A new study by University of Arizona researcher Russell Toomey found that LGB-specific strategies promote health and reduced likelihood of dropping out of high school. Cognitive and alternative-seeking strategies were associated with poorer adjustment, depressive symptoms, and lower self-esteem.
A world-first study found that pregnant rays are traumatized by capture, impacting their reproductive potential and offspring health. The study, led by Leonardo Guida, examined the southern fiddler ray and found that trawl capture can affect fetal development, leading to smaller, lighter offspring with compromised immune systems.
Researchers discovered iodide phasing is universally applicable to membrane protein structure determination, enabling a molecular-level understanding of biomolecules. This breakthrough accelerates computer-aided drug development and makes it cheaper.
A study by ETH Zurich researchers reveals that regional variability plays a key role in extreme precipitation, with increasing atmospheric moisture and weaker vertical wind velocities contributing to differences. The decomposition of projections highlights weaknesses in existing climate models and provides insights into where to focus ...
VoCo enables users to edit audio tracks by typing a transcript, automatically synthesizing new words in the speaker's voice. The system uses an optimization algorithm to find and stitch together phonemes, producing natural-sounding results.
Researchers precisely measured the entropy of a cerium copper gold alloy to shed light on high-temperature superconductivity and similar phenomena. The study provides new evidence about the possible causes of these phenomena near a quantum critical point, where electrons fluctuate between two different quantum states.
A new study has identified a protein called high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) that may help patients with epilepsy respond more positively to drug therapies. The research found that HMGB1 isoforms can predict how an epilepsy patient's seizures will respond to anti-inflammatory drugs.
Tadpoles are highly attracted to adult frogs and try to mount them to escape their siblings. The study's findings have implications for understanding begging behaviors in poison frogs and parent-offspring conflicts in amphibians.
Physicists at the University of Houston have discovered a highly active and stable electrocatalyst produced from ferrous metaphosphate on a nickel foam platform, outperforming traditional catalysts in efficiency and affordability. The breakthrough could enable large-scale water splitting to produce hydrogen for clean energy.
The Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics presents novel therapeutic approaches for treating uveitis, including cyclosporine, topical ganciclovir, and regulatory T cell therapy. These advances aim to improve treatment outcomes and quality of life for patients with autoimmune uveitis.
Researchers have mapped areas with high rare earth mineral resource potential within heavy mineral sands in the southeastern United States. The study suggests that a large percentage of these minerals are derived from specific Piedmont province rocks via coastal processes during Atlantic opening.
A new study found no correlation between sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk in children aged 3-8 years. However, less sleep was associated with higher levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. The researchers suggest that sleep quality may have a greater impact on cardiometabolic risk than sleep duration.
The National Institute on Aging has renewed Penn Medicine's Alzheimer's disease genetics data repository, providing $7.7 million in funding over five years. The site gathers and organizes genetic data to aid researchers in understanding the disease's origins and potential prevention and cure strategies.
A new genomic analysis reveals the bladderwort plant retained and enhanced genes related to its carnivorous nature despite evolutionary pressure. The study identifies genes facilitating prey trapping, digestion, and protein transport, which are highly active in the plant's vacuum traps.
Researchers used satellite data to estimate historical algal blooms in Lake Erie, doubling the available years of data. Decadal-scale cumulative phosphorus loading helps predict bloom size, suggesting a possible decade-long benefit from recent nutrient reductions.
Researchers found that Tibetan Alpine grasslands are vulnerable to climate warming, with temperature changes destabilizing the ecosystem. The study suggests reduced forage production in drought years and increased biomass production in wet years, posing consequences for ecosystem services like climate regulation and water conservation.
A steroid hormone called ecdysone has been identified as a crucial trigger for brain development in fruit flies. The hormone is similar to human thyroid hormone and its activity timing may hold clues to maternal hypothyroidism, a condition that can cause severe neurological defects and fetal brain damage.
Young veterans with combat-related PTSD have an increased 'fight or flight' response during mental stress, contributing to higher risks of high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. Researchers found that these individuals had higher adrenaline levels and less control over their heart rate in response to blood pressure changes.
Researchers discovered that normal cells recognize and attack transformed cells through metabolic changes, including mitochondrial dysfunction and elevated glucose uptake. These changes play a crucial role in eliminating early-stage cancer cells.
