Children with autism spectrum disorder may benefit from assessments for developmental coordination disorder (DCD) due to overlapping symptoms and co-occurrence. The UTA study highlights the importance of evaluating individuals with autism thoroughly for DCD, which affects up to 7% of school-age children.
The US Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food and Agriculture has awarded $16 million in grants to 42 1890 historically black land-grant colleges and universities. These institutions will focus on building research, teaching, and extension programs in the food and agricultural sciences.
Researchers analyzed Y chromosomes of over 50 horses and found that nearly all modern breeds trace back to Oriental stallions introduced to Europe over the last 700 years. This study reveals the impact of strong selection on males and breeding schemes driven by Oriental ancestors.
Researchers at Penn State discovered that flexible flagella allow bacteria to overcome local forces between molecules, reducing viscosity and effectively thinning the liquid. This understanding could inform ways to control or prevent biofilm formation on surfaces, leading to better medical device designs and filtration methods.
Researchers at Michigan State University found that cellulosic biofuels can provide a climate benefit, but only if certain conditions are met, including using native perennial species on marginal lands and minimizing nitrogen fertilizer use.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have made surprising discoveries about the properties of butterfly wings, shedding light on their structural origins. The study reveals that the whiteness on male butterflies' wings changes depending on the angle, and that this phenomenon is crucial for signaling and mating purposes.
Petunias use volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to attract pollinators and defend against herbivores and pathogens. A newly identified protein helps transport these compounds across cell membranes.
A Sam Houston State University study found that half of witnesses did not select anyone from the lineup, with 78% accuracy when a selection was made. The results show challenges in identifying suspects, particularly for witnesses of different races or ethnicities and those exposed to guns.
A new study suggests that lung cancer screening programs targeting high-risk people could reduce costs while saving lives. The research found that focusing on high-risk individuals could reduce the number of people who need to be screened by over 80%, making the program more cost-effective.
A randomized double-blind study involving 51 participants found a 68% improvement in slowing whole brain atrophy in patients with secondary progressive MS. Lipoic acid also improved walking times and reduced falls compared to placebo.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that antibiotics are effective in treating small skin abscesses when combined with drainage. The study showed higher cure rates for adults and children using clindamycin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, compared to drainage alone.
A study found that emotional messages are more effective in motivating people to pursue social activities again, especially for those who feel socially excluded. Emotional appeals can help counteract the cycle of rejection and isolation, making it easier for individuals to take care of themselves.
Research found that tropical trees have fewer neighbors to compete with, allowing for more space for rare species. This phenomenon, CNDD, contributes to the higher biodiversity in tropical forests compared to temperate regions.
African swine fever is a devastating disease with a mortality rate of over 90% that affects pig populations worldwide. Researchers studied live-pig trade in Georgia to identify patterns and high-risk villages where education and outreach activities can be targeted.
The CVIA China Focus Issue brings together contributions from leading cardiologists in the US and China, highlighting epidemiology, prevention, rehabilitation, and clinical management of CVD in China. The issue also highlights future perspectives in cardiovascular disease of China.
A new Rutgers University study projects that climate change will make the US poorer and more unequal, with severe costs for poor regions. The poorest counties could lose up to 20% of their income if warming proceeds unabated.
Researchers have identified a crucial protein, CIB2, essential for sound wave conversion into brain signals in the inner ear. The study reveals how this protein facilitates mechanotransduction, enabling people to interpret sounds.
Researchers at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health studied the link between food allergy and childhood anxiety and depression. Children with a food allergy had a significantly higher prevalence of childhood anxiety, while symptoms of depression were not linked to food allergies.
Researchers from CHOP and Penn Medicine found that leakage from the liver's lymphatic system causes protein-losing enteropathy in single-ventricle heart disease patients. A novel intervention to seal off leaks improves symptoms and quality of life for these patients.
A recent study by the ENIGMA Project found that many chefs engage in risky behaviors such as serving undercooked meat, returning to work after illness, and failing to wash hands. The researchers used a dice-rolling technique to gather data, which revealed surprising findings about food safety practices in UK kitchens.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute and colleagues discover that nerve cells use two signals to measure position accurately, turning into the right type of cell. This finding could inform regenerative medicine and tissue engineering approaches.
