A global research team developed a new Web app to compare and align marine species occurrence maps from two extensive databases, improving the basis for ecological studies and policy decisions. The updated maps include 24,586 species, with some discrepancies found in the IUCN and AquaMaps datasets.
Research reveals how hypoxia leads to inhibition of miR-34a, a key tumor suppressor, promoting metastasis and EMT. The findings suggest that targeting this process with drugs could be a therapeutic approach for treating metastasizing colon tumors.
A study published in Scientific Reports reveals that diagnosing diseases and prescribing treatments engage the same brain system involved in everyday identification tasks. This finding may lead to new approaches to reduce medical errors by decreasing attentional focus during diagnosis.
Researchers have identified a novel adenosine receptor gene, A2c, that mediates the appetizing smell of fish food in zebrafish and other aquatic vertebrates. This receptor is highly sensitive to ATP and related compounds, triggering foraging behaviors.
Researchers in Europe have found that people from Britain, Ireland, and Portugal drink the most, with binge drinking common in these countries. The study also reveals a link between social status and alcohol consumption, with wealthier individuals drinking more.
The world's first computerized tomography (CT) images of biological tissue using protons have been produced, revolutionizing Proton Therapy for cancer treatment. This breakthrough enables detailed three-dimensional images to be created, allowing for more accurate targeting of tumors and reduced radiation exposure.
Japanese researchers isolated a protein essential for chloroplast nucleoid segregation, improving understanding of chloroplast DNA dynamics. The moc1 gene functions as a 'Holliday junction resolvase', untangling DNA structures crucial for cell health.
Research by Brown University geologists reveals that ancient Mars impacts generated tornado-like wind vortices that scoured the surface, exposing blockier surfaces beneath. The winds, which reached speeds of up to 500 miles per hour, were responsible for creating bright streaks on the Martian surface.
Researchers have discovered a more favorable virus species for delivering genes, as its surface structure avoids liver toxicity. This could enable the use of viruses in gene therapies and vaccine development.
Researchers discovered brain structure changes in older adults without noticeable memory problems, using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test. These findings suggest that brain imaging may predict dementia years prior to diagnosis.
Research predicts achieving a 'tobacco-free' UK by 2035 will save the NHS £67m in direct costs and £548m in economic costs. The study forecasts nearly 100,000 new cases of smoking-related disease will be avoided, including 35,900 cancers over 20 years.
Researchers have found a link between malignant hyperthermia susceptibility and exertional heat stroke in mice. The study suggests that intense exercise in challenging environmental conditions can trigger lethal crises in susceptible animals, which may be relevant to humans.
A UCLA study has discovered a pair of genes in Caenorhabditis elegans that encode both a poison and its antidote, representing a clear example of 'selfish genetic elements'. The research suggests that these elements could be used to stop the spread of diseases like malaria.
A team of scientists has discovered that breast cancer cells rely on a different nutrient metabolism to produce energy than normal cells and non-metastasizing cancer cells. Inhibiting this process reduces metastases by over 60% in mouse models.
Researchers at Simon Fraser University and Kwantlen Polytechnic University are developing sustainable clean-tech solutions for global potable water and clean food production. The project aims to improve energy and water consumption, as well as environmental and carbon footprint in closed greenhouses.
A study by the University of Waterloo found that frequent marijuana use among high school students negatively impacts academic performance, with those who started using regularly being four times more likely to skip class and half as likely to achieve high grades.
Astronomers have found clear signs of water in the atmosphere of HAT-P-26b, a Neptune-sized exoplanet. The presence of water suggests that the planet's gaseous envelope formed late in its formation process, with little to no pollution by impacting debris.
Researchers have identified a microRNA biomarker that shows a strong association with atrial fibrillation incidence. The study found that low levels of miR 21 are strongly linked to the development of atrial fibrillation, which can increase stroke risk and negatively impact quality of life.
A Hokkaido University researcher found a correlation between high tropical Pacific seawater temperatures and increased ice breakup in East Antarctica. The study suggests that warmer seawater triggers atmospheric waves, leading to large ice breakups at Syowa Station.
According to a new study, people with smiling faces are perceived as older than those with neutral or surprised expressions. Researchers suggest this is due to wrinkle lines forming around the eyes when smiling. This finding challenges conventional wisdom about the effect of smiling on age perception.
