Research suggests that people with a history of incarceration are more likely to experience unstable housing or homelessness. A study of 1,200 vulnerably housed and homeless single adults found that only 34% were housed during the two-year study period.
Chemists from the University of Basel have successfully simulated molecular crowding in artificial vesicles, offering insights into the development of nanoreactors and artificial organelles. The study reveals that the crowding effect influences enzymatic kinetics, enabling specific control over chemical reactions.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food and Agriculture has announced funding for fundamental and applied research on canola to increase productivity and profitability in various growing environments. This $766,000 grant program aims to develop new commercial products from canola and improve production systems.
Researchers found that dairy foods like milk and yogurt are associated with higher bone mineral density in the spine, reducing bone loss risk. Vitamin D supplementation stimulates calcium absorption, benefiting bone health, particularly among older adults affected by osteoporosis.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago report that increasing expression of cytokine LIGHT in mice with colon cancer activates the immune system's natural cancer-killing T-cells. This leads to a significant decrease in tumor burden, including primary tumors and metastatic tumors in the liver.
The 'Brainhack 2016 Project Reports' collection features eight project reports applying open science to advance brain understanding. Researchers developed tools like the Semi-automated Robust Quantification of Lesions (SRQL) Toolbox and Mindcontrol, a web-based dashboard for collaborative neuroimaging data quality control.
Research suggests exposure to low doses of pyrethroid insecticides may be associated with behavioral disorders in children. Higher levels of specific metabolites were linked to internalising and externalising behaviors.
A telephone-delivered collaborative care program improved health-related quality of life and anxiety symptoms in primary care patients compared to usual care. The intervention also produced significant improvements in mood symptoms, with African-Americans and men reporting the greatest levels of improvement.
Researchers developed software RODEO to identify clusters of genes indicating an organism's ability to synthesize therapeutically promising molecules. The tool uses machine learning approach to recognize predictive genomic features and has been successfully applied to a class of molecules called lasso peptides.
A Phase III clinical trial revealed that blinatumomab significantly increased overall survival and remission rates compared to standard chemotherapy in patients with advanced acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The study showed a median survival of 7.7 months for those treated with blinatumomab versus four months for those on chemotherapy.
A comprehensive atlas of human long non-coding RNAs shows that nearly 2,000 have potential involvement in diseases and genetic traits. The research suggests that many long non-coding RNAs are generated from enhancer elements, deepening the understanding of their origins.
Researchers identify 208 minerals formed due to human activities, bolstering the argument for a new geological time interval. The vast majority of these minerals originated through mining and human industry since the mid-1700s, underscoring the immense impact of human activities on Earth's mineral diversity.
A new wireless patch has shown significant results in reducing migraine pain, with 64% of participants experiencing a 50% or greater reduction in pain after using the device. The study found that starting stimulation within 20 minutes of a migraine's onset was more effective in reducing pain.
A new study published in the BMJ Journal for Medical Humanities found that shared reading can be a useful therapy for chronic pain sufferers. The study compared shared reading to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and found that shared reading provided a more comprehensive approach to managing emotional pain.
A new article published online by JAMA Dermatology estimates the global burden of skin disease, with dermatitis and acne vulgaris ranking among top causes. Skin diseases accounted for 1.79% of the global burden of disease in 2013, equivalent to 41.6 million DALYS.
A research team led by the University of Leicester identified a breakthrough in the cause of airway narrowing in severe asthma cases. The study found that an active form of key protein HMGB1 is increased and related to airway narrowing.
A recent study by researchers at Columbia University Medical Center found that only 16 percent of heart attack survivors meet the recommended amount of physical activity in the weeks following hospitalization. Clinician-supervised exercise programs have shown promise in encouraging more physical activity, but participation remains poor.
Researchers have successfully imaged the two dominant melanin molecules using a refined Raman-based technique, CARS microscopy. This breakthrough could lead to new understandings and early detection of melanoma, particularly in cases where pheomelanin is present.
The high cost of drugs has soured public sentiment towards the industry. Industry experts argue that more transparency and perspective are needed to understand the complex reasons behind price hikes.
A study of over 8,000 Kuwaiti adolescents found that metabolic diseases are associated with altered oral bacteria and increased risk of dental disease. The study suggests that preventive dental care is crucial for managing metabolic diseases.
