A study found that while melanoma survivors limit sun exposure, some still seek out tans and get sunburns. Survivors reported suboptimal behaviors, with 20% getting sunburned in the previous year.
Researchers have developed a DNA storage method called DNA Fountain that approaches the theoretical maximum for DNA storage, storing 60% more data than previous efforts. The technique uses a coding approach to randomly package information and reassemble it in order, minimizing errors and allowing for reliable retrieval of stored data.
Professor Erik Bitzek aims to investigate the interactions between cracks and material defects to improve understanding of breaking processes in metals, intermetallic compounds, and semiconductors. He seeks realistic results through micromechanical models and fracture tests to develop novel, fail-safe materials.
Researchers recommend that doctors exclude common liver issues before testing for rare conditions. Directed testing means ordering tests for the most common causes of sudden severe liver issues first, followed by tests for rare, dangerous autoimmune or genetic disorders that attack livers.
A meta-analysis of 113 randomized clinical trials found that exercise, psychological interventions, and their combination were effective in reducing cancer fatigue. Pharmaceutical interventions did not show the same magnitude of improvement.
Researchers propose using CRISPR technology to domesticate sustainable and nutritious crops like wild legumes, quinoa, and amaranth. This approach aims to create 'biologically inspired organisms' by deleting existing genes instead of introducing new ones.
Researchers suggest using a deliberative frame in questions to promote democracy and healthy politics. The approach has shown promise in online town halls between Congress members and constituents, leading to high marks and repeated participation.
Researchers developed two new mechanistic models, Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs), to assess toxicological risk of chemicals without animal testing. The AOPs were recognized by PETA International Science Consortium for their contributions to non-animal approaches.
Researchers found that blocking Keap1 can prevent amyloid-beta peptides damage in mouse nerve cells and shield brain cells from Alzheimer's symptoms. Boosting Nrf2 by blocking its inhibitor has the potential to develop new drugs with fewer side effects for preventing Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions.
Researchers found the average temperature of Earth's mantle beneath ocean basins is about 60 degrees Celsius higher than previously thought, thanks to water in deep minerals. This discovery may change our understanding of tectonic plate movements and mantle viscosity.
New research published in Psychological Science found that simulating someone else's experience leads to greater accuracy in understanding their emotional state, not just observing their behavior. This challenge highlights the importance of empathy and strategies for better understanding others.
Research by University of Kent psychologists finds that most people (99%) approve of revenge porn being posted online, with a link to specific psychological characteristics. The study also found a positive correlation between revenge porn proclivity and the 'Dark Triad' of psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism.
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) is part of a $500 million program to bring whole genome sequencing and other
A recent study published in JAMA Oncology found that exercise alone and psychological interventions significantly reduced cancer-related fatigue. The research analyzed 113 studies involving over 11,000 patients and concluded that exercise is the most effective approach to alleviate this debilitating side effect of cancer treatment.
A newly discovered beetle, Darwinylus marcosi, provides direct evidence of a fourth major gymnosperm-insect pollination mode during the mid-Mesozoic era. The beetle's jaw-like mouthparts and chewing feeding style suggest that it was involved in pollination before flowering plants emerged.
Researchers used systems biology approaches to study the emergence of life and found that a few simple compounds could support a phosphate-free metabolism. This discovery challenges the current understanding of life's origin and suggests that an early self-sustaining metabolic network predated the emergence of nucleic acids.
A new study reveals that plants domesticated by pre-Columbian peoples are more likely to dominate Amazonian forests, with 85 species showing significant impacts from past human influence. The research suggests a lasting impact of human activities on plant distribution and could aid in uncovering unidentified areas of past civilization.
A new study suggests that ancient peoples domesticated tree species thousands of years ago, which are now more common in mature upland forests. The research found that a quarter of these domesticated species dominate large expanses of forest and are vital for the livelihood and economy of Amazonian peoples.
A North Carolina State University study reveals significant knowledge gaps in protecting cultural resources from climate-related changes. Researchers found that most studies focus on European and US sites, with limited research on Australia and Asia.
Researchers discovered that cigarette smoke silences the lung's natural self-healing process by blocking key receptors. Increasing these receptors can restore repair and lead to increased production of vital proteins, offering new hope for developing therapies for COPD patients.