A team of scientists has found that bacteria living in marine sponges can produce toxic compounds nearly identical to man-made fire retardants, also known as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The discovery could help understand the human health implications of these additives.
A recent study published in Journal of Interpersonal Violence found that males with low resting heart rates were at significantly greater risk of engaging in stalking behavior. Males with heart rates one standard deviation below the mean or lower had nearly three times the odds of having engaged in stalking compared to other participants.
A human protein called valosin containing protein (VCP) is crucial for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication. Reducing VCP expression in infected cells significantly reduced viral replication.
Scientists at the University of Illinois have discovered a small molecule called hinokitiol that can transport iron in human cells and animals when proteins are missing. This breakthrough could potentially treat diseases such as anemia, cystic fibrosis, and certain types of heart disease.
A growing number of cases in Western countries have been linked to the consumption of raw or undercooked fish, specifically sushi. Anisakiasis is caused by eating infected fish and can lead to symptoms such as upper gut pain, vomiting, fever, bowel obstruction, and bleeding.
A new study published in Nature Communications suggests that maintaining high levels of adenosine in rats with damaged ACLs prevents osteoarthritis. Adenosine replacement therapy could potentially delay the onset of osteoarthritis and joint replacements.
Reduced natural dust from the Gobi Desert leads to increased man-made pollution over eastern China due to reduced temperature differential between sea and land, resulting in weaker winds and air stagnation. This has a profound effect on climate and air quality, with cleaner air observed two to three days after wind-borne dust arrives.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have shed new light on the electronic properties of Sr2RuO4, a topological superconductor. At temperatures above its critical temperature, the material exhibits anomalous interactions between electrons.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine discovered a protein called free C3d that stops cancer's ability to prevent the immune system from destroying cancer cells. The study showed an 80-90% decrease in cancerous tumors, and free C3d has potential as a cancer vaccine and treatment.
MARRVEL, a big data search engine, enables researchers to efficiently access human genome variants and phenotypes from multiple databases. The tool provides a concise summary of the most relevant information, facilitating analysis and discovery.
A new study by Prof. Ruth Feldman reveals that a positive father-child relationship can buffer the negative effects of maternal depression on family-level functioning. Children in families with sensitive fathers showed improved social engagement and reduced conflict, despite their mothers' depression.
Researchers modeled prehistoric human migration using a diffusion equation, accounting for geological data and habitability factors. They found that groups merged in well-localized regions within the subcontinent, with genetic data agreeing with their predictions.
A non-toxic mixture of chitin-rich crab shell powder and silver nanoparticles effectively inhibits the growth of mosquito larvae and prevents bacterial species from multiplying. The eco-friendly solution shows promise in controlling the spread of disease-carrying mosquitoes, including those responsible for malaria.
Researchers discovered a dual peptide called PGLP-1 that promotes insulin secretion and inhibits gluconeogenesis, potentially improving glycemic control in type 1 diabetes. It also shows promise in reducing insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Researchers found that injecting an anti-inflammatory steroid directly into the tissue surrounding a leg artery reduced inflammatory biomarkers and prevented repeat blockages. The treatment showed promise for improving treatment outcomes for patients with peripheral artery disease.
A new study found that warmer temperatures have deepened the decline in streamflow in the Upper Rio Grande watershed since the mid-1980s. The research suggests that incorporating temperature into water supply forecasts could improve their accuracy, especially in the face of climate change.
A meta-analysis of three trials found that CD34+ stem cells improved exercise time by 80.5 seconds and reduced mortality by 24 months in patients with refractory angina. This therapy has been shown to be safe and effective for treating patients with limited options.
Researchers have found evidence that enterococci bacteria developed antimicrobial resistance around 425 million years ago, when their prehistoric animal hosts transitioned to land. This ancient adaptation enabled the bacteria to survive in a range of challenging environments, including hospital settings.
A new study finds that tamoxifen reduces food intake and prevents fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and fatty liver deposits in female mice fed a high-fat diet. Tamoxifen's protective effects are attributed to the activation of ER°-AF1, opening up possibilities for new therapies.
Tropical Cyclone Donna produced extremely high rainfall totals, with IMERG estimates exceeding 62.4 millimeters (24.6 inches) in areas affected by the storm.
Research reveals that TV accentuates traditional women's roles at the expense of their needs, leading to lower sexual assertiveness and increased shame. Women who reject these norms face backlash, making it difficult for them to challenge negative discourse and improve their confidence about sex.
