Engineers at Tohoku University created a system to measure the van der Waals' bonding force between crystal layers, increasing its strength seven times. This breakthrough enables more durable gallium selenide crystals for advanced technologies.
New data reveals that only half of Americans with hepatitis C are aware of their condition, leading to missed opportunities for effective treatments. The lack of routine screening, asymptomatic nature of the disease, and restricted Medicaid coverage in some states contribute to these poor outcomes.
The research demonstrates significant potential for semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes as primary material for efficient thermoelectric generators. The discovery enables the fabrication of devices from a single material, simplifying production and improving performance.
A giant gas giant planet, NGTS-1b, has been discovered orbiting a tiny star, defying conventional formation theories. The planet's proximity to its star and short orbital period pose significant challenges for understanding the origins of such massive worlds.
A new study published in Political Behavior suggests that voting alone does not directly reduce criminality and may not foster good citizens. The research analyzed a large-scale field experiment involving over 550,000 young adults aged 18-20 in the US, finding no correlation between voting and reduced crime rates.
Researchers developed illuminated pajamas that emit therapeutic blue light directly onto a baby's skin, improving the treatment experience and reducing discomfort. The photonic textiles, woven into satin fabric, are breathable, comfortable, and suitable for everyday wear.
A new cosmic picture of the universe's history shows a close agreement with previous findings, leaving little room for new physics that could reveal dark matter and dark energy. The results support the standard model of Big Bang cosmology, but scientists remain hopeful that new observations will offer clues about what lies beyond.
A study by the University of Plymouth found that oysters exposed to expected future levels of ocean acidification and warming do not lose their sensory qualities. This has potentially positive implications for global food supply, as seafood represents a significant portion of animal protein intake.
A new study found that playing position and career duration influence brain damage in former football players, with non-speed players experiencing more localized damage. The researchers used MRI techniques to analyze brain structure and function, suggesting that position-specific helmets may be warranted.
A recent study found that US cancer drug costs increased substantially after launch, with prices rising by 37% over 12 years. The research team analyzed the monthly price trajectories of 24 FDA-approved cancer drugs and discovered no correlation between price changes and market structure or competition.
A new study in Biological Psychiatry provides direct human evidence for a decades-old theory linking heightened arousal and reactivity in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to overactivity of the locus coeruleus (LC), a brain region that mediates arousal and reactivity. The study found that participants with PTSD exhibited increased ...
A large national sample of youth will be studied over several years to understand how sexual minority stress changes over time and its resulting health risks. The study aims to enable the development of targeted and effective behavioral health interventions to improve health outcomes for this vulnerable population.
Researchers found TAVR to be highly cost-effective compared to SAVR in intermediate surgical risk patients with aortic stenosis. Over two years, follow-up costs were substantially lower with TAVR than SAVR, resulting in lifetime cost savings and improved quality-adjusted life expectancy.
Australia is currently on track to eliminate hepatitis C due to its efforts in enabling population-wide access to treatment. However, maintaining high annual treatment numbers is crucial to meet the 2030 elimination target. For hepatitis B, progress is slower, and a significant commitment is needed to achieve the elimination goals.
A large study of FEA lesions found that only a small percentage (2.4%) upgraded to breast cancer at surgery, while 30% were upgraded to higher-risk but non-cancerous lesions. Surveillance over surgery is recommended for women with FEA who do not have genetic mutations or are not interested in chemoprevention.
Researchers at the University of Washington developed a new type of smart fabric that can store digital data without electronic components. The fabric uses off-the-shelf conductive thread with magnetic properties to encode and decode data, enabling secure passcode storage and smartphone-controlled interactions.
Researchers developed a mathematical model of cefixime resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, estimating that treating up to 25% of cases with cefixime would not lead to resistance re-emerging. The study suggests cefixime may be an effective alternative to current treatments in the fight against antimicrobial-resistant gonorrhea.
Researchers found berberine improves diabetic encephalopathy through the SIRT1/ER stress pathway in db/db mice, linked to better lipid metabolism and decreased fasting glucose. The compound also protects against central nervous system degeneration and cognitive impairment.
Researchers from the University of Houston are studying the impact of rainwater surging into Galveston Bay, estimating 34 trillion gallons fell along the Texas-Louisiana coast. They will survey the sea bottom and collect sediment samples to understand extreme event sedimentation patterns.