Researchers at Indiana University discovered banned flame retardants, like PBDEs, are passed from mother to baby through the umbilical cord. The study found higher levels of these chemicals in infant blood compared to their mothers.
Researchers at Cornell University discovered a new way to measure tiny amounts of antibodies in foals, helping to understand how quickly they start producing their own. This will aid in optimizing vaccination schedules for young horses.
A new study suggests that converting marginal cropland to monarch-friendly habitat is the most effective way to add milkweed and restore the eastern migratory monarch population. Planting milkweeds in protected areas, urban, and suburban locations may also be necessary to achieve a full population recovery.
A new study shows that sofosbuvir and ledipasvir single pill therapy leads to a sustained virological response in 98% of patients with thalassaemia and HCV. The treatment is expected to be limited by drug-to-drug interactions, but offers a significant benefit for these patients.
A Berkeley Lab-led study reveals phosphate steering, an electrostatic force, guides key enzyme used by both healthy and diseased cells. This finding provides new directions for cancer treatment research.
Researchers found that overweight or mildly obese individuals have better survival rates after a stroke compared to those with normal body weight. The study suggests that increased weight may provide a 'metabolic reserve' that helps recovery from severe disease.
A set of guidelines helps create, reference and maintain web-based identifiers to improve reproducibility, attribution, and scientific discovery in life sciences. Persistent identifiers enable the linking and discovery of data, but their robustness and uniqueness are crucial for usefulness.
Scripps researcher Nick Pizzo found the exact location on a wave where a surfer gains maximum speed, enabling better forecasting of weather and climate. The study also sheds light on the energy transfer between waves and the atmosphere.
Researchers design multifunctional nano-theranostics targeting the unique acidic tumor microenvironment. These smart imaging nanoprobes enable sensitive and accurate tumor diagnosis through signal amplification under reduced pH conditions.
Researchers at the University of Lincoln have produced highly potent and simplified forms of teixobactin, which defeats multi-drug resistant infections like MRSA. The breakthrough comes after pinpointing exactly which amino acid makes teixobactin successful at killing off harmful bacteria.
Researchers found that new opioid use among older adults with COPD is associated with a higher risk of coronary artery disease-related death. The study suggests that opioids may have negative effects on the heart, including lower blood oxygen levels and increased inflammatory factors.
Industrial farming has disrupted the burn-regrowth cycle in grasslands, leading to a 25% decline in globally burned areas. This shift affects iconic species like lions and rhinoceroses.
Researchers developed a new firewall program that monitors for malicious code in Android cellphones and prevents hardware-generated data leaks. The software uses machine learning algorithms to identify anomalies in internal communications and prevent attacks.
A new study found that EPO blood doping has little effect on high-intensity laboratory cycling tests and endurance road-race performances. However, the drug was associated with increased risk of thrombosis due to elevated haemoglobin and adhesion molecule levels.
A study by Rice University experts found that state revenue declines during economic downturns disproportionately affect children, leading to cuts in Medicaid benefits and education spending. The analysis indicates a $64 cut in Medicaid spending per child beneficiary and an $82 per capita cut in long-run state education spending.
Researchers are surveying vultures in Ethiopia to estimate populations and distributions, track movements, and evaluate human repercussions of vulture declines. The Bab-el-Mandeb Strait is a critical site for conservation efforts due to its large concentration of migrating birds from Eurasia and Africa.
A recent field study found that neonicotinoid pesticides reduce honeybee colony survival and overwintering success in two European countries. Exposure to treated crops also decreases reproductive success in wild bee species, highlighting the need for further research on mitigation strategies.
A comprehensive tool to predict individual outcomes in epilepsy surgery will be developed using diagnostic technology and predictive modeling. The project aims to improve patient counseling and benefit public health by providing an objective, validated, user-friendly risk calculator.
Researchers found that bumble bees create more efficient foraging routes when larger flowers are available, as they can quickly recognize and navigate to the next nearest flower. This study suggests that learning is a choice that foragers make based on the cost-benefit balance of learning, depending on circumstances.
