A recent study reveals that education and knowledge have little impact on individual behavior when it comes to major issues like the environment and personal health. Conservationists were found to behave in a marginally 'greener' manner, but with surprisingly modest differences compared to economists and medics.
A study published in JAMA found that stopping behavioral interventions aimed at reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescribing led to an increase in such prescribing practices, despite previous effectiveness of the interventions. The randomized trial, which included 47 primary care practices and 248 clinicians, showed a decrease in appr...
A DNA variant in the DNMT3B gene is associated with an increased risk of nicotine dependence, as well as heavier smoking and a higher likelihood of developing lung cancer. The study, which analyzed over 38,600 participants, provides new insights into the genetic factors influencing addiction.
The participation of women in the labor force has nearly doubled since 1950, benefiting everyone, including men, with average wages increasing as a result. Women bring important skills and perspectives to businesses, making them more productive and competitive.
Two mass extinction events led to the survival of a low number of 'weedy' species that spread globally, affecting ecosystems and biogeography. The findings shed light on modern high extinction rates and potential consequences for current biodiversity loss.
Researchers have identified adenosine receptor A2a as a potential target for reducing dysfunctional blood vessel development in the eye. Blocking this receptor has been shown to inhibit pathological angiogenesis and promote healthy blood vessel formation, offering new hope for treating diabetic retinopathy.
Experts recommend quality measures for preterm birth, preeclampsia, cesarean birth, and other high-risk pregnancy complications. The measures aim to reduce maternal and infant mortality rates and improve healthcare outcomes.
Researchers publish high-resolution data on particle density in equatorial Atlantic and Pacific Ocean, finding that particle density increases again in 300-600 meters of water depth due to daily migratory behavior of plankton organisms. This challenges previous assumptions about the flow of particles into the deep sea.
Researchers analyzed 56 high-quality studies on dementia to identify gaps in knowledge, focusing on caregiver behavior, environment, and progression of disease. The study aims to inform treatment design and interventions to reduce behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia patients.
A new CAMH study found that people unaware of their memory loss are more likely to progress to Alzheimer's disease. Those aware of memory problems are unlikely to develop dementia. The study used PET brain scans to identify specific brain regions affected in impaired illness awareness.
Researchers in Japan have developed a wavelength-selective plasmonic metamaterial absorber to enhance the generation of spin currents from heat produced in the mid-infrared regime. The unique combination enables stronger light absorption and shows excellent tenability of these metamaterials' resonance wavelengths.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University found that hammerhead sharks use different body movements to swim at the same speed, despite varying head shapes and sizes. The study revealed a double oscillating system in their movement, allowing for increased sensory perception and scanning of the environment.
Researchers identified genes linked to insulin secretion, immunity, and ultraviolet protection that showed adaptive selection in African dogs. The study found functional verification of ADGRE1's role in providing host immunity to Plasmodium infection.
Researchers at Kent State University are working with NASA Glenn Research Center to develop a new method for identifying and monitoring cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms in Lake Erie. Using hyperspectral imaging, the team aims to improve water quality and reduce the impact of these toxic cyanobacteria on local communities.
Researchers from King's College London predict that care homes will become the most common place to die, with over 230,000 annual deaths predicted by 2040. This increase is driven by a rise in deaths occurring at home and a decline in hospital deaths.
Researchers prepared porous MoS2 with high specific surface area using APTES-modified SiO2 hard template and different sulfur sources. The resulting materials exhibited good performance in hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of bio-oil, a promising route for upgrading this liquid fuel.
Researchers developed improved mini brain organoids from stem cells, closely mimicking human brain structure. They found critical similarities between the organoids and real brain tissue and identified effective drugs to block Zika's entry into the brain, offering new avenues for studying neurological disorders
Army researchers have discovered subtle variations in the dynamic behavior of materials under fatigue cycles, including shifts in natural frequency. The study aims to develop new sensing techniques for predicting service life and enabling self-responsive, damage-adaptive structures.
Research suggests that perinatal BPA exposure can lead to reduced gut bacterial diversity and elevated gut permeability, resulting in chronic colon and liver inflammation. Early correction of gut dysbiosis induced by environmental toxins may reduce the risk for chronic diseases later in life.
Researchers mapped 27 types of illegal activities in Brazilian protected areas, with vegetation suppression and hunting being the most common. Human population density and accessibility were key factors influencing these activities, highlighting the need for targeted conservation efforts.
