Researchers analyzed 548,055 single nucleotide polymorphisms to model Bantu-speaking peoples' migration paths and gene variations. They found that BSPs acquired adaptive genes from other African populations, including immune-related genes, and retained western RHG ancestry in modern African Americans.
Researchers have created detailed atlases of immune cells surrounding human tumors, revealing unique profiles that can estimate cancer prognosis and identify potential targets for early immunotherapy. The findings have the potential to inspire new precision immunotherapy clinical trials.
Researchers have developed a novel technology to correct disease-causing aberrations in the chemical tags on DNA that affect gene expression. The tool uses DNA methylation editing to model mutations associated with colon cancer and restore proper methylation patterns in stem cells derived from patients with Angelman syndrome.
Researchers at Imperial College London have successfully engineered baker's yeast to produce penicillin molecules, demonstrating the effectiveness of synthetic biology in discovering new antibiotics. The study could lead to the development of novel antibiotics and anti-inflammatories using re-engineered yeast cells.
The RAISE mission will take 1,500 images of the sun's surface in just five minutes, providing high-cadence observations of its dynamic processes. By analyzing these images, scientists can study solar flares and massive eruptions, gaining insights into the sun's complex magnetic activity.
A new study by the American Cancer Society finds that sugar-sweetened beverages have become more affordable in nearly every country, with real prices dropping in 56 of 82 countries. This increase in affordability is expected to drive increased consumption and hinder efforts to address the obesity epidemic.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that tablet-based, multimedia-enhanced training significantly improved internal medicine exam performance. The integrated program combined theoretical training with clinical practice, utilizing digital media and learning materials to enhance knowledge acquisition.
A study suggests that the onset pattern of an epileptic seizure may be determined by characteristics of the surrounding 'healthy' brain tissue, not just the site where the seizure originates. The high amplitude slow pattern is associated with higher excitability in surrounding healthy tissue.
A study by Lund University found that bold common roaches, known for their bravery, are twice as likely to be eaten by cormorants. Shyer individuals, on the other hand, survive to a greater extent in the wild. The researchers' focus on behavioral traits rather than morphology provides new insights into predator-prey interactions.
The European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO) has launched the Global Impact of Radiation in Oncology (GIRO) partnership to improve radiotherapy access worldwide. The project aims to save one million lives by 2035 by addressing barriers to provision and raising awareness among healthcare professionals and patients.
Research by Dr Richard Stephens found that swearing aloud improves anaerobic power and isometric handgrip strength in participants. The study suggests that swearing stimulates the body's sympathetic nervous system, but further investigation is needed to understand its effects.
Researchers estimate Zika's economic burden in the US, ranging from $183 million to over $1.2 billion depending on infection rates. The virus can lead to serious health issues like Guillain-Barré Syndrome and birth defects.
A research team at Rockefeller University has identified a potent new weapon against the Zika virus: Z004, an antibody that neutralizes the virus and could be used to create a vaccine. The discovery was made by analyzing blood samples from people who had been infected with the virus.
New research presents findings that adolescents with mental health issues or past suicide attempts are more likely to have easy access to firearms, either in their own home or a friend's. This increases the risk of violent behavior and accidental death by guns.
A new study estimates that nearly half of the population will develop hand osteoarthritis, affecting hand strength and function. Individuals with obesity are at a significantly increased risk, highlighting the need for public health and clinical interventions to address this common condition.
A new analysis by an international research panel suggests that reducing short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) like methane and black carbon could yield major health benefits and slow global warming over the next 25 years. Curbing these emissions would also provide substantial benefits for investing in sustainable development.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have developed computationally efficient methods to approximate potential energy surfaces, allowing for the detailed study of complex hydrocarbon molecules. The technique speeds up quantum mechanical computations by exploiting the low-rank structure of potential energy surfaces.
Duke researchers have created 3D-printed electromagnetic metamaterials with potential to revolutionize the design and prototyping of radio frequency applications. The use of a highly conductive material, Electrifi, enables rapid construction of complex devices and accelerates the design process.
A study found that people with Down syndrome experienced nearly three times greater variability in autorefractor testing compared to a control group. This increased variability can lead to incorrect vision prescriptions and reduced chances of reaching the best possible refraction for those with Down syndrome.
Researchers at SISSA discovered that weight gain after deep brain stimulation is associated with an increased desire for food and level of impulsiveness. The study also found a link between the duration of Parkinson's disease and reduced pharmacological treatment, highlighting potential preventative measures.