A University of Oregon study found that bilingual preschoolers develop faster inhibitory control skills than monolingual peers. The research used a longitudinal approach to examine the effects of bilingualism on executive function development in low-income children.
A novel technique has enabled researchers to unravel complex physical processes during fracture in microscopic detail and in real time.
Researchers have identified a different strain of Salmonella Typhimurium in the UK that is less severe and susceptible to antibiotics compared to the strain causing high levels of disease in sub-Saharan Africa. The genomic differences between the two strains may hold clues to why the African strain causes such high mortality rates.
A new collaboration tool, FeatureHub, enables thousands of researchers to contribute to data analysis projects by automatically evaluating proposals and identifying useful features. The system has been tested against top-scoring entries in a Kaggle competition, producing results within three points of the winners.
Researchers discovered that our chromosomes age along with us, affecting how our immune system renews itself. In young people, thousands of gene sites are open, while in older adults, these sites become closed, leading to decreased activity in genes and pathways critical for defending against disease.
Chronic hepatitis B and C cause life-threatening liver damage, cancer, and premature death, with 300 million infected worldwide. Donors are essential to deliver results in the next 13 years, as domestic funding is unlikely to meet the challenge.
A Norwegian research team found that energy efficiency labeling for homes has no significant effect on purchase price. The researchers conducted a thorough analysis of home sales data before and after the labeling system was introduced in Norway in 2010. They discovered that any apparent impact of the label was likely due to other fact...
The Cleveland Clinic has been awarded a 5-year, $2.6 million grant from the National Cancer Institute to create innovative models of colorectal cancer. The project aims to better understand how the disease develops and spreads.
Researchers aim to integrate advance care planning into nursing home workflow to support decision-making for dementia patients and their families. The multistate project will evaluate the effectiveness of a pragmatic program that helps staff identify patient goals and values.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that removing weekend allied health services from hospitals had no significant effect on patients' length of stay or adverse events. In fact, having no services was associated with a 2% reduction in length of stay and a 3% decrease in adverse events.
The City College of New York has received a $174,895 NSF RAPID grant to investigate the impacts of post-hurricane land-atmosphere interactions on convective and precipitation processes in the Caribbean region. Researchers will conduct field studies in Puerto Rico to improve their understanding of storm development and intensification.
A research team has discovered a technique called Accelerated Evolution that rapidly generates valuable natural products by mimicking bacterial evolution processes. This breakthrough could lead to hundreds of new compounds and revolutionize natural product drug discovery.
UNC researchers discovered that high-intensity shear shock waves amplify deep inside the brain, delivering a tenfold increase in tissue-ripping acceleration. This phenomenon may explain why some head knocks cause more harm than others.
Researchers at Stanford University developed a platform called Abuzz that uses cellphone recordings to track mosquito populations and distributions. The platform aims to create the world's largest network of mosquito surveillance, enabling targeted control efforts and reducing the burden of mosquito-borne diseases.
A RUDN University researcher found that plant root secretions stimulate microbial activity, leading to faster decomposition of organic matter and increased nutrient availability for plants. This has significant implications for long-term carbon accumulation and soil fertility in paddy soils.
A $10 microchip can be mounted onto a traditional ultrasound probe, providing 3-D imaging abilities similar to CT scans or MRIs. This technology has the potential to improve patient care, especially in emergency medicine and trauma cases where CT scans are not available.
A new study of over 80,000 adults found that strength-based exercise reduced the risk of premature death by 23% and cancer-related death by 31%. The research suggests that governments and public health authorities should promote strength-based guidelines to encourage long-term health and wellbeing.
NGTS-1b, the largest planet compared to its companion star, has been discovered by an international collaboration of astronomers. The giant gas giant orbits a small star half the size of our Sun and challenges theories on planet formation.
A new study found that future volcanic eruptions could lead to surface cooling of up to 40% due to the oceans' decreased ability to moderate the climate impacts. The increased cooling would disrupt the water cycle, decreasing global precipitation.
A survey of UK doctors reveals that workload pressures are a primary motivator for early retirement, particularly among GPs. Reducing bureaucratic burdens and shortening working hours could help retain senior doctors' expertise, which poses significant challenges for the medical workforce.
A study by Ohio State University found that upwardly mobile blacks and Hispanics experience more racial discrimination than their socioeconomically stable peers. This discrimination may be linked to poor health outcomes among young adults of color. The research suggests that addressing poverty alone is insufficient to eradicate health ...