A team of scientists has identified a specific group of giant bacteria, Epulopiscium, that dominate the intestines of Red Sea surgeonfish and enable them to digest different types of algae. The discovery sheds light on the basis of surgeonfish diversity and provides a valuable genetic resource for developing algal-based biofuels.
A study published in JAMA found that biomarkers indicating diminished ovarian reserve were not associated with reduced fertility in women aged 30-44 attempting natural conception. Low AMH or high FSH levels were not linked to lower fecundability or cumulative probability of conceiving.
A new study reveals that mass extinctions have predictable consequences, leading to low diversity and the emergence of dominant species. The researchers analyzed nearly 900 animal species between 260-175 million years ago and found a global pattern of 'disaster faunas'.
Researchers at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution identified an extensive conserved group of bacteria within healthy humpback whales' blow. The discovery could serve as a framework for monitoring the health of this species and others, with potential implications for disease detection and conservation.
Researchers have uncovered secrets of how bacteria turn off protein biosynthesis to conserve energy and survive under stressful conditions. Hibernating ribosomes, found in Gram-positive bacteria like Staph, help them survive by suppressing translation, making them a potential target for new antibiotics.
Taking prescribed sleep medications for insomnia increases risk of falling in older adults, according to researchers. Non-drug approaches like cognitive behavioral therapy may be more effective and safer.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that using cystatin C with creatinine to estimate GFR for chronic kidney disease diagnosis resulted in increased healthcare costs without improved risk prediction. The test led to a higher number of patients being reclassified to more advanced CKD, requiring more frequent monitoring and referrals.
Research at Sam Houston State University found that home-brewing techniques using unwashed poppy seeds can produce lethal doses of morphine. The study reveals the potential danger of consuming moderate volumes of poppy seed tea, which can lead to overdose or death.
A new University of Michigan study reveals the NFL's transformation from a leader in avoiding concussion discussion to one that now leads the charge. The league has implemented significant changes, including creating expert-only committees and advocating for legislation, to address the issue, which had previously damaged its public image.
Researchers at the University of California, Irvine have been awarded a federal grant to develop a genetically engineered mouse model that more closely mirrors human Alzheimer's disease. The new mouse will enable superior testing of therapies designed to slow or prevent the disease, according to experts.
Researchers found that menopause triggers metabolic changes in the brain, increasing the risk of Alzheimer's disease. The study used PET imaging to measure glucose metabolism in the brains of 43 healthy women aged 40-60, revealing lower levels of glucose metabolism in post-menopausal women.
A new study from Michigan Medicine found that women who undergo a bilateral mastectomy with reconstruction are 7.8 times more likely to miss work than those who opt for lumpectomy and radiation therapy.
Researchers from UBC Okanagan have developed a novel approach to control odor and pathogens in anaerobic digestion, reducing sulfuric gases by 93% and pathogenic fecal coliforms by 83%. The technique uses common commercial chemicals and has minimal annual costs of $10,000.
The SciShops.eu project analyzes characteristics of science shops to develop new ones addressing subjects like women and science, sustainability, and community problems. The goal is to create a collaborative effort between researchers, civil organizations, and citizens.
Scientists have successfully developed a zero-index waveguide compatible with current silicon photonic technologies, allowing them to observe standing waves with infinitely-long wavelengths. This breakthrough could enable the creation of ultra-compact optical devices and pave the way for new quantum computing applications.
A 120-million-year-old bird specimen from the Early Cretaceous exhibits high skeletal fusion in manus and pelvis bones, features rare in most known birds from that era. Osteohistological analysis indicates that the bird reached maturity in approximately one year, similar to modern birds.
UTA researchers are using a $50,000 grant to build models and test software that will help the Trinity River Authority make a decision on converting flood storage to water supply. The conversion could allow TRA to store treated wastewater in wet years and sell it during droughts.
Researchers sequenced the genome of wild olive trees, uncovering insights into oil biosynthesis and the evolution of olive oil production. The study found that ancient gene duplication events led to increased expression of genes involved in oleic acid production.
Scientists use single-molecule FRET imaging techniques to study the dynamics of NMDA receptor gates, which control chemical signals into electrical signals. The research reveals that these gates have multiple conformational interactions that improve or degrade signaling.
Researchers developed a mathematical model of microwave communication for 5G networks, addressing signal attenuation and radio resource allocation. The study aims to enable gigabit-rate transmission via millimeter wave channels in urban environments.
