Researchers developed a system called Taco that generates optimized code for tensor algebra operations on sparse data, offering a 100-fold speedup over existing software. The system automatically optimizes code by tracking and discarding zero entries, reducing wasted computation.
A new study shows that young bats adopt a specific 'dialect' spoken by their colonies, even when it differs from their mother tongue. Researchers used playback recordings to expose pups to different vocalizations and found they developed a dialect resembling the one they were exposed to.
A large-scale epidemiological study has associated certain air pollutants with increased mortality from kidney, bladder, and colorectal cancers. The study followed over 600,000 adults in the US and found that exposure to PM2.5, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone was linked to higher cancer death rates.
Researchers at the University of Queensland have identified genes that control a cell protein holding wheat grain layers together, leading to improved milling efficiency and nutritional profiles. This breakthrough could increase flour yield by up to 10% and unlock new high-yielding field wheats.
Doctors in the north east of England are facing legal action from pharmaceutical companies for offering patients a safer and effective but cheaper alternative to a licensed drug. The cheaper option, bevacizumab, could save the NHS up to £13.5m a year within the next five years.
Researchers develop a 3D model of amoeba swimming, showcasing the role of pseudopods in propulsion. The study provides new insights into cell locomotion mechanisms and their relevance to various biological processes.
The NASA GPM satellite collected detailed data on the storm's distribution and intensity of precipitation, revealing intense rain rates over 2 inches per hour. The storm's freezing level and wind gusts were also mapped, indicating heights of up to 5.6 miles and winds greater than 70 mph.
Researchers aim to understand the evolution of our solar system by studying 'hot Jupiters', gas giants orbiting close to their parent stars. They will measure escaping gases and look for evidence of magnetic fields on these planets.
Research at Colorado State University found that orphaned female elephants have limited access to mature, dominant individuals, affecting their social integration. Social bonds with surviving adults may not compensate for lost relationships during early years following disruption.
The Institute of Atmospheric Physics published a special issue in AAS to commemorate Duzheng Ye's life's achievements. The collection focuses on Ye's theories and their impact on modern weather forecasting, climate change research, and Tibetan Plateau meteorology.
A new study found that half of UK adults (48%) admit to missing at least a quarter of their teeth while brushing. The survey also shows a lack of guidance on tooth brushing habits, with six in ten adults having never been shown how to brush correctly by a dentist or hygienist.
Researchers at the University of Kansas are developing a new technology called Space Time Coding to improve long-range communications for testing airborne vehicles. The goal is to enable more efficient data transmission over narrower frequencies, enabling entities like the Department of Defense to test aircraft on government ranges.
A research project that began with an interest in bipolar disorder drugs has led to a better understanding of leukemia. The study found that the protein GSK-3 affects RNA splicing, which is linked to acute myeloid leukemia. This discovery could also explain why lithium causes increased white blood cell count.
Researchers have identified 27 novel tumour suppressor genes that may prevent cancer formation, using a powerful statistical model on over 2000 tumours across 12 human cancer types. This discovery could pave the way for targeted cancer therapies and deepen our understanding of cancer genomics.
Researchers discovered that mothers with high levels of neutralizing antibodies were more likely to pass on HIV to their infants through breast milk. Infants born to these mothers were also at higher risk of serious illness or death from the virus.
Steve Sutton, a renowned 40-year UTIA administrator, was inducted into the National 4-H Hall of Fame for his tireless dedication to Tennessee youth. He created numerous educational programs and opportunities for thousands of young people.
Research from NC State University reveals that prenatal BPA exposure at levels below the current FDA safety threshold alters hormone receptor expression, synaptic transmission, and neurodevelopment in the developing rat brain. The study found sex-specific differences in sensitivity to BPA exposure, with females appearing more sensitive.
A UC Riverside study highlights significant health problems affecting historically ignored racial groups, including multiracial, Native Hawaiian, and American Indian populations. The research reveals high rates of obesity and diabetes among these groups, with disparities exceeding those experienced by non-Hispanic white adults.