A new study found that adolescents who consume high amounts of salt exhibit measurable changes in their blood vessels, including increased arterial stiffness, which is a known risk factor for heart attack and stroke. The study suggests that excessive salt consumption in youth may put them at higher risk for future cardiovascular disease.
Research reveals that over 5,800 US youth were hospitalized for firearm injuries in 2012, resulting in 16 children per day. The study found that most injuries among 15- to 19-year-olds were the result of assault, while nearly 90% of gunshot patients were male and over half were Black.
Researchers at North Carolina State University and Indiana University found that widely used government spending models can be rigged using assumptions to control forecasts. They developed an impartial version of the model, which suggests every dollar of increased government spending results in more than a dollar's worth of GDP growth.
Researchers found that resveratrol supplementation reduced aortic stiffness by up to 9.1 percent in patients with high arterial stiffness, but the effect was not significant in those with normal aortic stiffness. Resveratrol may activate the longevity gene SIRT1 as a potential mechanism for its effects.
In a study published in Cell, researchers found that liver size in mice increases by almost half before returning to its initial dimensions. The fluctuations are influenced by the rhythm of food intake and physical activity. The discovery sheds light on how our circadian clock affects liver function.
Scientists develop a hybrid nanomaterial that releases a free-radical-generating prodrug inside tumor cells, destroying them even in oxygen-depleted conditions. The material damages cells by a ROS-type radical mechanism without the need for oxygen.
A regional climate model predicts that future Hawaiian snowfalls will decrease dramatically, with average winter snowfall expected to be ten times less than present day amounts by the end of the century. The study provides insights into the benefits of model downscaling and highlights the need for monitoring climate change in the region.
A study funded by Morris Animal Foundation has shed light on how the deadly facial tumor disease in Tasmanian devils evades the immune system. The research found that DFT cells produce a molecular shield to hide from attacks, offering potential strategies for protection.
A new study links knee osteoarthritis to noisy knees in high-risk individuals. Approximately 75% of those who developed OA within a year had x-ray signs but no frequent pain.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet reveals that certain 'master' regulatory proteins can activate normally inactive genome regions due to epigenetic changes, leading to embryonic development and cancer. The findings contribute to a better understanding of gene regulation and its role in diseases.
Researchers from the University of Exeter have developed a method to use graphene to generate complex and controllable sound signals, opening up new possibilities for audio-visual technologies. The technique involves heating and cooling graphene using an alternating electric current, generating sound waves without physical movement.
A recent study by Queen's University Belfast found that 50% of baby rice food products contain illegal levels of inorganic arsenic, a known carcinogen. The research highlights the vulnerability of babies to arsenic exposure and its potential long-term health consequences.
A new study by Michigan State University researchers found that climate change will increase the annual impact of tornadoes on mobile homes, with a predicted threefold rise over the next few decades. The study highlights the vulnerability of mobile home residents to tornado-related fatalities and recommends policy changes to reduce risk.
Researchers discovered that tumor cells in patients with advanced prostate cancer are reprogrammed, reducing response to anti-androgen therapy and creating more aggressive tumors. SOX11 acts as a key regulator in this process, which may be targeted for new treatments.
Researchers discovered that changing the circadian clock in mouse liver alters how the body responds to diet and changes the microbes living in the digestive tract. The study found that mice lacking a specific gene in their liver had different gut microbiomes and responded differently to weight loss diets.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine reveals a genetic mutation that makes bone vulnerable to bisphosphonates, increasing the risk of atypical femur fractures. The discovery highlights the need for personalized treatment approaches to prevent this complication.
MU researchers have found a biomarker test that helps diagnose ALS also assists with determining a diagnosis for degenerative myelopathy. The study used phosphorylated neurofilament heavy proteins released into spinal fluid and blood to develop the diagnostic tool.
A new study published in Diabetologia found that high levels of fish-derived fatty acids, particularly DHA and DPA, were associated with a lower risk of early autoimmunity in infants at high genetic risk for type 1 diabetes. Breastfeeding was also linked to higher serum levels of protective fatty acids.
A new study found that alcohol brand placements in popular movies nearly doubled over the past two decades, especially in movies rated for children. Alcohol brands were shown in 44% of all movies and characters drinking was portrayed in 87% of all movies, with child-rated movies showing a high frequency of brand placements.
Researchers from Oxford's Wildlife Conservation Research Unit found that less affluent countries are more committed to protecting large animals than richer ones. The Mega-Fauna Conservation Index reveals that African nations, including Botswana and Tanzania, contribute significantly to conservation efforts.
