time. The defect structures have radial, circular, or spiral shapes centering on a singularity and can be easily observed with an optical microscope.
David F. Dinges, a renowned expert in sleep research, has been awarded the Nathaniel Kleitman Distinguished Service Award for his contributions to advancing sleep science. The award recognizes his extensive work on sleep restriction, circadian biology, and its impact on human physiology and behavior.
A team of citizen scientists using a new tool discovered a previously unknown brown dwarf, about 100 light years away from the Sun. The object was confirmed via an infrared telescope and published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters.
Researchers have developed ultralight ceramic nanofiber sponges that can maintain resilience after compressive strain up to 50% and withstand temperatures of up to 800 degrees Celsius. These sponges also show promise as insulating materials with flexibility and for water purification applications.
Researchers found that oleic acid stimulates miR-7 production, which prevents MSI2 from stopping it and helps form tumors.
The University of Texas at Arlington team will inspect 350 concrete manhole shafts for corrosion, measuring hydrogen sulfide and other parameters to prioritize protection. The study aims to develop a system for prioritizing manhole protection, benefiting the city's infrastructure and water engineers.
Phytolith dating suggests rice domestication occurred at Shangshan in China around 9,400 cal yr BP, or possibly earlier. The study found that rice bulliform phytoliths with more than nine fish scales were present in early occupation stages, indicating the beginning of rice domestication.
A study by Cedars-Sinai Medical Center found that one in three hospitalized patients experience symptoms of depression. Depressive symptoms can delay recoveries, increase hospital stays, and lead to readmissions. The study emphasizes the importance of initiating a depression screening program in hospitals.
Astronomers study properties of debris disk around sun-like star by analyzing light passing through it. The transit allows scientists to infer characteristics of the disk and potentially discover analogues in our Solar System.
Researchers at University of Washington develop SeaGlass to detect anomalies in cellular landscape indicating IMSI-catchers usage. The system identified dozens of anomalies consistent with patterns from cell-site simulators during a two-month deployment in Seattle and Milwaukee.
A systematic review of 25 studies found that recreational running is not associated with osteoarthritis, but competitive running increases the risk. Recreational runners are less likely to develop knee and hip osteoarthritis compared to sedentary individuals.
A new study from Tufts University's Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging has found that dairy products, including milks, yogurts, and cheeses, contain appreciable amounts of vitamin K in two natural forms: phylloquinone (PK) and menaquinones (MK).
Soft robots can adapt to unstructured space environments, satisfy different tasks demands, and improve safety and reliability. Novel actuation methods and control schemes are proposed to address the challenges of soft robot configuration and manipulation.
A census of medium and large mammals found in 22 forest remnants surrounded by sugarcane plantations in São Paulo State, Brazil revealed that 90% of expected species were recorded. The study found rare animals such as the giant armadillo not present, but generalist species like white-eared opossums adapted to disturbed environments.
A new study quantifies CO2 emissions from Sydney Harbour for the first time, finding 1000 tonnes annually, equivalent to 200 cars. The research also reveals that during periods of high rainfall, the harbour becomes a carbon sink.