The Lancet Oncology Commission recommends prioritizing key areas for US$2 billion funding to advance cancer research and treatment, focusing on prevention, targeted interventions, and patient-centered data sharing. The report aims to improve cancer care for underserved groups and reduce health disparities.
A Canadian study created a website tailored for men transitioning to parenthood, addressing their specific information needs. The site provides resources on parenting, relationships, work-life balance, stress management, and sleep improvement.
A study published in Frontiers in Pediatrics found that first-graders in one region of Germany have remained reasonably fit over the past decade. Aerobic fitness has declined only in boys, while speed and balance have improved in both sexes.
Researchers found that young bats pick up specific vocalizations from their colony members, developing a unique dialect. This discovery sheds light on the evolutionary origins of language skills and raises questions about how bats adapt to new colonies.
Researchers will examine patients' and family members' perspectives on personality changes before and after Parkinson's disease treatment. The study aims to develop personalized measures of personality and inform public discussions of identity and autonomy in the context of deep brain stimulation.
A new study warns skiers and snowboarders about the risks of UV exposure to their eyes. The study found that people often miss applying sunscreen to areas around their eyes and eyelids, with serious consequences.
NASA engineer Justin Jones used an industrial X-ray CT scanner to evaluate volcanic rocks and other specimens, revealing previously undetected minerals and 3D arrangements. The technology has potential applications in planetary exploration, including the analysis of samples from Mars and asteroids.
A new study reveals that cigarette smoke triggers colitis, an inflammation of the colon, in mice exposed to cigarette smoke. The researchers identified CD4+ T cells and a pro-inflammatory protein as the immune cells responsible for this effect. This finding could lead to the development of new treatments for Crohn's disease.
Researchers found that massage increased muscle growth after loss and improved protein manufacture in cells, leading to faster regeneration. Additionally, non-massaged muscles showed accelerated growth, suggesting massage could benefit both injured and healthy limbs.
A study published in the Journal of Human Evolution found that humans do not have uniquely expensive brains, challenging a major dogma in human evolution studies. Researchers measured the cross-sectional area of cranial arteries and brain glucose uptake to compare brain costs across 22 species.
Researchers found that 46% of patients experienced mucosal healing after 48 weeks in a tight control protocol compared to 30% in clinical management. The study demonstrated superior outcomes using biomarker monitoring and symptom assessment.
A study by University of Miami researchers found that individuals with specific patterns of salience network dynamics were better able to resist tempting distractors and perform tasks. The study, published in Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, sheds new light on the neural mechanisms underlying self-control and temptation res...
Hospitals investing in affordable housing can reduce emergency room visits and costly interventions, saving taxpayer dollars. By combining housing with wraparound services, hospitals can build healthy communities where families can thrive financially and physically.
A Colorado State University team will research how a deadly citrus disease propagates and can be stopped, supported by a $1.2 million gift from Cutrale. The team aims to understand the spread of the disease and identify effective control methods.
Physicists have successfully demonstrated the observation of wave properties in massive particles at room temperature. This breakthrough allows for the study of quantum effects in particle collisions that were previously unobservable.
The UK is struggling to find undiagnosed hepatitis C patients due to lack of awareness about deadly virus and new treatment drugs. Experts estimate that at least 100,000 people remain undiagnosed, threatening the country's goal to eliminate the disease by 2030.
Research by Stanford scholar Claire Dunning shows that 1960s anti-poverty programs like New Careers created entry-level human services jobs, predominantly taken by African-American and Latina women. These jobs were low wage and lacked career advancement opportunities.
A new treatment reduced disease burden in patients with skin-predominant dermatomyositis, improving patient-reported quality of life and symptom assessments. The treatment, anabasum, was well-tolerated with mild side effects.
A new blood test has been developed to detect ovarian cancer with high accuracy, using microRNA profiling to distinguish between cancerous and benign tumors. The test shows promise in accurately predicting ovarian cancer, even when other methods fail.