Indiana University will establish a network of sites to study early-onset Alzheimer's disease, a rare variant that affects people under 65. The Longitudinal Early-onset AD Study (LEADS) aims to bridge the gap in clinical trials for this population by collecting robust longitudinal data on genetic risk factors and treatment options.
Researchers found that birds with related or familiar neighbors had better body condition and telomere length, indicating improved health and aging. The study suggests that keeping good neighbors is crucial for wild animals' well-being, particularly in densely populated areas.
The National Crime Victims Research & Treatment Center is developing a Mass Violence and Victimization Resource Center to provide fast and comprehensive services to those affected by mass casualty events. The center will focus on social support, mental health treatment, and technology-based tools to help survivors and their families.
Researchers at UC Riverside developed a photodetector that doubles its efficiency by combining two distinct materials, producing quantum mechanical processes. This breakthrough can revolutionize the way solar energy is collected.
Scientists at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have discovered a compound that directly makes cancer cells commit suicide while sparing healthy cells. The new treatment approach, BTSA1, works by triggering apoptosis in cancer cells through the BAX protein, leaving healthy cells unscathed.
A study using fruit flies has identified a mechanism behind a human heart condition that causes the heart to enlarge and fail. The mutation interferes with heart muscle relaxation, preventing it from fully filling with blood and pumping it out.
Researchers used bird specimens to track air pollution levels over 135 years, revealing a sharp drop in black carbon during the Great Depression and a rebound after World War II. The study shows that efforts to address urban smoke pollution had a lasting impact on reducing pollution.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is driven by two distinct subsets of cancer stem cells, each with its own transcriptional program and morphological characteristics. Targeting these cell populations using combined BMI1 and EZH2 inhibition achieves modest efficacy in solo treatments but synergistic results when used together.
A study reveals that massive coal formation 300 million years ago nearly led to global glaciation due to low CO2 concentrations. The research indicates that current levels of CO2 in the atmosphere pose a significant threat to climate stability.
A new study from Purdue University and the University of New Hampshire finds that pursuing sustainable irrigation can negatively impact environmental and development goals globally. The research highlights the importance of considering irrigation's interaction with other sustainable development goals.
A study published in Genome Research investigated the role of p53 in tumor suppression and found that no single gene serves as a backup 'second in command' to activate its functions. Instead, p53 relies on a multifunctional team of genes contributing to tumor suppression.
A study suggests that exclusion devices in fishing nets may be linked to elevated post-release mortality and reproductive failure among New Zealand sea lions. The research found a negative correlation between pup production and annual growth rates and the estimated interaction rate with the Auckland Islands squid fishery.
Researchers have developed a new diagnostic method for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma, based on a simple blood sample containing circulating tumor DNA. The test has been shown to highly correlate with tumor burden, treatment response, and stage of cancer.
A new electronic frailty index (eFI) tool helps GPs identify older people at risk of frailty and poor health outcomes. The eFI uses routine data from GP databases and has been shown to flag up patients who are living with mild, moderate, or severe frailty.
Researchers analyzed data from thousands of students and found a significant decline in narcissism, particularly in traits like vanity and entitlement. The average college student scores lower on the Narcissism Personality Inventory than grandparent counterparts, suggesting that age brings a decrease in narcissistic tendencies.
A team of Rutgers scientists has discovered a way to increase the nutritional value of corn by inserting a bacterial gene that produces methionine, a key amino acid. This breakthrough could benefit millions in developing countries who rely on corn as a staple food, and significantly reduce worldwide animal feed costs.
Scientists from the University of Minnesota found that excessively fertilized lakes in Iowa had low algae growth due to the destructive effect of nitrate particles, resulting in increased water clarity. This study suggests that relying on water clarity to gauge water quality may not be effective in all regions.
A study found that calorie postings on menus lead to a significant increase in health-related discussions in online restaurant reviews, suggesting potential spillovers towards healthier restaurants. The result indicates that calorie posting can shift consumers towards healthier alternatives not only inside but also outside the restaurant.
Altered MAIT cell concentration and function are linked to T1D pathogenesis, compromising gut mucosa homeostasis and favoring autoimmune responses.
New research from Carnegie Institution for Science suggests that North Atlantic wind farms can generate at least three times more power than onshore wind farms, tapping into winds throughout the atmosphere. However, this tremendous wind power is seasonal and primarily available during winter months.