A team of researchers at Osaka University used advanced technology to investigate the interaction between anti-TNF drugs and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). They found that the size and shape of the TNF-drug complexes differ among three tested drugs, with implications for predicting therapeutic effects and optimizing drug design.
The lack of access to essential antibiotics, particularly for treating sick babies and children, is a pressing concern. The high costs involved in registering medicines in multiple countries are the primary cause of this issue, combined with the relatively small market for these antibiotics.
A study by Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute found that long-term aspirin therapy does not lower the risk of stroke for patients with atrial fibrillation who are considered low-risk for stroke. Instead, it increases the risk of gastrointestinal and genitourinary bleeding.
A recent study led by Kanazawa University has discovered that serotonin neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus inhibit catalepsy by reducing activities of the amygdala that controls emotion. This finding provides new insights into the narcolepsy mechanism and holds promise for developing new therapies for cataplexy.
Electroplating enables the production of high-quality, high-performance battery materials, opening doors to flexible and solid-state batteries. The new method bypasses traditional powder and glue processes, resulting in 30% more energy storage and faster charging.
A new analysis reveals that early treatment for Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) patients leads to a significant reduction in mortality. The study found an 87% lower mortality rate and a 38% lower mortality rate for high-risk patients when treated within 24 hours of symptom onset.
A UK research team found Campylobacter on nearly half of the boots worn by volunteer walkers in countryside areas, with prevalence varying by region and season. The study used a novel method to assess human/pathogen interactions, providing insights into potential routes of infection.
The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) has recognized outstanding SCAI members for their contributions to the field of interventional cardiology, education, and patient care. This year's award recipients include George Vetrovec, MD, MSCAI, and nine Master Interventionalists, who have demonstrated a commitme...
Scientists from the University of Exeter found that a 183 million-year-old oceanic oxygen depletion event ended after one million years due to increased atmospheric oxygen and rising fire activity. This study highlights the critical need to limit carbon emissions to prevent future anoxic events in the modern ocean.
A compound called interleukin 4 helps macrophages kill parasites and promote healing in lung tissue by binding to a receptor called myosin 18A. This discovery could lead to better treatments for common infections, including those caused by parasitic worms that infect hundreds of millions of people worldwide.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center have created miniature lung structures, known as organoids, that replicate key features of a full-sized lung. These tiny organs may aid in understanding and treating respiratory diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
A new study has found that delayed treatment with anticoagulation therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation increases the risk of dementia. The study, conducted by researchers at Intermountain Medical Center, included over 76,000 patients and found a significant increase in dementia rates among those who received delayed treatment.
Researchers at UPV/EHU develop biodegradable gelatin scaffolds that release growth factors to promote bone tissue regeneration. The scaffolds successfully imitate the body's natural processes, including protein release profiles and angiogenesis.
A new study by Vetmeduni Vienna found that shearing alpacas in a standing position produces the least amount of stress for the animals. The research team used clinical parameters and saliva/faeces cortisol levels to measure stress, finding that restraint without shearing had no significant impact on these values.
Positive data from Phase 1 trials of Nexvax2 in celiac disease demonstrate safety, tolerability, and bioactivity. The vaccine reduces gluten-specific T cells' responsiveness to antigenic stimulation without apparent duodenal injury.
A team of researchers from Case Western Reserve University used data science to predict the deterioration of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films in solar panels. The study, published in PLOS ONE, combines engineering epidemiology and statistical-data analytics to develop predictive models for environmentally exposed applications.
A study found that using smartphones to deliver lab results to attending physicians reduced discharge time by 26 minutes for chest pain patients. This innovation could improve emergency department flow and reduce waiting times.
Researchers at the University of Surrey found that metabolic changes caused by poor diets and sedentary lifestyles can trigger genetic reprogramming in cells, leading to inflammation and cartilage damage. By controlling metabolic changes through healthy eating and exercise, it may be possible to slow or even prevent osteoarthritis.
Research shows that the presence of HMO in formula-fed babies' digestive systems increases both good bacteria and metabolic activity beneficial to their health. The study also found that the addition of HMO brings Similac closer to breast milk than ever before, closing gaps in immune function.
The Genetics/Genomics Competency Center (G2C2) has expanded its genomic resources for healthcare professionals. The website offers over 500 materials on genetics and genomics concepts for use in the classroom and clinic, including new resources on genomic technologies and genetic testing.