A new article proposes a virtual European Cancer Institute to combine innovative prevention and treatment strategies, achieving high survival rates in countries with well-developed healthcare systems. The initiative aims to address economic and social inequalities in less developed systems
Research suggests that amyloid-beta, a toxic protein, can travel to the brain from other parts of the body, contributing to Alzheimer's disease. This discovery offers hope for new drug therapies that target the kidneys or liver to prevent the protein from reaching the brain.
A new study found that Chinese adults who enjoyed spicy foods ate less salt and had lower blood pressure, suggesting a potential health benefit. The study linked spice preference to brain activity in regions involved in salty taste, supporting the idea that spices can reduce salt consumption.
Researchers found that right-handed baseball players who bat left-handed have an advantage over those who bat and throw left-handed. This study, reanalyzing data from 1871 to 2016, suggests that throwing right-handed but batting left improves a player's likelihood of becoming a top hitter in Major League.
Nine countries are making progress towards eliminating hepatitis C, thanks to innovative approaches and increased funding. Brazil, Egypt, Australia, and Georgia are leading the way with mass screenings, vaccination campaigns, and risk-sharing agreements.
Researchers at the National University of Singapore have developed a super-resolution imaging technique that doubles the odds of successful photon interaction with atoms. This innovation has significant implications for quantum computing and metrology, as it enables stronger interactions between photons and atoms.
Researchers at NUS found that the brain changes the activity of neurons when distracted, but retains information by reorganizing the 'code' used to store it. This discovery could inspire novel artificial neural network architectures and improve our understanding of brain function.
Researchers at NYU School of Medicine discovered that infliximab blocks TNF-alpha, reducing inflammation in the gut and preventing transplant rejection. They also found that stimulating ATG16L1 protects against TNF-alpha driven inflammation.
Researchers from the University of Seville studied a specific type of chromosomal break generated by enzymes called DNA topoisomerases. They found that this mechanism prevents the formation of aberrant chromosomal structures called translocations, which are linked to some types of cancer.
Researchers used tiny microscopes on mice's heads to visualize brain activity in living mice, showing how and where instincts are shaped by learning. The results found that social experiences can influence brain responses to other mice and even lead to long-lasting changes in the brain's activity patterns.
Researchers found five native Brazilian fruits, such as araçá-piranga, to contain bioactive properties like blueberries and strawberries. The study suggests these fruits could combat free radicals and chronic inflammation, potentially preventing diseases like diabetes, cancer, and Alzheimer's.
Researchers analyzed gene expression changes in tendon tissue of male and female subjects aged 20-24 and 54-70. The study found opposite effects on genes expressed in males and females with age, highlighting the importance of considering gender differences in treating tendon disease.
The DKCRUSH-V trial found that the double kissing crush two-stent technique resulted in a lower rate of target lesion failure compared to provisional stenting at one year. The study also showed improved outcomes for patients with true distal left main bifurcation lesions.
A new study reveals that Madagascar's fruit is too low in protein for lemurs to sustain themselves, prompting them to adopt a leafy diet and develop unusual behaviors like hibernation. The research sheds light on the evolution of lemurs' dietary habits and highlights their unique characteristics.
The Chicxulub asteroid impact likely released over three times as much sulfur gas into the atmosphere, implying a colder period than previously thought. The increased sulfur release led to a dramatic cooling of Earth's climate, potentially devastating plant life and marine ecosystems.
A record 1.76 million people with hepatitis C were treated in 2016, but most countries are running out of patients to treat due to low diagnosis rates. Countries must boost diagnosis rates to achieve elimination targets by 2030.
The GHIT Fund has announced significant investments in new treatments for malaria, including an antimalarial drug candidate DSM265 and a diagnostic tool for detecting dormant Plasmodium vivax parasites. These breakthroughs aim to combat the growing threat of artemisinin resistance and eliminate the 'hidden reservoir' of vivax malaria.
The ABSORB IV trial found that biosorbable stents are non-inferior to traditional metal stents, but still require further advancements in device technology and technique. The study demonstrated a lower rate of device thrombosis with improved pre-dilatation and post-dilatation techniques.