A recent study from Harvard Medical School revealed the surprising role of omega-3 fatty acids in maintaining the blood-brain barrier's impermeable nature. By suppressing transcytosis, these essential fatty acids inhibit the formation of caveolae, a type of vesicle that facilitates molecule transport across cells.
Researchers can now count individual birds on remote islands using high-resolution satellite images, allowing for more accurate monitoring of endangered albatross populations. This innovative method is a significant step forward in tracking these iconic birds, which breed in some of the world's most inaccessible locations.
RTI's study finds TROSA, a therapeutic community program, saves North Carolina millions by preventing arrests, incarceration, and emergency hospital visits. The program also provides vocational training and education, with high success rates for residents maintaining sobriety and employment.
Researchers discovered genetic influences in 'type 1.5' diabetes that may offer clues for more accurate diagnosis and treatment. The study found that LADA is closer to T1D than T2D, suggesting some patients with adult-onset type 2 diabetes may have late-onset type 1 diabetes.
A study by Northwell Health pediatrician Ruth Milanaik found that parents tend to choose 'health halo' products when only viewing package images, leading to a lack of nutritional label scrutiny. The research also reveals that popular children's TV shows influence kids' food choices and expectations.
Researchers at the Institute of Physical Chemistry of Poland create a working memory based on chemical phenomena using Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. The system stores two logic states in triplets of adjoining droplets, allowing for permanent data storage.
A new study analyzing human and fruit fly genomes reveals that higher mutation loads lead to increased declines in relative fitness due to synergistic epistasis. The research helps explain why sex and genetic recombination are advantageous, and provides insights into the processes driving these effects.
Researchers at Newcastle University have identified the key role of filaggrin in triggering eczema by creating a human model system that mimics the skin condition. This discovery provides new understanding of the mechanisms involved and suggests targets for future drug development.
Research at Pediatric Academic Societies 2017 Meeting reveals racism harms children's health, with exposure tied to ADHD, anxiety and depression, as well as decreased general health. Low-income, minority children particularly affected.
A new study reveals a previously unknown mode of communication between the hippocampus and red nucleus during REM sleep in infants. This synchronization is essential for motor control development and may contribute to motor problems in disorders like autism and schizophrenia.
A Kentucky study highlights the harms from disruptions in children's Medicaid coverage, finding that children who lose coverage for at least 45 days are more than three times more likely to visit an emergency department and nearly five times more likely to have unmet health care needs compared to those with continuous coverage.
A recent study published in Endocrine Practice found that only 35% of transgender patients chose to undergo any form of gender-affirming surgery. Transmen were more likely to have surgery, with over half opting for chest surgery, while transwomen were less likely to undergo genital surgery.
Adolescents who experienced physical or sexual abuse were more likely to engage in non-suicidal self-injury than their non-abused counterparts. Additionally, females with depression, ADHD, and mood disorders were at higher risk, while those with emotional support had lower rates of self-injury.
Research presented at the 2017 Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting suggests that handheld screen time use is associated with increased risk of expressive language delay in infants. Children under 2 years old who spend more time playing with smartphones, tablets, and other handheld screens are more likely to begin talking later.
A new analysis of decades-long ocean data reveals a troubling oxygen decline, with oxygen levels dropping in the 1980s as temperatures rose. The rate of global oxygen loss exceeds natural variability, impacting marine habitats and leading to frequent 'hypoxic events' that kill or displace fish populations.
The KAIST team discovered a new molecular signal triggered by IPMK enzyme in mediating innate immune response to sepsis. This finding suggests a potential therapeutic target for treating serious medical conditions like neuroinflammation and polymicrobial sepsis.
A large data set has revealed genetic variations that are more common in black women with breast cancer, which could lead to more personalized risk assessments and improved treatment outcomes. The study also found that black women were more likely to develop aggressive breast cancer subtypes.
Women living in deprived areas are over 60% more likely to have anxiety than those in richer areas. Men's anxiety levels remain relatively stable regardless of their socioeconomic status. This study highlights the importance of considering gender when addressing mental health disparities.
A new study investigates the use of oxygen therapy via high-flow nasal tubes in patients with COPD experiencing exacerbations. The short-term trial found lower retained carbon dioxide levels compared to standard oxygen therapy, suggesting a potential benefit.
Researchers have identified 111 new chromosome locations associated with type 2 diabetes susceptibility in a large-scale study. The new loci were found to regulate the expression of at least 266 genes that neighbour the disease sites.