Researchers created a physics-based sediment transport model to accurately describe the Yellow River's sediment load. The formula can be applied to study eroding coastlines worldwide and mitigate Huanghe floods, threatening 80 million people.
The RESET and MedVet-Staph networks have investigated the development, spread, and mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics in humans and animals. Key findings include widespread occurrence of ESBL- or AmpC-producing E. coli in livestock and increasing hospital-acquired infections with these enterobacteria.
The Royal Astronomical Society has funded five public engagement projects to promote astronomy and space science, including tactile stargazing for blind people and adventures in space for girls. The projects aim to increase interest and participation in these fields, particularly among underrepresented groups.
Researchers from Kyoto University have made a breakthrough in understanding the role of unfolded protein response (UPR) transducers in coping with ER stress. They found that different UPR transducers are activated selectively, depending on the developmental stage of the cell and type of stress, to orchestrate various biological processes.
A study found that male great tits choose neighbors with similar personalities, while females prefer males based on attractive qualities. This behavior may influence bird survival and social organization.
Lung cancer cells in an invasive pack have specialized roles as leaders and followers, which depend on each other for mobility and survival. The leader-follower symbiosis could be a key target for future treatments aimed at impairing or preventing cancer metastasis.
The PRECISION trial demonstrated clinical and technical success for patients undergoing robotic percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using radial or femoral access. Technical success rates were higher for transradial access procedures, while clinical success rates showed similar outcomes between both approaches.
A new study found that stress-mitigation interventions for parents of children with asthma had no impact on reducing asthma symptoms in kids. However, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) guidelines provided significant improvements in symptom-free days and overall health outcomes.
Researchers at University of Leicester discovered that the Earth's mantle is divided into two large domains that convect independently, with limited mixing between them. Upper mantle material flows to lower parts of the mantle when it reaches a subduction zone, maintaining separate domains.
A subgroup analysis of the BRAVO-3 trial found that patients with balloon expandable valves had a different baseline profile than those treated with non-balloon expandable valves. This suggests that differences in patient characteristics, not valve type, drive TAVR outcomes.
Researchers developed a novel approach to solve difficult computational problems using statistical mechanics and reversible logic gates, avoiding phase transitions that slow down the process. The vertex model can be applied to machine learning, circuit optimization, and other major computational challenges.
Researchers identified a genetic locus on chromosome 12 associated with anorexia nervosa, which also shows correlations with neuroticism and schizophrenia. The study suggests that anorexia may have both psychiatric and metabolic roots, potentially leading to new treatment opportunities.
Researchers found that PTEN, a frequently deleted tumor suppressor gene in cancer, can regulate oncogene expression by increasing the deposition of DAXX and H3.3 onto chromatin. The study showed that eliminating both genes led to a synthetic growth defect, slowing down tumor growth.
Researchers identified a new test to predict the severity of IBD in children based on faecal microbiota profiles. The study found that children with more extensive IBD had distinct gut microbiota profiles, including higher levels of Clostridiales and Proteobacteria.
A new study from the University of Connecticut found that even light physical activity can improve mental well-being and reduce depression. The research suggests that individuals who engage in low-intensity exercise, such as a leisurely walk, experience greater benefits than those who undertake vigorous activities.
The Hubble Space Telescope has imaged two galaxies in close proximity, each traveling at approximately 2 million kilometers per hour. Their interaction will cause distortions and changes to the structures of both galaxies due to gravitational forces.
Researchers have discovered a small molecule called hinokitiol that can transport iron across cell membranes, potentially treating iron deficiency and overload. This breakthrough has significant therapeutic potential for addressing various iron-related disorders.
Children's rejection is influenced by the interpretations of others rather than their behavior. A new study found that the reasons behind rejection often stem from the rejecters' perceptions, such as fear or mistrust.
Researchers at the University of Basel successfully studied the strength of hydrogen bonds in a single molecule using an atomic force microscope. They found that hydrogen bonds play a crucial role in the properties of molecules and macromolecules, such as water's high boiling temperature.
The Graz University of Technology team uses computer simulations to propose a fundamentally new concept for controlling electronic properties of materials. Collective electrostatic effects are used to intentionally manipulate material properties, demonstrating its potential in solar cells and three-dimensional materials.
Researchers found that American alligators use vocalizations to signal their body size, which is a common pattern also seen in birds and mammals. This acoustic cue allows individuals to avoid physical confrontations and ensures mating success.