A new mapping reveals trends in G protein-coupled receptor-targeted drugs, indicating more precise effects and reduced side effects. The study also identifies potential for further research into untargeted receptors related to genetic and immune disorders.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed new methods for detecting tuberculosis (TB), a deadly disease that kills over a billion people in the last two centuries. The new tests use nanotechnology to detect TB proteins in patient blood samples, providing rapid and accurate results.
Researchers at NYITCOM found that short-term exposure to the Western diet can increase risk for developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease in females. The study revealed vascular damage and increased blood pressure, with females developing abdominal fat despite not being overtly obese.
Scientists from Moscow State University have discovered the evolutionary pathways of groups of invertebrates with specific tentacular apparatus - the lophophore. The study reveals that lophophorates are the closest relatives, with a common ancestral morphology.
The study analyzed global data on religious affiliation at the time of death, projecting changes until 2060. Christianity is expected to remain the most common religion, while Islam will increase in prevalence. Regional trends also emerge, with Europe's secularization and Nigeria's Muslim majority
Engineers at Tohoku University created a system to measure the van der Waals' bonding force between crystal layers, increasing its strength seven times. This breakthrough enables more durable gallium selenide crystals for advanced technologies.
New data reveals that only half of Americans with hepatitis C are aware of their condition, leading to missed opportunities for effective treatments. The lack of routine screening, asymptomatic nature of the disease, and restricted Medicaid coverage in some states contribute to these poor outcomes.
The research demonstrates significant potential for semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes as primary material for efficient thermoelectric generators. The discovery enables the fabrication of devices from a single material, simplifying production and improving performance.
A giant gas giant planet, NGTS-1b, has been discovered orbiting a tiny star, defying conventional formation theories. The planet's proximity to its star and short orbital period pose significant challenges for understanding the origins of such massive worlds.
A new study published in Political Behavior suggests that voting alone does not directly reduce criminality and may not foster good citizens. The research analyzed a large-scale field experiment involving over 550,000 young adults aged 18-20 in the US, finding no correlation between voting and reduced crime rates.
Researchers developed illuminated pajamas that emit therapeutic blue light directly onto a baby's skin, improving the treatment experience and reducing discomfort. The photonic textiles, woven into satin fabric, are breathable, comfortable, and suitable for everyday wear.
A new cosmic picture of the universe's history shows a close agreement with previous findings, leaving little room for new physics that could reveal dark matter and dark energy. The results support the standard model of Big Bang cosmology, but scientists remain hopeful that new observations will offer clues about what lies beyond.
A study by the University of Plymouth found that oysters exposed to expected future levels of ocean acidification and warming do not lose their sensory qualities. This has potentially positive implications for global food supply, as seafood represents a significant portion of animal protein intake.
A new study found that playing position and career duration influence brain damage in former football players, with non-speed players experiencing more localized damage. The researchers used MRI techniques to analyze brain structure and function, suggesting that position-specific helmets may be warranted.
A recent study found that US cancer drug costs increased substantially after launch, with prices rising by 37% over 12 years. The research team analyzed the monthly price trajectories of 24 FDA-approved cancer drugs and discovered no correlation between price changes and market structure or competition.
A new study in Biological Psychiatry provides direct human evidence for a decades-old theory linking heightened arousal and reactivity in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to overactivity of the locus coeruleus (LC), a brain region that mediates arousal and reactivity. The study found that participants with PTSD exhibited increased ...
A large national sample of youth will be studied over several years to understand how sexual minority stress changes over time and its resulting health risks. The study aims to enable the development of targeted and effective behavioral health interventions to improve health outcomes for this vulnerable population.
Researchers found TAVR to be highly cost-effective compared to SAVR in intermediate surgical risk patients with aortic stenosis. Over two years, follow-up costs were substantially lower with TAVR than SAVR, resulting in lifetime cost savings and improved quality-adjusted life expectancy.
Australia is currently on track to eliminate hepatitis C due to its efforts in enabling population-wide access to treatment. However, maintaining high annual treatment numbers is crucial to meet the 2030 elimination target. For hepatitis B, progress is slower, and a significant commitment is needed to achieve the elimination goals.