The GOES-16 SUVI instrument has successfully captured its first solar images, providing valuable data on coronal plasma temperatures and emission measurements. This will enable the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center to issue early warnings for potential geomagnetic storms impacting Earth's magnetic field.
A study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found that women who consumed a diet high in sugar-sweetened drinks and processed meats during adolescence or young adulthood had a higher risk of premenopausal breast cancer. The researchers recommend consuming a diet rich in vegetables, fruit, whole grains, nuts, seeds...
Researchers found a new species of worm in an orchard in Jaén, characterized by its penis-less males. The microworms feed on bacteria and are resistant to dehydration due to their second skin.
A recent University at Buffalo study reveals that unequal power in young adult relationships is particularly detrimental to women, with diminished intimacy and stability being associated with increased risk of abuse. The research suggests that young women are already at a disadvantage due to intersecting forms of oppression.
Despite significant weight gain, anorexia nervosa patients' brains continue to exhibit elevated reward systems, suggesting a prolonged recovery period. The study suggests that neurotransmitter dopamine plays a key role in the disease's pathology and may require targeted treatments.
A Veterans Affairs study of mental health patients found that accessing clinician notes can foster trust through transparency and consistency. However, patients also reported concerns about errors, outdated information, and gaps in diagnoses, which erode trust.
Researchers found that loss of tumor-suppressing genes, not mutations, leads to resistance to immune checkpoint blockade drugs in melanoma. Anti-CTLA4 treatment can prime T cells for anti-PD1 therapy, improving patient response.
A new framework guided by game theory, known as the Blame Game, can help policymakers decide whether to retaliate against a cyber attack. The framework considers vulnerability and potential consequences of assigning blame, helping nations make informed decisions in the face of increasing cybersecurity threats.
The International Society of Feline Medicine has published consensus guidelines on the diagnosis and management of hypertension in cats. The guidelines emphasize the importance of early detection and treatment, highlighting challenges such as routine blood pressure monitoring being performed infrequently in cats.
An international team of researchers identified a core set of genes involved in honey bee responses to viruses and parasites. The findings provide new possibilities for breeding more resilient honey bee stocks and understanding pathogen interactions with other insects.
Histone deacetylases are an important family of proteins regulating gene expression; altering their function can induce tumors to develop. Researchers successfully isolated HDAC using SAHA as a molecular bait, paving the way for novel cancer treatments.
The Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program has released high-quality images of a large swath of the night sky, containing 100 million stars and galaxies. The data will allow researchers to search for previously undiscovered galaxies and study dark matter, which can be detected via its effects on gravity.
Researchers found that cytology was very sensitive and consistent for detecting invasive cervical cancer even in low-resource settings. Cytology may be used to diagnose cervical cancer earlier in women at high risk, leading to improved overall survival from the disease.
A systematic review found that lowering healthy food costs increases their consumption, while raising unhealthy food costs decreases intake. This intervention strategy has the potential to prevent disease and reduce healthcare costs associated with diet-related health issues.
A new study assesses potential climate damage to 19 major European coastal cities, predicting annual economic losses ranging from $1.2 billion to over $40 billion by 2100. The study emphasizes the need for adaptation measures to avoid critical damage and major losses.
Researchers at DESY developed tailor-made corrective glasses to concentrate X-ray beams stronger than ever before. The lenses improved focus by three-quarters and reduced scattered light, enabling more precise measurements and new applications.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Roentgenology found that FDG PET/CT is a valuable imaging tool for treating lung cancer patients, especially when clinical suspicion or evidence of disease recurrence or metastasis is present. However, its routine use without clinical suspicion should be discouraged until its value fo...
Breast cancer patients who receive nine-week Herceptin treatment experience significant increases in survival rates and quality-adjusted life-years. The study found that switching to the nine-week course could save the NHS over £100 million a year, while being just as effective as the current 12-month duration.
Researchers develop a new PET radiotracer that can quickly identify life-threatening atherosclerotic plaques by detecting inflammation. This breakthrough has the potential to prevent heart attacks and strokes by allowing for early treatment of atherosclerosis.
A new study reveals that nanotechnology can be used to rapidly rewarm cryogenically treated samples without damaging delicate frozen tissues. This technology may help make organ cryopreservation a reality, eliminating transplant waiting lists and reducing rejection rates.