A newly discovered ancient whale species offers insights into the evolution of filter feeding in whales. Researchers found that this transitional species used its large molars for filter feeding, suggesting a key step in the development of baleen.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology has made significant progress in developing a DNA vaccine against the dengue virus. Researchers have successfully induced persistent humoral and cellular immune responses in mice, providing efficient protection against lethal challenge from one of the four ser...
A study led by Lindsey Rich demonstrates that camera traps are an effective method for collecting data on species populations. The research found that prey availability can determine carnivore distributions, while human development and influence also impact population sizes.
Researchers developed an AI-based approach to extract lung nodules from chest CTs, improving diagnosis accuracy and reducing false positives. The method can be integrated into existing CADe systems and accommodate new data streams, potentially increasing the five-year survival rate for lung cancer patients.
The USDA is investing $7.6 million in research to help manage pests and beneficial species that affect agricultural crops. The funding will support projects that promote beneficial organisms associated with pests and better understand the fundamental mechanisms of interactions between plants, pests, or beneficial species.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a new approach to convert biomass into renewable biofuels and chemicals, using the trial-and-error power of evolution. By harnessing this power, they were able to coax bacteria to better ferment sugars derived from biomass, leading to a 50% increase in product yield.
Researchers at Hokkaido University discovered that non-autonomous viruses can infect the same plant and exchange DNA to help each other prosper. This 'commensal' partnership with another virus species is crucial in establishing life cycles, with exchanging noncoding regulatory sequences playing a key role.
The Penn researchers will study the role of microbiota and microenvironment in developing Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Their goal is to advance knowledge of the disease and identify novel biomarkers and therapies.
Nicole F. Steinmetz receives two NIH grants to develop microscopic drug-delivery systems for triple negative breast cancer patients and patients at risk of serious blood clots. The funding will enable her team to explore mechanisms behind anti-tumor effects and develop dual-pronged therapeutic approaches.
A team from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory has discovered small RNA fragments that protect the genome from retrotransposons during epigenetic reprogramming in preimplantation embryos. These fragments, consisting of 18 and 22 nucleotides, are perfect complements of sequences within retrotransposons.
Researchers discovered that hydrogen peroxide plays a crucial role in plant adaptation to sunlight. Plants use H2O2 to signal genes in their cell nuclei, allowing them to adjust and protect photosynthesis. This process ensures plants continue to thrive under varying light conditions.
Researchers developed a novel approach to synthesizing Janus particles with controllable topological and chemical anisotropy using emulsion interfacial polymerization. The method produced uniform Janus particles with amphiphilicity, expanding their utility in applications such as oil-water separation and biological detection.
New consensus recommendations suggest that isotretinoin treatment does not significantly increase the risk of abnormal scarring or delayed wound healing associated with skin procedures. The review article analyzed 32 relevant articles and concluded that manual dermabrasion and fully ablative laser procedures are not currently recommended.
A new study found that nearly three-quarters of women relied on a support network to discuss their treatment options and attend appointments. Larger support networks were associated with more deliberation about treatment, suggesting patients are thinking through pros and cons.
Researchers at TUM have created a new process to convert organic waste into fuel, utilizing zeolite catalysts that reduce temperatures and energy requirements. The process takes place in confined spaces inside zeolite crystals, increasing reaction rates by up to 100 times.
A new study by FSU researcher Matthew Pietryka found that people more closely connected to electoral candidates in their social network vote at higher rates. The study also found that greater connection to a particular party increases the likelihood of supporting that party and opposing others.
Researchers at INRS have created a breakthrough photonic system that takes advantage of the frequency domain properties of photons. The system uses on-chip devices and off-the-shelf telecommunications components to generate color-entangled quDits, which can be used for high-dimensional quantum manipulation and transmission.
Exosomes, nanoscale sacs containing biomarkers, can capture changes in enzyme expression due to smoking, disease status, and environmental exposure. Researchers aim to use this non-invasive method to achieve personalized medicine for children and teens with varying levels of individual variability.
A team of scientists has documented early, permanent human settlement in the Andes dating back to around 8,000 years ago. The findings suggest that hunter-gatherers adapted to high-elevation life and survived year-round despite harsh conditions.
Researchers are developing a method to forecast volcanic eruptions by analyzing satellite measurements and ground deformation data. By applying data assimilation techniques, they aim to improve predictions of magma movement and pressure buildup beneath volcanoes.