A large study of FEA lesions found that only a small percentage (2.4%) upgraded to breast cancer at surgery, while 30% were upgraded to higher-risk but non-cancerous lesions. Surveillance over surgery is recommended for women with FEA who do not have genetic mutations or are not interested in chemoprevention.
Researchers at the University of Washington developed a new type of smart fabric that can store digital data without electronic components. The fabric uses off-the-shelf conductive thread with magnetic properties to encode and decode data, enabling secure passcode storage and smartphone-controlled interactions.
Researchers developed a mathematical model of cefixime resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, estimating that treating up to 25% of cases with cefixime would not lead to resistance re-emerging. The study suggests cefixime may be an effective alternative to current treatments in the fight against antimicrobial-resistant gonorrhea.
Researchers found berberine improves diabetic encephalopathy through the SIRT1/ER stress pathway in db/db mice, linked to better lipid metabolism and decreased fasting glucose. The compound also protects against central nervous system degeneration and cognitive impairment.
Researchers from the University of Houston are studying the impact of rainwater surging into Galveston Bay, estimating 34 trillion gallons fell along the Texas-Louisiana coast. They will survey the sea bottom and collect sediment samples to understand extreme event sedimentation patterns.
A University of Oregon study found that bilingual preschoolers develop faster inhibitory control skills than monolingual peers. The research used a longitudinal approach to examine the effects of bilingualism on executive function development in low-income children.
A novel technique has enabled researchers to unravel complex physical processes during fracture in microscopic detail and in real time.
Researchers have identified a different strain of Salmonella Typhimurium in the UK that is less severe and susceptible to antibiotics compared to the strain causing high levels of disease in sub-Saharan Africa. The genomic differences between the two strains may hold clues to why the African strain causes such high mortality rates.
A new collaboration tool, FeatureHub, enables thousands of researchers to contribute to data analysis projects by automatically evaluating proposals and identifying useful features. The system has been tested against top-scoring entries in a Kaggle competition, producing results within three points of the winners.
Researchers discovered that our chromosomes age along with us, affecting how our immune system renews itself. In young people, thousands of gene sites are open, while in older adults, these sites become closed, leading to decreased activity in genes and pathways critical for defending against disease.
Chronic hepatitis B and C cause life-threatening liver damage, cancer, and premature death, with 300 million infected worldwide. Donors are essential to deliver results in the next 13 years, as domestic funding is unlikely to meet the challenge.
A Norwegian research team found that energy efficiency labeling for homes has no significant effect on purchase price. The researchers conducted a thorough analysis of home sales data before and after the labeling system was introduced in Norway in 2010. They discovered that any apparent impact of the label was likely due to other fact...
The Cleveland Clinic has been awarded a 5-year, $2.6 million grant from the National Cancer Institute to create innovative models of colorectal cancer. The project aims to better understand how the disease develops and spreads.
Researchers aim to integrate advance care planning into nursing home workflow to support decision-making for dementia patients and their families. The multistate project will evaluate the effectiveness of a pragmatic program that helps staff identify patient goals and values.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that removing weekend allied health services from hospitals had no significant effect on patients' length of stay or adverse events. In fact, having no services was associated with a 2% reduction in length of stay and a 3% decrease in adverse events.
The City College of New York has received a $174,895 NSF RAPID grant to investigate the impacts of post-hurricane land-atmosphere interactions on convective and precipitation processes in the Caribbean region. Researchers will conduct field studies in Puerto Rico to improve their understanding of storm development and intensification.
A research team has discovered a technique called Accelerated Evolution that rapidly generates valuable natural products by mimicking bacterial evolution processes. This breakthrough could lead to hundreds of new compounds and revolutionize natural product drug discovery.
UNC researchers discovered that high-intensity shear shock waves amplify deep inside the brain, delivering a tenfold increase in tissue-ripping acceleration. This phenomenon may explain why some head knocks cause more harm than others.