Researchers have discovered a 36.4-million-year-old whale fossil that suggests baleen whales' ancestors were toothy suction feeders, diverging from their hunting lifestyle to filter-feed tiny marine animals. The study also reveals that whales likely lost hind limbs more recently than previously estimated.
Researchers from Mayo Clinic have made significant progress in understanding the DNA damage response proteins and their role in repairing double-strand breaks. The study reveals how these proteins work together to fix damaged DNA, potentially leading to new therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
A new study combines traditional CHA2DS2-VASc risk score with the Intermountain Mortality Risk Score to provide more accurate evaluations of atrial fibrillation patients' individual risks. This allows for better decision-making regarding blood thinners use, taking into account both clinical and biological factors.
A new study has identified various medical diagnoses that may elevate an individual's risk of developing acute kidney injury (AKI) while in the hospital. AKI is often associated with medical or surgical conditions that deprive the kidneys of normal blood flow, and previous studies have only identified certain risk factors.
A recent study of 114 academics in the UK found that while 58% believe Learning Styles is beneficial, only 33% use it. The study also revealed that most faculty consider the approach fundamentally flawed and prefer evidence-based techniques instead. Promoting these effective methods could be a more productive focus for education research.
Scientists have discovered two molecules that enhance tissue repair in vital organs, potentially leading to new treatments for diseases like asthma and fibrosis. The study found specific signals in the lungs and liver can regulate the immune response, aiding in damage repair.
A new study by Cornell University researchers estimates the densities of black bears in southern New York, finding an average density of about 13 bears per 38.6 square miles. The findings provide clues for how bears might continue to use landscapes farther north as their ranges expand.
The study reveals three primary genetic clusters of snow leopards, each found in a distinct geographical region. The discovery sheds light on the species' evolution, ecology, and conservation, highlighting the need for transboundary initiatives to protect this majestic big cat.
A new study reveals that HAT-P-26b, a Neptune-sized planet, has a hydrogen and helium-dominated atmosphere with a strong water signature. The discovery challenges the long-held assumption that planets like Neptune formed in a region of icy debris, instead suggesting alternative formation mechanisms.
Using a genetic 'toolkit,' scientists observe unprecedented interaction between Brucella and Legionella pneumophila, improving infectious potential of Brucella. The technique creates light-emitting bacteria for easy observation, identification in the lab.
Tropical Storm Adrian formed on May 10, but quickly lost steam, weakening to a remnant low pressure area by May 11. The storm's maximum sustained winds dropped to near 30 mph (45 kph), with some further weakening forecast over the next 48 hours.
A study in PLOS ONE reveals that Yellowstone grizzly bears continue to forage for declining whitebark pine seeds, a key food source. The analysis suggests that some bears may be consuming more plants and berries in response to the decline of whitebark trees.
Patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation post-TAVR have a nearly five-fold greater risk of early stroke compared to those without AF. The BRAVO-3 trial found that patients with existing or new AF had higher rates of pre-existing comorbidities and were more likely to receive oral anticoagulants.
New research reveals that choosing empathy routes can affect helpers' health and well-being. The study suggests that training professionals to engage in IOPT can help reduce burnout.
Researchers found combining Intermountain Mortality Risk Score (IMRS) with traditional CHA2DS2-VASc score improves identification of atrial fibrillation patients at higher risk of dementia. This study used data from nearly 75,000 AFib patients with no history of dementia.
Researchers discovered Hinokitiol's ability to transport iron across cell membranes, correcting anemia caused by genetic deficiencies. The compound also promotes iron gut absorption and hemoglobin creation, suggesting its potential for treating human diseases.
Researchers found that a 61-year-old man with severe alcohol dependence and stuttering stopped stuttering after taking baclofen, a muscle relaxant. Further studies are needed to confirm the finding, but the authors propose plausible biological explanations for the effect.
A team of neuroscientists confirms Immanuel Kant's 18th-century claim that experiencing beauty requires thought. The study found that adding a distraction to the experience reduces feelings of pleasure and beauty in viewing beautiful images, but not those from non-beautiful things.
Scientists discovered that biological activity in sea spray affects the chemical composition of aerosol particles, making them more complex and diverse. This finding could improve the accuracy of atmospheric and climate models, which play a crucial role in understanding the impact of sea spray on climate.