Using computer models, researchers analyzed epigenetic marks to predict how chromosomes fold in three dimensions. By training a neural network on these marks, they were able to identify the structural types of chromatin and validate their findings with additional data.
A new study found that high levels of thyroid hormone FT4 are associated with an increased risk of artery disease and death. Researchers analyzed data from 9,420 participants and discovered a significant link between thyroid function and atherosclerosis.
INRS is upgrading its research facilities to study geological reservoirs, monitor hydrocarbons around sea ice, and understand chemical bonds, thanks to a $12 million investment. The new Multidisciplinary Tomography Centre will provide access to comprehensive non-destructive analysis tools.
A new study published in the International Journal of Astrobiology suggests that aliens could have evolved in a similar way to humans, with natural selection playing a key role. The research uses evolutionary theory to predict the biological make-up and behavior of complex alien life forms.
SourceData provides a suite of tools to generate, validate and use figure data, making it efficient to find and reuse published results. The platform links figures to other related figures across papers and journals, creating a searchable knowledge graph.
Research published in Gut found a significant association between long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and an increased risk of developing stomach cancer. The study, which monitored over 63,000 adults, revealed that the longer PPIs were used, the greater the risk, with daily use linked to a quadrupling in risk compared to weekly use.
A new study from Penn researchers shows that a reflexive system of the human eye also produces a conscious, visual experience that may be related to excessive light sensitivity. The findings suggest that people have brain activity and a visual experience in response to invisible light pulses that stimulate melanopsin cells.
Researchers at ETH Zurich generate the world's shortest controlled laser pulse with a duration of 43 attoseconds, allowing for unprecedented time resolution in studying molecular dynamics. This breakthrough enables faster charge transfer and potentially more efficient solar cells.
A new approach to detecting dyslexia has been developed by associating auditory processing in children with their reading skills. The study found that children who had difficulty processing low-frequency sounds were more likely to have reading problems and may be at risk of developing dyslexia.
The CULPRIT-SHOCK trial found that culprit lesion only percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) reduces the composite of 30-day mortality and/or severe renal failure in patients with multivessel disease and cardiogenic shock. Immediate multivessel PCI was associated with higher rates of adverse outcomes.
The Transwomen Connected app aims to cater to the physical, mental and emotional needs of transgender women. The project will build a mobile app with HIV prevention tools and resources tailored specifically with their needs in mind.
Analyses of satellite sensing data show Red Sea's maximum surface temperatures increasing at a rate of 0.17°C per decade, four times faster than the global ocean warming rate. This rapid warming poses a threat to marine biodiversity in the region.
Eating high-pesticide residue fruits and vegetables was associated with lower probabilities of pregnancy and live birth following infertility treatment. The study found no negative association with low-pesticide residue intake, suggesting a possible link between pesticide exposure and decreased fertility outcomes.
Mice subjected to a calorie-restricted diet experienced improved skin and hair health, including increased fur production and reduced body fat. Skin vascularization also changed, with more blood vessels and increased blood flow to skin cells.
A VIMS study suggests that a common measure of fish health can help gauge the overall health of the Chesapeake Bay. The researchers found that annual trends in fish condition were surprisingly consistent among diverse species, with correlations between condition and changes in water quality, food availability, and climatic factors.
Vasanthi Jayaraman receives Maximizing Investigators' Research Award to study brain cell communication, developing high-resolution images of glutamate receptors for potential drug targets. Her research aims to enhance learning and memory, treat neurodegenerative conditions like Lou Gehrig's disease.
Experts say social media data use needs stricter guidelines due to rapid technological advancements and lack of adequate ethics frameworks. Researchers are mining large datasets to uncover insights into human behaviour, but only a small fraction report considering the ethical implications.
Studies found that female athletes in track and field experienced more bone stress injuries and tendon abnormalities than other Olympic events. Researchers recommend early MRI imaging for early detection of bone stress reactions and pre-competition screening data for chronic lesion detection.
A recent international study found that breastfeeding for at least two months significantly reduces the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) by almost half. This finding suggests that any amount of breastfeeding provides some level of protection against SIDS, regardless of whether it's exclusive or partial.
Researchers at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center are developing a highly compact infrared microbolometer camera called ComCAM to study near primitive objects. The device has the potential to assist in the redirection or possible destruction of an asteroid on a collision course with Earth.