Researchers at Stanford University developed a platform called Abuzz that uses cellphone recordings to track mosquito populations and distributions. The platform aims to create the world's largest network of mosquito surveillance, enabling targeted control efforts and reducing the burden of mosquito-borne diseases.
A RUDN University researcher found that plant root secretions stimulate microbial activity, leading to faster decomposition of organic matter and increased nutrient availability for plants. This has significant implications for long-term carbon accumulation and soil fertility in paddy soils.
A $10 microchip can be mounted onto a traditional ultrasound probe, providing 3-D imaging abilities similar to CT scans or MRIs. This technology has the potential to improve patient care, especially in emergency medicine and trauma cases where CT scans are not available.
A new study of over 80,000 adults found that strength-based exercise reduced the risk of premature death by 23% and cancer-related death by 31%. The research suggests that governments and public health authorities should promote strength-based guidelines to encourage long-term health and wellbeing.
NGTS-1b, the largest planet compared to its companion star, has been discovered by an international collaboration of astronomers. The giant gas giant orbits a small star half the size of our Sun and challenges theories on planet formation.
A new study found that future volcanic eruptions could lead to surface cooling of up to 40% due to the oceans' decreased ability to moderate the climate impacts. The increased cooling would disrupt the water cycle, decreasing global precipitation.
A survey of UK doctors reveals that workload pressures are a primary motivator for early retirement, particularly among GPs. Reducing bureaucratic burdens and shortening working hours could help retain senior doctors' expertise, which poses significant challenges for the medical workforce.
A study by Ohio State University found that upwardly mobile blacks and Hispanics experience more racial discrimination than their socioeconomically stable peers. This discrimination may be linked to poor health outcomes among young adults of color. The research suggests that addressing poverty alone is insufficient to eradicate health ...
Using computer models, researchers analyzed epigenetic marks to predict how chromosomes fold in three dimensions. By training a neural network on these marks, they were able to identify the structural types of chromatin and validate their findings with additional data.
A new study found that high levels of thyroid hormone FT4 are associated with an increased risk of artery disease and death. Researchers analyzed data from 9,420 participants and discovered a significant link between thyroid function and atherosclerosis.
INRS is upgrading its research facilities to study geological reservoirs, monitor hydrocarbons around sea ice, and understand chemical bonds, thanks to a $12 million investment. The new Multidisciplinary Tomography Centre will provide access to comprehensive non-destructive analysis tools.
A new study published in the International Journal of Astrobiology suggests that aliens could have evolved in a similar way to humans, with natural selection playing a key role. The research uses evolutionary theory to predict the biological make-up and behavior of complex alien life forms.
SourceData provides a suite of tools to generate, validate and use figure data, making it efficient to find and reuse published results. The platform links figures to other related figures across papers and journals, creating a searchable knowledge graph.
Research published in Gut found a significant association between long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and an increased risk of developing stomach cancer. The study, which monitored over 63,000 adults, revealed that the longer PPIs were used, the greater the risk, with daily use linked to a quadrupling in risk compared to weekly use.
A new study from Penn researchers shows that a reflexive system of the human eye also produces a conscious, visual experience that may be related to excessive light sensitivity. The findings suggest that people have brain activity and a visual experience in response to invisible light pulses that stimulate melanopsin cells.
Researchers at ETH Zurich generate the world's shortest controlled laser pulse with a duration of 43 attoseconds, allowing for unprecedented time resolution in studying molecular dynamics. This breakthrough enables faster charge transfer and potentially more efficient solar cells.
A new approach to detecting dyslexia has been developed by associating auditory processing in children with their reading skills. The study found that children who had difficulty processing low-frequency sounds were more likely to have reading problems and may be at risk of developing dyslexia.
The CULPRIT-SHOCK trial found that culprit lesion only percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) reduces the composite of 30-day mortality and/or severe renal failure in patients with multivessel disease and cardiogenic shock. Immediate multivessel PCI was associated with higher rates of adverse outcomes.
The Transwomen Connected app aims to cater to the physical, mental and emotional needs of transgender women. The project will build a mobile app with HIV prevention tools and resources tailored specifically with their needs in mind.