A new study reveals that pre-Colombian peoples played a significant role in shaping modern-day Amazonian biodiversity. The research found that 85 domesticated tree species, including cacao and Brazil nut, were five times more common in forests near ancient settlements.
Brazilian scientists propose a new approach to classify subterranean organisms, highlighting the importance of studying dynamics over three years and considering habitat outside caves. This improved system is crucial for conservation efforts, as misclassification can impair policy efficiency.
A new study published in JOSPT found that physical therapy achieved results comparable to surgery outcomes for patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Patients treated with physical therapy showed faster improvements and similar benefits at one year following treatment.
The Ecological Society of America recognizes Diana Harrison Wall, Kathleen Weathers, and Debra Peters with the Eminent Ecologist Award, Eugene P. Odum Award for Excellence in Ecology Education, and Distinguished Service Citation, respectively, for their outstanding contributions to ecology.
Researchers have developed a new non-invasive method to identify the origin of atrial fibrillation, a type of abnormal heart rhythm that increases the risk of stroke and other complications. The technique uses 64-lead electrocardiogram signals to pinpoint the location of the irregular heartbeat.
Scientists at Northwestern University and University of Michigan report creating the most complex nanoparticle crystal ever made, with potential applications in controlling light, capturing pollutants, and delivering therapeutics. The crystal structure was achieved through a combination of DNA technology and controlled nanoparticle shape.
Scientists developed cone-shaped nanotextures that prevent fog condensation on surfaces in humid environments. These textures, inspired by insect exoskeletons, have excellent anti-fogging abilities and can be applied to materials like silicon, glass, and plastics.
Researchers developed a microscale modulator using plasmonically active gold components, demonstrating fast operation for ultra-broadband signals. The device features compact size and significantly wide bandwidth, supporting higher volume of information flow.
Researchers discovered a neuroprotective compound that reduces brain cell loss and boosts newborn neurons after stroke. The P7C3-A20 compound improves physical balance, coordination, learning, and memory in rats.
A study found that fewer than three out of five women with locally advanced cervical cancer received guideline-based care, with black and Hispanic women receiving lower rates. Despite an increase in guideline-based care over time, disparities persist, highlighting the need for further investigation into barriers to treatment.
Recent research published in Frontiers in Public Health found that horseback riding enhances learning and problem-solving skills in children. The study, led by Professor Mitsuaki Ohta, suggests that the vibrations produced by horses during riding activate the sympathetic nervous system, leading to improved cognitive performance.
Researchers have developed a mathematical model to determine the optimal time for transporting strawberry crops, reducing spoilage and increasing market value. The findings suggest that precision agriculture techniques can be applied to high-value fresh produce, motivating growers to explore new opportunities.
The study identifies a direct role for MCU complex in mitochondrial ROS-sensing, with oxidation-induced S-glutathionylation regulating activity during inflammation and cell survival. The findings could have implications for understanding metabolic disorders and neurological and cardiovascular diseases.
Researchers at Binghamton University developed a Networked Pattern Recognition Framework to analyze patterns in past attacks and predict future behaviors. The framework achieves over 90% accuracy in identifying attack characteristics, extending attacks, multiple attacks, and terrorist goals.
Researchers developed a molecular robot that changes shape in response to specific DNA signals, enabling biomimetic robotics and potential medical innovations. The tiny robot, about 1 millionth of a meter in size, consists of protein and DNA molecules.
Researchers at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution suggest the mantle could be 60°C hotter than estimated, affecting tectonic plate movement and ocean basin formation. This finding may help explain the formation of the seafloor and the movement of rigid plates.
Harbor porpoise newborns exhibit the earliest hearing development in any mammal studied, with full capabilities achieved within a day of birth. This finding contradicts other studies on newborn mammals, which show limited or absent hearing at birth.
A new software tool, CRISPETa, has been developed to efficiently delete non-coding DNA in living cells using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. This innovation has the potential to revolutionize our understanding of the genomic basis of disease and may lead to discovery of new disease-causing genes and potential new drugs.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology found that uninitialized variables in Linux kernel can be used to launch privilege escalation attacks, giving attackers increased access to network resources. A novel attack method, targeted stack spraying, was developed to exploit these vulnerabilities.
Researchers at Penn State are investigating the collection of viruses, known as the virome, in white-footed mice and black-legged ticks to better predict infectious disease outbreaks in humans. The team aims to identify new infectious viruses in these animals before they spill over into humans.