The researchers created a synthetic version of tooth enamel to improve resilience in rigid structures. They successfully mimicked its properties through layering and polymerization, demonstrating that this material can absorb vibrations effectively.
Researchers identified an enzyme called CYP46A1 that eliminates both cholesterol and cholestanol from the brain, reducing the formation of debilitating brain lesions. The discovery could inform clinical trials to test the enzyme's potential as a therapeutic target for these diseases.
Harvard researchers developed a portable, handheld device to fabricate nanofibers with precise control over fiber orientation. The pull spinning method uses only one processing parameter to regulate nanofiber diameter, making it easy to use and flexible.
The 2017 seismic hazard model forecasts lower damaging ground shaking levels in the central and eastern U.S., but Oklahoma and southern Kansas still face a significant risk of induced earthquake damage. For over 3 million people, the chance of damage is similar to natural earthquakes in high-hazard areas of California.
Researchers found that restoring predators and prey species together is faster and more efficient than pursuing restoration of one species at a time. This approach, also known as synchronous recovery, can lead to significant ecological and economic benefits.
The American Academy of Otolaryngology has released updated guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of BPPV, emphasizing patient education and shared decision-making. The new guidelines aim to reduce unnecessary diagnostic testing and improve quality-of-life outcomes for patients with BPPV.
A recent study at MD Anderson Cancer Center found that a protein called ENL plays a key role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a fast-growing cancer of bone marrow and blood cells. Depletion of ENL led to anti-leukemic effects, suggesting BET inhibitor drugs as a potential treatment for AML.
A new study found that 20% of homeowners who could have benefited from refinancing didn't, resulting in thousands of dollars paid over the life of the loan. The researchers suggest that behaviors like inattention and procrastination are preventing people from taking advantage of long-term benefits.
A team of scientists led by Jonathan Gagné has found evidence of undetected giant exoplanets in the TW Hya star association, approximately 100 light years from Earth. The researchers used an initial mass function to calculate the distribution of mass in the group and predict the number of undiscovered objects.
Nation's top environmental scientists say the EPA should continue to engage with the broad community of scientists to inform policy decisions. The authors call for enhanced research funding and environmental scientific capacity to address key uncertainties and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that depression significantly increased in the US from 2005 to 2013 among current, former, and never smokers. The prevalence of depression is consistently higher among smokers, but the rate of increase was more prominent among former and never smokers.
Boston University will launch the Women Veterans Network (WoVeN), a nationwide network of structured support groups for female veterans. The program aims to enhance wellness, quality of life and family relationships for women who have served in the military.
A team of physicists at the University of Warsaw has created a multidimensional entangled state of a single photon and a trillion rubidium atoms. By storing the photons in the laboratory for several microseconds, they have demonstrated the joint entanglement, resolving the long-standing paradox of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen.
A pilot study of guanfacine, an alpha2-agonist, found the drug safe and well-tolerated in pediatric patients with anxiety disorder. The study suggests potential effectiveness and opens doors to further clinical testing.
A new study suggests that musical scales may have evolved to accommodate the variability of the human voice, rather than the perfect tuning of instruments. This theory has implications for understanding the development of singing and speech production in tone languages.
A new study suggests that air pollution can dissolve iron particles in airborne particles, increasing the amount of greenhouse gases that the world's oceans can absorb. Scientists have found thick sulphate coatings containing soluble iron on iron-rich particles from steel manufacturing and coal burning in the East China Sea.
A new computer model is being developed to simulate the mechanical properties of snow and predict its behavior in various scenarios. This model will enable more accurate forecasts for avalanches and help determine the load on buildings caused by snow.
Researchers observed two bee species using green plastic to construct brood cells, a novel behavior that may reflect adaptive traits for survival. The study highlights the innovative nesting strategies employed by bees in response to environmental changes.
New research by Lehigh University professor Michael Gill and Stephanie C. Cerce found that considering a wrongdoer's life history reduces harsh blame but doesn't change the perception of their free will. This approach, known as historicist narrative, can lead to more constructive prison systems and improved mental health.
Scientists found that cell powerhouses called mitochondria can break down misfolded proteins, which are thought to contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. This discovery could help explain why protein clumping and mitochondrial deterioration are hallmarks of these conditions.