Researchers created an AI system called DeepStack that outperforms human players in heads-up no-limit poker by leveraging asymmetrical information about the game state. The system solves approximately 10^7 decision points in 5 seconds, enabling potential advances in real-world problems involving information asymmetry.
Researchers compared the genomes of a 45,000-year-old mainland mammoth with one from Wrangel Island, which had only 300 animals. The analysis revealed an excess of genetic defects, including loss of olfactory receptors and urinary proteins. This study provides insights into the effects of small population sizes on genome deterioration.
Researchers found that 99% of face images can still be recognized up to six years later, but accuracy drops if images are taken more than six years apart. The study emphasizes the importance of capturing new images every four to five years to reduce false positives.
A new study by MIT researchers finds that firms with high debt levels laid off more workers during the Great Recession, exacerbating unemployment spikes. The research analyzed employment and housing data across the US, revealing a strong link between firm leverage and local unemployment.
The discovery of two ancient skulls in central China provides a unique glimpse into the biology of early humans in the region. The skulls, dated to around 100,000 years ago, exhibit a mix of features from different human populations, suggesting regional interconnectedness and population continuity across Eastern Eurasia.
A new study reveals that acupuncture improves carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms by rewiring the primary somatosensory cortex in the brain. Real acupuncture at the affected hand led to measurable improvements in outcomes and long-term symptom relief, while sham acupuncture had no physiologic effects.
A new study found that nations with indirect alliances are less likely to engage in major conflicts. The probability of conflict between neighboring countries decreases as the degree of separation increases, reaching a low of 3-4% for those within three degrees of each other.
A study published in JAMA Dermatology found that actinic keratosis management costs differ significantly across regions. The researchers discovered that understanding these geographic variations can help identify areas with excessive spending and potential for cost savings.
A study in Norway's boreal forest reconstructs past events over the last 700 years, showing a surge in human-instigated fires during the 17th and 18th centuries followed by fire suppression after AD 1800. The analysis provides valuable insights into historical fire patterns, guiding forest management planning.
Researchers created a potentially safer alternative to common hair dye ingredient PPD by mimicking melanin using polydopamine. The new dye lasts through multiple wash cycles without causing noticeable side effects.
Researchers at Medical University of South Carolina have identified a brain circuit that inhibits automated behavior and is involved in smoking cessation. Smokers who successfully quit had lower BOLD responses in this circuit before attempting to quit.
A Yale-led team has created one of the highest-resolution maps of dark matter ever produced, providing a detailed case for its existence. The map, derived from Hubble Space Telescope Frontier Fields data, closely matches theoretical predictions and offers insights into the universe's structure and galaxy formation.
A McMaster University study found that intestinal bacteria impact both intestinal and behavioral symptoms in IBS patients, potentially leading to new microbiota-directed therapies. The study also suggests a possible link between gut bacteria and other brain disorders such as autism, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis.
A new study by Michigan Medicine researchers found that cells from lung transplant patients with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) can become activated and promote scarring. The team identified a chain of upstream signals starting with autotaxin, an enzyme that generates lysophosphatidic acid, which stimulates collagen production.
Researchers found that genetic modifications are unlikely to conquer Earth due to natural resistance. Gene drives, like CRISPR/Cas9, can spread quickly but will eventually be outcompeted by natural selection.
Scientists have observed rapid temperature changes in ultra-fast black hole winds, which are responding to X-ray emissions from the accretion disk. This discovery provides clues for locating the origin of these outflows and their connection to galaxy formation.
A new long-term study harnesses social media data to understand the reasons people vape, shifting away from cessation to social image. The study found that misinformation drives some vapers' rationales for using e-cigarettes.
A study by NYU's Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development found that excessive TV viewing is negatively associated with early academic skills, particularly math and executive function. Children from low-income families are disproportionately affected.
A new study by Florida Atlantic University researchers found that American workers without paid sick leave are less likely to receive preventive health care screenings, including flu shots. The study highlights the importance of paid sick leave benefits in promoting public health.
Research by Ben-Gurion University finds that men's psychological momentum, driven by testosterone increases after success, leads to exaggerated risk-taking in financial markets. This can create price bubbles. The study suggests that increasing women in financial markets may help stabilize these markets.